Tissue Disease Species symbol ID Platform Type Expression Target Pathway Method Drug Function PMID Title Year heart diabetic_cardiomyopathy mus_musculus mir-133a-1 MI0000159 miRBase miRNA down-regulation SMAD2 MAPK SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; Masson's trichrome staining etc. no "A drastic decrease in miR-133a expression in the hearts of streptozotocin-induced diabetic animals and this decrease was accompanied by an increase in the transcriptional co-activator EP300 mRNA and major markers of fibrosis [transforming growth factor-beta1, connective tissue growth factor, fibronectin (fn1) and COL14A1]." 24428157 Cardiac miR-133a overexpression prevents early cardiac fibrosis in diabetes 2014 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-34a MI0000584 miRBase miRNA down-regulation C-SKI TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY immunofluorescence; RT-PCR etc. no A miR-34a/miR-93-c-SKi axis which modulates TGF-beta1 and isoproterenol (ISO)-induced cardiac fibrosis in vitro and in vivo; Targeting the inhibitory factors of c-SKi to rescue its expression may be a promising strategy for the treatment of cardiac fibrosis. 29551367 MiR-34a/miR-93 target c-Ski to modulate the proliferaton of rat cardiac fibroblasts and extracellular matrix deposition in vivo and in vitro 2018 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-93 MI0000581 miRBase miRNA down-regulation C-SKI TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY immunofluorescence; RT-PCR etc. no A miR-34a/miR-93-c-SKi axis which modulates TGF-beta2 and isoproterenol (ISO)-induced cardiac fibrosis in vitro and in vivo; Targeting the inhibitory factors of c-SKi to rescue its expression may be a promising strategy for the treatment of cardiac fibrosis. 29551367 MiR-34a/miR-93 target c-Ski to modulate the proliferaton of rat cardiac fibroblasts and extracellular matrix deposition in vivo and in vitro 2018 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-29a MI0000576 miRBase miRNA down-regulation TGFB;FOS;SMAD2;SMAD3;COL1A1;COL3A1 TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; Masson's trichrome staining etc. no Aerobic exercise can inhibit TGF-beta pathway via up-regulation to the expression of miR-29a and miR-101a and finally cause a reduced fibrosis and scar formation in cardiac tissue. 28577867 Effects of miR-29a and miR-101a Expression on Myocardial Interstitial Collagen Generation After Aerobic Exercise in Myocardial-infarcted Rats 2017 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-101a MI0000148 miRBase miRNA down-regulation TGFB;FOS;SMAD2;SMAD3;COL1A1;COL3A1 TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; Masson's trichrome staining etc. no Aerobic exercise can inhibit TGF-beta pathway via up-regulation to the expression of miR-29a and miR-102a and finally cause a reduced fibrosis and scar formation in cardiac tissue. 28577867 Effects of miR-29a and miR-101a Expression on Myocardial Interstitial Collagen Generation After Aerobic Exercise in Myocardial-infarcted Rats 2017 heart diabetic_cardiomyopathy mus_musculus mir-34a MI0000584 miRBase miRNA down-regulation BCL2 PI3K-AKT SIGNALING PATHWAY cell counting kit-8 analysis; yes Astragaloside-IV inhibits high-glucose (HG)-induced oxidative stress and autophagy and protects cardiomyocytes from injury via the miR-34a/Bcl2/(LC3ii/LC3i) and PAKT/Bcl2/(LC3ii/LC3i) pathways. 31713440 Astragaloside-IV protects H9C2(2-1) cardiomyocytes from high glucose-induced injury via miR-34a-mediated autophagy pathway 2019 heart heart_failure mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA up-regulation SPROUTY-1 PI3K-AKT SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; immunohistochemistry etc. no "Atrial miR-21 knockdown suppresses atrial fibrosis(AF) and AF promotion, implicating miR-21 as an important signaling molecule for the AF substrate and pointing to miR-21 as a potential target for molecular interventions designed to prevent AF." 22923342 Role for MicroRNA-21 in Atrial Profibrillatory Fibrotic Remodeling Associated With Experimental Postinfarction Heart Failure 2012 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-433 MI0001525 miRBase miRNA up-regulation AZIN1;JNK1 TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no "AZIN1 and JNK1 are targets of miR-433 in cardiac fibroblasts, and regulate fibroblast proliferation and myofibroblast differentiation, (ii) reduced AZIN1 expression activates TGF-beta/smad3 signalling in cardiac fibroblasts, (iii) decreased levels of JNK increase the phosphorylation of ERK, p38 kinase and smad3 and this contributes to fibroblast proliferation and the differentiation into myofibroblasts." 28149909 Therapeutic potential of targeting microRNAs to regulate cardiac fibrosis: miR-433 a new fibrotic player 2016 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus mir-155 MI0000177 miRBase miRNA down-regulation C-SKI;HGF NA NA no "Bone marrow-derived progenitor cell (BMPC) release hepatocyte growth factor, which inhibits miR-155-mediated profibrosis signaling, thereby preventing cardiac fibrosis." 23560074 Bone marrow progenitor cell therapy-mediated paracrine regulation of cardiac miRNA-155 modulates fibrotic response in diabetic hearts 2013 heart heart_failure mus_musculus mir-27a MI0000578 miRBase miRNA up-regulation PDLIM5 NA NA no Cardiac fibroblast-secretion of miRNA27a-enriched EVS may act as a paracrine signaling mediator of cardiac hypertrophy that has potential as a novel therapeutic target. 32370947 Extracellular vesicular MicroRNA-27a* contributes to cardiac hypertrophy in chronic heart failure 2020 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-410 MI0001161 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY miRNA microarray analysis no Circulating miR-410-5p regulates metabolic disorders-mediated cardiac remodeling by activating the TGF-beta/smad signaling in heart. 29884823 MicroRNA-410-5p exacerbates high-fat diet-induced cardiac remodeling in mice in an endocrine fashion 2018 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus mir-18a-5p MIMAT0000528 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY Masson's trichrome staining no Cortical Bone Derived Stem Cells reduce fibroblast to myofibroblast transition and differentiation in adult cardiac fibroblasts via miR-18a-5p. 32656212 Cortical Bone Derived Stem Cells Modulate Cardiac Fibroblast Response via miR-18a in the Heart After Injury 2020 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-33 MI0000707 miRBase miRNA up-regulation LIPID RAFT PI3K-AKT SIGNALING PATHWAY Echocardiography; PCR etc. no "Deficiency of miR-33 impaired cardiac fibroblast proliferation, which was considered to be caused by altered lipid raft cholesterol content. miR-33 is involved in cardiac remodeling, and it preserves lipid raft cholesterol content in fibroblasts and maintains adaptive fibrotic responses in the remodeling heart." 27920122 MicroRNA-33 Controls Adaptive Fibrotic Response in the Remodeling Heart byPreserving Lipid Raft Cholesterol 2017 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-200b MI0000243 miRBase miRNA down-regulation DNMT3A NA immunohistochemistry; qRT-PCR no DNMT3A regulation of miR-200b controls cardiac fibroblast autophagy during cardiac fibrosis. 29786779 DNMT3A controls miR-200b in cardiac fibroblast autophagy and cardiac fibrosis 2018 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-10a MI0000685 miRBase miRNA up-regulation BCL6 TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY GO; pathway enrichment analyses; dual-luciferase reporter assay no "Down-regulation of miR-10a may inhibit collagen formation, reduce atrial structure remodeling, and decrease proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs), eventually suppressing cardiac fibrosis in af rats via inhibition of the TGF-beta1/smads signaling pathway." 30683806 Modulation of miR-10a-mediated TGF-beta1/Smads signaling affects atrial fibrillation-induced cardiac fibrosis and cardiac fibroblast proliferation. 2019 heart diabetic_cardiomyopathy mus_musculus mir-30c-1 MI0000547 miRBase miRNA down-regulation CDC42;PAK1 NA NA no Downregulation of miR-30c mediates prohypertrophic effects of hyperglycemia in diabetes cardiomyopathy (DCM) by upregulation of Cdc42 and Pak3 genes. 25781190 MiR-30c Mediates Upregulation of Cdc42 and Pak1 in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy 2015 heart diabetic_cardiomyopathy mus_musculus mir-30c-2 MI0000548 miRBase miRNA down-regulation CDC42;PAK1 NA NA no Downregulation of miR-30c mediates prohypertrophic effects of hyperglycemia in diabetes cardiomyopathy (DCM) by upregulation of Cdc42 and Pak4 genes. 25781190 MiR-30c Mediates Upregulation of Cdc42 and Pak1 in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy 2015 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus mir-140 MI0000165 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA MAPK SIGNALING PATHWAY qRT-PCR; Masson's trichrome staining etc. yes Ellagic acid improved ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction by up-regulating miR-140-3p expression and inhibiting MKK6 expression. 28922712 Ellagic acid promotes ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction by up-regulating miR-140-3p 2017 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus mir-146a MI0000170 miRBase miRNA down-regulation EGR1 NF-KAPPA B SIGNALING PATHWAY dual-luciferase reporter assay no Exosomes derived from miR-146a-modified adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) attenuated ami-induced myocardial damage via downregulation of EGR1. 30362610 Exosomes derived from miR-146a-modified adipose-derived stem cells attenuate acute myocardial infarction-induced myocardial damage via downregulation of early growth response factor 1 2019 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-378 MI0000795 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA MAPK SIGNALING PATHWAY qRT-PCR; no "Expression levels of microrna-378-containing microvesicles (MVs) decreased, and the mapk pathway was activated during the process of myocardial fibrosis (MF) , which further aggravated MF." 31173314 MicroRNA-378 attenuates myocardial fibrosis by inhibiting MAPK/ERK pathway 2019 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-214 MI0000698 miRBase miRNA down-regulation EZH1;EZH2 NF-KAPPA B SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; immunofluorescence etc. no "Ezh1 was novel targets of miR-214-3p,miR-214-3p inhibited the expression of Col1a1 and Col3a1 in mouse myofibroblasts and miR-214-3p might be one potential miRNA for the prevention of cardiac fibrosis." 27823969 Targeting EZH1 and EZH2 contributes to the suppression of fibrosis-associated genes by miR-214-3p in cardiac myofibroblasts 2016 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-433 MI0001525 miRBase miRNA up-regulation AZIN1;JNK1 MAPK SIGNALING PATHWAY immunofluorescence; PCR; etc. no "Forced expression of miR-433 in neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts increased proliferation and their differentiation into myofibroblasts,AZIN1 and JNK1 were identified as two target genes of miR-433. Decreased level of azin1 activated TGF-beta1 while down-regulation of JNK1 resulted in activation of ERK and p38 kinase leading to smad3 activation and ultimately cardiac fibrosis." 27698941 Crucial Role of miR-433 in Regulating Cardiac Fibrosis 2016 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-433 MI0001525 miRBase miRNA up-regulation AZIN1;JNK1 MAPK SIGNALING PATHWAY immunofluorescence; PCR; etc. no "Forced expression of miR-433 in neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts increased proliferation and their differentiation into myofibroblasts,AZIN1 and JNK1 were identified as two target genes of miR-433. Decreased level of azin1 activated TGF-beta1 while down-regulation of JNK1 resulted in activation of ERK and p38 kinase leading to smad4 activation and ultimately cardiac fibrosis." 27698941 Crucial Role of miR-433 in Regulating Cardiac Fibrosis 2016 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA down-regulation PTEN-MMP2 PI3K-AKT SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; immunofluorescence etc. no Gas5 plays a suppressive role in cardiac fibrosis via negative regulation of miR-21. Gas5 that upregulated or downregulated the expression of PTEN through miR-21 in cardiac fibroblasts. 28526319 LncRNA GAS5 controls cardiac fibroblast activation and fibrosis by targeting miR-21 via PTEN/MMP-2 signaling pathway 2017 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-455 MI0004679 miRBase miRNA down-regulation CTGF NA PCR; dual-luciferase reporter assay etc. no "H19 knockdown could enhance the antifibrotic role of miR-455 and attenuate the CTGF expression and further decrease fibrosis-associated protein synthesis (collagen i, iii, and a-SMA)." 28753062 Long Noncoding RNA H19 Acts as a Competing Endogenous RNA to Mediate CTGF Expression by Sponging miR-455 in Cardiac Fibrosis 2017 heart atrial_fibrillation mus_musculus mir-27b MI0000142 miRBase miRNA up-regulation CX40 NA qRT-PCR; no "Heart failure(HF) may increase the vulnerability to atrial arrhythmia by down-regulation of CX40 via miR-27b, rather than fibrosis, which is independent of inflammation." 26654778 High-fat diet increases vulnerability to atrial arrhythmia by conduction disturbance via miR-27b 2016 heart cardiomegaly mus_musculus mir-221 MI0000709 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no Heart failure-associated downregulation of the miRNA-221/222 family enables profibrotic signaling in the pressure-overloaded heart. 29255073 MicroRNA-221/222 Family Counteracts Myocardial Fibrosis in Pressure Overload-Induced Heart Failure 2018 heart myocardical_ischemia mus_musculus mir-377 MI0000794 miRBase miRNA down-regulation VEGF NA dual-luciferase reporter assay; no "Hypoxia-responsive miR-377 directly targets VEGF in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and knockdown of endogenous miR-377 promotes MSC-induced angiogenesis in the infarcted myocardium." 25251394 MicroRNA-377 regulates mesenchymal stem cell-induced angiogenesis in ischemic hearts by targeting VEGF 2014 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-34c MI0000403 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA VEGF SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; dual-luciferase reporter assay etc. no "Improved outcome in lna-antimiR-34-treated myocardial infarction (MI) and transverse aortic constriction (TAC) mice was accompanied by up-regulation of several direct miR-34 targets, including vascular endothelial growth factors, vinculin, protein o-fucosyltranferase 1, NOTCH1, and semaphorin 4b, silencing of the entire miR-36 family can protect the heart against pathological cardiac remodeling and improve function." 23047694 Therapeutic inhibition of the miR-34 family attenuates pathological cardiac remodeling and improves heart function 2012 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-34b MI0000404 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA VEGF SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; dual-luciferase reporter assay etc. no "Improved outcome in lna-antimiR-34-treated myocardial infarction (MI) and transverse aortic constriction (TAC) mice was accompanied by up-regulation of several direct miR-34 targets, including vascular endothelial growth factors, vinculin, protein o-fucosyltranferase 1, NOTCH1, and semaphorin 4b, silencing of the entire miR-37 family can protect the heart against pathological cardiac remodeling and improve function." 23047694 Therapeutic inhibition of the miR-34 family attenuates pathological cardiac remodeling and improves heart function 2012 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-34a MI0000584 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA PCR; immunofluorescence etc. no "Improved outcome in lna-antimiR-34-treated myocardial infarction (MI) and transverse aortic constriction (TAC) mice was accompanied by up-regulation of several direct miR-34 targets, including vascular endothelial growth factors, vinculin, protein o-fucosyltranferase 1, NOTCH1, and semaphorin 4b, silencing of the entire miR-34 family can protect the heart against pathological cardiac remodeling and improve function." 23047694 Therapeutic inhibition of the miR-34 family attenuates pathological cardiac remodeling and improves heart function 2012 heart diabetic_cardiomyopathy mus_musculus mir-146 MI0000170 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA PCR; Masson's trichrome staining etc. no Increased inflammatory cytokine and extracellular matrix protein productions and associated cardiac functional alterations are regulated by endothelial miR-146a. 28279663 MiR-146a mediates inflammatory changes and fibrosis in the heart in diabetes 2017 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-155 MI0000177 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY qRT-PCR no Inhibiting miR-155 may have potential as an adjunct to reduce cardiac inflammation in the treatment of cardiac fibrosis. 28944921 Inhibition of microRNA-155 ameliorates cardiac fibrosis in the process of angiotensin II-induced cardiac remodeling 2017 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-27b MI0000142 miRBase miRNA up-regulation FBW7 NA MTT ASSAY no Inhibition of miR-28b abrogated the coronary artery ligation (CAL) induced cardiac fibrosis in vivo. 31881012 MicroRNA 27b promotes cardiac fibrosis by targeting the FBW7/Snail pathway 2019 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-22 MI0000570 miRBase miRNA up-regulation CAV3 CALCIUM SIGNALING PATHWAY qRT-PCR; immunofluorescence etc. no Ir-22 accelerates cardiac fibrosis through the miR-22-CAV3-PKC pathway. 29486470 Abnormal Downregulation of Caveolin-3 Mediates the Pro-Fibrotic Action of MicroRNA-22 in a Model of Myocardial Infarction 2018 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus miR-29a-3p MIMAT0000535 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA NA yes "Leonurine Attenuates exerts cardioprotective effects against myocardial Fibrosis, possibly through the upregulation of miR-29a-3p." 33235025 Leonurine Attenuates Myocardial Fibrosis through Upregulation of miR-29a-3p in Mice Post-myocardial Infarction 2020 heart cardiomegaly mus_musculus let-7a-1 MI0000556 miRBase miRNA down-regulation CAM NA RT-PCR; dual-luciferase reporter assay; no Let-7a possesses a prominent anti-hypertrophic property by targeting CAM genes. 28123343 Let-7a Is an Antihypertrophic Regulator in the Heart via Targeting Calmodulin 2017 heart cardiomegaly mus_musculus let-7a-2 MI0000557 miRBase miRNA down-regulation CAM NA RT-PCR; dual-luciferase reporter assay; no Let-8a possesses a prominent anti-hypertrophic property by targeting CAM genes. 28123343 Let-7a Is an Antihypertrophic Regulator in the Heart via Targeting Calmodulin 2017 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-199a-2 MI0000713 miRBase miRNA up-regulation SFRP5 NA qRT-PCR; dual-luciferase reporter assay etc. no "Microrna-199a deficiency can inhibit the proliferative and migratory potentials of cardiac fibroblasts, as well as cardiac fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transformation (CMT) by targeting SFRP5, thus exerting the protective effect on myocardial fibrosis." 31115026 MicroRNA-199a regulates myocardial fibrosis in rats by targeting SFRP5 2019 heart ventricular_dysfunction mus_musculus mir-27a MI0000578 miRBase miRNA down-regulation FOX1 NA qRT-PCR; dual-luciferase reporter assay no Microrna-27a knockout could induce cardiac dysfunction in mice. 31298345 Loss of microRNA-27a induces cardiac dysfunction through activating FoxO1 2019 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-29b-2 MI0000712 miRBase miRNA down-regulation SH2B3 NA dual-luciferase reporter assay; qRT-PCR; etc. no Microrna-29b overexpression alleviates myocardial fibrosis and cardiac dysfunction in rats through targeting SH2B3. 31799683 MicroRNA-29b upregulation improves myocardial fibrosis and cardiac function in myocardial infarction rats through targeting SH2B3 2019 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-29b 387223 Gene miRNA down-regulation SH2B3 NA dual-luciferase reporter assay; qRT-PCR; etc. no Microrna-29b overexpression alleviates myocardial fibrosis and cardiac dysfunction in rats through targeting SH2B4. 31799683 MicroRNA-29b upregulation improves myocardial fibrosis and cardiac function in myocardial infarction rats through targeting SH2B3 2019 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-29b-1 MI0000143 miRBase miRNA down-regulation SH2B3 NA dual-luciferase reporter assay; qRT-PCR; etc. no Microrna-29b overexpression alleviates myocardial fibrosis and cardiac dysfunction in rats through targeting SH2B5. 31799683 MicroRNA-29b upregulation improves myocardial fibrosis and cardiac function in myocardial infarction rats through targeting SH2B3 2019 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus mir-101a MI0000148 miRBase miRNA down-regulation RUNX1 TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY dual-luciferase reporter assay no miR-101 plays a protective role against cardiac remodeling following myocardial infarction (MI) via inactivation of the runx1-dependent transforming growth factor beta1/smad family member 2 signaling pathway. 31766975 MicroRNA-101 Protects Against Cardiac Remodeling Following Myocardial Infarction via Downregulation of Runt-Related Transcription Factor 1 2019 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-101a MI0000148 miRBase miRNA down-regulation TGFBR1 TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; immunofluorescence etc. no "miR-101a exerts anti-fibrotic effects by targeting TGF-betaRi, suggesting that miR-101a plays a multi-faceted role in modulating TGF-beta signaling pathway and cardiac fibrosis." 25591764 MicroRNA-101a inhibits cardiac fibrosis induced by hypoxia via targeting TGFBRI on cardiac fibroblasts 2015 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-101a MI0000148 miRBase miRNA down-regulation TGFBR1 TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY qPCR; dual-luciferase reporter assay etc. no "miR-101a, introduced early after imposition of abnormal pressure loading, inhibits TGF-beta signaling, reduces cardiac fibrosis and preserves Left ventricular (LV) function." 30053527 MicroRNA-101a suppresses fibrotic programming in isolated cardiac fibroblasts and in vivo fibrosis following trans-aortic constriction 2018 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-125b-1 MI0000725 miRBase miRNA up-regulation APELIN TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY MTT ASSAY; PCR; Masson's trichrome staining; immunohistochemistry; etc. no miR-125b is necessary and sufficient for the induction of fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition by functionally targeting Apelin and inhibits p53 to induce fibroblast proliferation. 26585673 MiR-125b is Critical for Fibroblast-to-Myofibroblast Transition and Cardiac Fibrosis 2016 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-125b-1 MI0000725 miRBase miRNA up-regulation SFRP5 NA PCR etc. no "miR-125b promotes the proliferation and migration of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) and inhibits their apoptosis, while SFRP5 exhibits the opposite effects.These results indicate that miR-125b can regulate SFRP5 expression and thus influence the growth and activation of CFs." 27592695 MiR-125b Regulates SFRP5 Expression to Promote Growth and Activation of Cardiac Fibroblasts 2016 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-125b-2 MI0000152 miRBase miRNA up-regulation SFRP5 NA PCR etc. no "miR-125b promotes the proliferation and migration of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) and inhibits their apoptosis, while SFRP5 exhibits the opposite effects.These results indicate that miR-125b can regulate SFRP6 expression and thus influence the growth and activation of CFs." 27592695 MiR-125b Regulates SFRP5 Expression to Promote Growth and Activation of Cardiac Fibroblasts 2016 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus mir-128-2 MI0000726 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA NA no miR-128 serves as a critical regulator of endogenous contrast medium (CM) proliferation. 29453456 Loss of microRNA-128 promotes cardiomyocyte proliferation and heart regeneration 2018 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus mir-128-1 MI0000155 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA NA no miR-128 serves as a critical regulator of endogenous contrast medium (CM) proliferation. 29453456 Loss of microRNA-128 promotes cardiomyocyte proliferation and heart regeneration 2018 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus mir-130a MI0000156 miRBase miRNA up-regulation PPAR gama NA RT-PCR; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay etc. no miR-130 knockdown alleviates infarction-induced myocardial injury by promoting PPAR-gama expression. 29761875 MiR-130 aggravates acute myocardial infarction-induced myocardial injury by targeting PPAR-gama 2018 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus mir-130b MI0000408 miRBase miRNA up-regulation PPAR gama NA RT-PCR; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay etc. no miR-130 knockdown alleviates infarction-induced myocardial injury by promoting PPAR-gama expression. 29761875 MiR-130 aggravates acute myocardial infarction-induced myocardial injury by targeting PPAR-gama 2018 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-130a MI0000156 miRBase miRNA up-regulation PPAR gama NA NA no miR-130a plays a critical role in cardiac fibrosis by directly targeting peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gama. 29114000 "MicroRNA-130a, a Potential Antifibrotic Target in Cardiac Fibrosis" 2017 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-133a-2 MI0000820 miRBase miRNA down-regulation B1-ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; immunofluorescence etc. no miR-133 controls multiple components of the B1AR transduction cascade and is cardioprotective during heart failure. 24807785 MicroRNA-133 modulates the B1-adrenergic receptor transduction cascade 2014 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-133a-1 MI0000159 miRBase miRNA down-regulation SRF;CCTGF NA PCR; immunofluorescence etc. no miR-133a acts as a repressor of SRF and CTGF expression; A simultaneous overexpression of SRF by ADSRF-VP16 and inhibition of miR-133a by a specific antimiR increase CTGF expression; miR-133a overexpression can block the upregulation of CTGF. 26440278 Regulation of Connective Tissue Growth Factor and Cardiac Fibrosis by an SRF/MicroRNA-133a Axis 2015 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-135a MI0000908 miRBase miRNA down-regulation TRPM7 NA NA no miR-135a inhibits cardiac fibrosis via miR-135a-TRPM7-collagen production pathway. 29775892 MicroRNA-135a inhibits cardiac fibrosis induced by isoproterenol via TRPM7 channel 2018 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-142a MI0000167 miRBase miRNA down-regulation HMGB1 TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; MTT ASSAY etc. no "miR-142-3p inhibits h/r-induced apoptosis and fibrosis of cardiomyocytes, partly at least, by the direct inhibition of HMGB1 expression." 28025989 MicroRNA-142-3p inhibits hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced apoptosis and fibrosis of cardiomyocytes by targeting high mobility group box 1 2016 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus mir-144 MI0000168 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA Echocardiography no miR-144 has potential as a therapeutic agent after myocardial infarction (MI). 30084039 Intravenous miR-144 reduces left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction 2018 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus mir-144 MI0000168 miRBase miRNA down-regulation ZEB1;LOX1 NA hydroxyproline; post picosirius red staining; Echocardiography etc. no miR-144 is involved in extracellular matrix remodeling post myocardial infarction (MI) and its loss leads to increased myocardial fibrosis and impaired functional recovery. 30443020 Loss of miR-144 signaling interrupts extracellular matrix remodeling after myocardial infarction leading to worsened cardiac function 2018 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-150 MI0000172 miRBase miRNA down-regulation C-MYDI NA PCR; Masson's trichrome staining etc. no miR-150 acts as a pivotal regulator of pressure overload-induced cardiac fibrosis by regulating c-MYB. 27184887 MicroRNA-150 Inhibits the Activation of Cardiac Fibroblasts by Regulating c-Myb 2016 heart cardiomegaly mus_musculus mir-155 MI0000177 miRBase miRNA up-regulation JARID2 NA NA no miR-155 as an inducer of pathological cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and suggest that inhibition of endogenous miR-155 might have clinical potential to suppress cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. 24657879 Loss of MicroRNA-155 protects the heart from pathological cardiac hypertrophy 2014 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-155 MI0000177 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay etc. no miR-155 deficiency could prevent cardiac fibrosis induced by diabetes in mice and also that attenuated collagen synthesis is induced by high glucose (HG) in cardiac fibrosis.miR-155 regulated cardiac fibrosis via the TGF-beta1-smad 2 signaling pathway. 27924974 MiR-155 regulates high glucose-induced cardiac fibrosis via the TGF-B signaling pathway 2016 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus mir-155 MI0000177 miRBase miRNA up-regulation SOCS1 NF-KAPPA B SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no miR-155 inhibition attenuates endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis after myocardial infarction (MI) via reducing macrophage inflammation through the socs1/NF-KB pathway. 31207208 MicroRNA-155 inhibition attenuates endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis following myocardial infarction via reducing macrophage inflammation/Inhibition of microRNA-155 attenuates sympathetic neural remodeling following myocardial infarction via reducing M1 macrophage polarization and inflammatory responses in mice 2019 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-181a-2 MI0000223 miRBase miRNA up-regulation TGFBRIII NA MTT ASSAY; qRT-PCR; etc. no miR-181a had a role in the progression of myocardial fibrosis. 29908129 The Role of MicroRNA-181a in Myocardial Fibrosis Following Myocardial Infarction in a Rat Model 2018 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-195 MI0000939 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY Echocardiography; qPCR etc. no miR-195 promotes myocardial fibrosis in myocardial infarction rats via up-regulating the TGF-beta1/smad signaling pathway. 32914608 MiR-195 promotes myocardial fibrosis in MI rats via targeting TGF-beta1/Smad 2020 heart ventricular_dysfunction mus_musculus mir-1a-2 MI0000652 miRBase miRNA down-regulation ND1;COX1 NA qRT-PCR; immunohistochemistry etc. no miR-1a-3p alleviated the symptoms of isoproterenol (ISO)-induced heart failure(HF) in mice by enhancing mitochondrial ND1 and Cox1. 30853447 MiR-1a-3p mitigates isoproterenol-induced heart failure by enhancing the expression of mitochondrial ND1 and COX1 2019 heart ventricular_dysfunction mus_musculus mir-1a-1 MI0000139 miRBase miRNA down-regulation ND1;COX1 NA qRT-PCR; immunohistochemistry etc. no miR-1a-3p alleviated the symptoms of isoproterenol (ISO)-induced heart failure(HF) in mice by enhancing mitochondrial ND1 and Cox2. 30853447 MiR-1a-3p mitigates isoproterenol-induced heart failure by enhancing the expression of mitochondrial ND1 and COX1 2019 heart diabetic_cardiomyopathy mus_musculus mir-200b MI0000243 miRBase miRNA down-regulation CD36 PPAR SIGNALING PATHWAY qRT-PCR; dual-luciferase reporter assay etc. no miR-200b-3p targeted CD36 to regulate cardiocyte apoptosis of diabetes cardiomyopathy (DCM) by activating PPAR-gama signaling pathway. 30506990 Microarray profiling analysis identifies the mechanism of miR-200b-3p/mRNA-CD36 affecting diabetic cardiomyopathy via peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-gama signaling pathway 2019 heart myocardical_ischemia mus_musculus mir-202 MI0000245 miRBase miRNA down-regulation TRPM6 TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY dual-luciferase reporter assay no miR-202-3p offers protection against ventricular remodeling after myocardial i/r injury via activation of the TGF-beta/smads signaling pathway. 30810438 Overexpression of microRNA-202-3p protects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury through activation of TGF-beta1/Smads signaling pathway by targeting TRPM6 2019 heart heart_failure mus_musculus mir-208a MI0000555 miRBase miRNA down-regulation ENDOGLIN NA PCR; Masson's trichrome staining etc. no miR-208a increased endoglin expression to induce myocardial fibrosis in volume overloaded heart failure. Treatment with atorvastatin can attenuate the myocardial fibrosis induced by volume overload through inhibition of endoglin expression. 24392114 MicroRNA-208a Increases Myocardial Fibrosis via Endoglin in Volume Overloading Heart 2014 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus mir-208a MI0000555 miRBase miRNA up-regulation ENDOGLIN NA PCR; immunofluorescence etc. no miR-208a increases endoglin expression to induce myocardial fibrosis in rats with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Treatment with atorvastatin and valsartan can decrease myocardial fibrosis induced by AMI through attenuating miR-208a and endoglin expression. 25936493 MicroRNA-208a Increases Myocardial Endoglin Expression and Myocardial Fibrosis in Acute Myocardial Infarction 2015 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus mir-208b MI0005552 miRBase miRNA down-regulation GATA4 NA dual-luciferase reporter assay no "miR-208b via GATA4 in post-infarction myocardial fibrosis, providing a potential therapeutic target for treating myocardial fibrosis." 27236543 MicroRNA-208b Alleviates Post-Infarction Myocardial Fibrosis in a Rat Model by Inhibiting GATA4 2016 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY qRT-PCR; etc. no miR-21 contributes to the myocardial fibrosis in chronic viral myocarditis (CVMC) mice through modulating TGF-beta/smad7 signaling pathway. 29925181 The effect of microRNA-21 on myocardial fibrosis in mice with chronic viral myocarditis 2018 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA up-regulation SPRY1 MAPK SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; immunofluorescence etc. no "miR-21 levels are increased selectively in fibroblasts of the failing heart, augmenting ERK-MAP kinase activity through inhibition of sprouty homologue 1 (SPRY1). In vivo silencing of miR-21 by a specific antagomiR in a mouse pressure-overload-induced disease model reduces cardiac ERK-MAP kinase activity, inhibits interstitial fibrosis and attenuates cardiac dysfunction." 19043405 MicroRNA-21 contributes to myocardial disease by stimulating MAP kinase signalling in fibroblasts 2008 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA up-regulation GDF15;RSAD2 NA RT-PCR; DEG network analysis no "miR-21 may play the role of fibrosis and G2/M blockade in regulating Grem1, Clu, Gdf15, CCl7, Cxcl1, and Rsad2 post-irradiation." 33354435 "MiR-21 is upregulated, promoting fibrosis and blocking G2/M in irradiated rat cardiac fibroblasts" 2020 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA up-regulation CADM1 JAK-STAT SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; Masson's trichrome staining etc. no "miR-21 overexpression promotes cardiac fibrosis via STAT3 signaling pathway by decrease CADM1 expression, indicating miR-21 as an important signaling molecule for cardiac fibrotic remodeling and atrial fibrillation(AF)." 28335740 MiR-21 enhances cardiac fibrotic remodeling and fibroblast proliferation via CADM1/STAT3 pathway 2017 heart myocarditis mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA MAPK SIGNALING PATHWAY etc. no miR-21 plays a protective role in the cardiac pathology triggered by excess aldosterone. 30153065 "MicroRNA-21 ablation exacerbates aldosterone-mediated cardiac injury, remodeling, and dysfunction" 2018 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA up-regulation BCL-2 NA PCR; immunofluorescence etc. no miR-21 promoted the development of hfpef by up-regulating the expression of anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2 and thereby suppressing the apoptosis of cardiac fibrosis. 24551276 MicroRNA-21 promotes cardiac fibrosis and development of heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction by up-regulating Bcl-2 2014 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus mir-214 MI0000698 miRBase miRNA down-regulation MMP-1;TIMP-1 TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; Masson's trichrome staining no miR-214 exerts cardio-protective effects by inhibition of fibrosis and the inhibitory effect involves TGF-beta1 suppression and MMP-1/TIMP-1 regulation. 27357906 MicroRNA-214 Exerts a Cardio-Protective Effect by Inhibition of Fibrosis 2016 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-214 MI0000698 miRBase miRNA down-regulation MFN2 MAPK SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; immunohistochemistry etc. no "miR-214 mediates cardiac fibroblast (CF) proliferation and collagen synthesis via inhibition of MFN2 and activation of ERK1/2 mapk signalling, downregulation of miR-214 by antagonists attenuated the proliferation and collagen synthesis." 26692091 MicroRNA-214 Mediates Isoproterenol-induced Proliferation and Collagen Synthesis in Cardiac Fibroblasts 2015 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-214-3p MI0000698 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NLRC5 NA Masson's trichrome staining; cell counting kit-8 analysis; qRT-PCR etc. no miR-214-3p exacerbates cardiac fibrosis and reveal a novel miR-214-3p/NLRC5 axis in the regulation of cardiac fibrosis. 31434695 The deficiency of miR-214-3p exacerbates cardiac fibrosis via miR-214-3p/NLRC5 axis 2019 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-22 MI0000570 miRBase miRNA up-regulation MIMECAN NA Scratch wound assay; PCR etc. no miR-22 upregulation in the aging heart contributed at least partly to accelerated cardiac fibroblast senescence and increased migratory activity. 22538858 MicroRNA-22 increases senescence and activates cardiac fibroblasts in the aging heart 2013 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-223 MI0000703 miRBase miRNA up-regulation RASA1 RAS SIGNALING PATHWAY;MAPK SIGNALING PATHWAY immunofluorescence; RT-PCR; etc. no "miR-223 enhanced cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation in cardiac fibroblasts, thus mediated cardiac fibrosis after myocardial infarction partially via the involvement of RASA1." 29689569 MicroRNA-223 Regulates Cardiac Fibrosis After Myocardial Infarction by Targeting RASA1 2018 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-223 MI0000703 miRBase miRNA down-regulation TWIST1;TGFBR2 NA immunohistochemistry; RT-PCR; no miR-223 may inhibit the activation of fibrosis-related signaling pathway in cardiomyocytes by down-regulating the expression of twist1 and TGF-betaR2 genes. 32746603 Effect and mechanism of miR-223 on fibrosis-related signaling pathway in rat cardiomyocytes 2020 heart ventricular_dysfunction mus_musculus mir-23b MI0000141 miRBase miRNA up-regulation GIF1;PTEN PI3K-AKT SIGNALING PATHWAY;TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY dual-luciferase reporter assay; qPCR no miR-23b is a critical contributor to the activation of cardiac fibrosis to mediate the development of myocardial dysfunction in late sepsis. 29710503 Inhibition of microRNA-23b prevents polymicrobial sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction by modulating TGIF1 and PTEN 2018 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-24-2 MI0000572 miRBase miRNA down-regulation FURIN TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; Masson's trichrome staining no miR-24 exerted its function via targeting furin and hence inhibiting TGF-beta1 activation. The present study thus investigated the role of miR-24 and furin/TGF-beta1 in rat myocardial fibrosis. 28055991 "Role of miR-24, Furin, and Transforming Growth Factor-b1 Signal Pathway in Fibrosis After Cardiac Infarction" 2017 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-24-1 MI0000231 miRBase miRNA down-regulation FURIN TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; Masson's trichrome staining no miR-24 exerted its function via targeting furin and hence inhibiting TGF-beta1 activation. The present study thus investigated the role of miR-24 and furin/TGF-beta1 in rat myocardial fibrosis. 28055991 "Role of miR-24, Furin, and Transforming Growth Factor-b1 Signal Pathway in Fibrosis After Cardiac Infarction" 2017 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-25 MI0000689 miRBase miRNA down-regulation HMGB1 TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY flow cytometery; qRT-PCR etc. no miR-25 against fibrosis and apoptosis human cells were due to direct targeting of HMGB1 through the downregulation of the TGF-beta1/smad3 signaling pathway. 27513215 Protective effects of miR-25 against hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced fibrosis and apoptosis of H9c2 cells 2016 heart heart_failure mus_musculus mir-25 MI0000689 miRBase miRNA down-regulation SERCA2A NA RT-PCR; no miR-25 is an effective long-term suppressor of miR-25 and a promising therapeutic candidate to treat heart failure. 29273502 MiR-25 Tough Decoy Enhances Cardiac Function in Heart Failure 2018 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-26a-1 MI0000573 miRBase miRNA down-regulation COLLAGEN I;CTGF NF-KAPPA B SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; immunofluorescence etc. no "miR-26a has targets collagen i and CTGF and possesses putative NF-KB binding element in its promoter region, inhibition of NF-KB in cardiac fibroblast restores miR-26a expression, attenuating collagen i, and CTGF gene expression in the presence of ang ii, conferring a feedback regulatory mechanism in cardiac fibrosis." 23254997 NF-kB Mediated miR-26a Regulation in Cardiac Fibrosis 2012 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-26a MI0000573 miRBase miRNA down-regulation COLLAGEN I;CTGF NF-KAPPA B SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; immunofluorescence etc. no "miR-26a has targets collagen i and CTGF and possesses putative NF-KB binding element in its promoter region, inhibition of NF-KB in cardiac fibroblast restores miR-26a expression, attenuating collagen i, and CTGF gene expression in the presence of ang ii, conferring a feedback regulatory mechanism in cardiac fibrosis." 23254997 NF-kB Mediated miR-26a Regulation in Cardiac Fibrosis 2012 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-26a-2 MI0000706 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA P53 SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no miR-26a inhibited cardiac fibroblast proliferation by the enhancer of zeste Homolog 2/p21 pathway. 32865120 MicroRNA-26a Protects the Heart Against Hypertension-Induced Myocardial Fibrosis 2020 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-26a-1 MI0000573 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA P53 SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no miR-26a inhibited cardiac fibroblast proliferation by the enhancer of zeste Homolog 2/p21 pathway. 32865120 MicroRNA-26a Protects the Heart Against Hypertension-Induced Myocardial Fibrosis 2020 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus mir-26a MI0000573 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA NA no miR-26a reduced myocardial infarction (MI) development by affecting ataxia-telangiectasia mutated expression and could be targeted in the treatment of myocardial infarction (MI). 31990056 MiR-26a attenuates cardiac apoptosis and fibrosis by targeting ataxia-telangiectasia mutated in myocardial infarction 2020 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus mir-26a MI0000573 miRBase miRNA up-regulation PTEN PI3K-AKT SIGNALING PATHWAY qRT-PCR; dual-luciferase reporter assay no "miR-26a upregulation may play a role in myocardial fibrosis after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) by suppressing PTEN, enhancing PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and mmp-9 levels." 29424913 The targeted regulation of miR-26a on PTEN-PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in myocardial fibrosis after myocardial infarction 2018 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-26b MI0000575 miRBase miRNA down-regulation PTGS2 MAPK SIGNALING PATHWAY microarray data analysis no "miR-26b inhibits PTGS22 to activate the mapk pathway, so as to reduce inflammatory response and improve myocardial remodeling in mice with myocardial infarction (MI)." 30679074 MicroRNA-26b relieves inflammatory response and myocardial remodeling of mice with myocardial infarction by suppression of MAPK pathway through binding to PTGS2 2019 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-27b MI0000142 miRBase miRNA up-regulation MMP13 NA qRT-PCR no miR-27b might promote cardiac fibrosis through inhibiting MMP13. 22425951 Cardiomycyte overexpression of miR-27b resulted in cardiac fibrosis and mitochondria injury in mice 2012 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-29a MI0000576 miRBase miRNA down-regulation DNMT3A NA RT-qPCR; dual-luciferase reporter assay no miR-29a reduced the activation and proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) to improve cardiac fibrosis probably by the downregulation of DNMT3A. 30297596 MicroRNA-29a inhibits cardiac fibrosis in Sprague-Dawley rats by downregulating the expression of DNMT3A 2018 heart heart_failure mus_musculus mir-29a MI0000576 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NFATC4 NA PCR; dual-luciferase reporter assay etc. no miR-29a-3p inhibits cardiomyocyte hypertrophy via inhibiting NFATC4 expression. 26992639 MicroRNA-29a-3p attenuates ET-1-induced hypertrophic responses in H9c2 cardiomyocytes 2016 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-22 MI0000570 miRBase miRNA down-regulation PTAFR NA qRT-PCR; cell counting kit-8 analysis etc. no "miR-30b-5p and miR-22-3p exerted the suppression of fibrogenesis in ang ii-treated cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) via targeting PTAFR, insinuating the indicative roles of miR-30b-5p and miR-22-3p in the fibrogenesis process." 32329883 MiR-30b-5p and miR-22-3p restrain the fibrogenesis of post-myocardial infarction in mice via targeting PTAFR 2020 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-30b MI0000145 miRBase miRNA down-regulation PTAFR NA qRT-PCR; cell counting kit-9 analysis etc. no "miR-30b-5p and miR-22-3p exerted the suppression of fibrogenesis in ang ii-treated cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) via targeting PTAFR, insinuating the indicative roles of miR-30b-5p and miR-22-3p in the fibrogenesis process." 32329883 MiR-30b-5p and miR-22-3p restrain the fibrogenesis of post-myocardial infarction in mice via targeting PTAFR 2020 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-30e MI0000259 miRBase miRNA down-regulation SNAIL TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; dual-luciferase reporter assay etc. no miR-30e suppressed Snai1/TGF-beta pathway which was involved in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced cardiac remodeling. 28777253 MiR-30e attenuates isoproterenol-induced cardiac fibrosis through suppressing Snai1/TGFB signaling 2017 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus mir-31 MI0000579 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA qRT-PCR; reporter gene assays no miR-31 induction after myocardial infarction (MI) is deleterious to cardiac function while its therapeutic inhibition in vivo ameliorates cardiac dysfunction and prevents the development of post-ischemic adverse remodeling. 28865712 MicroRNA-31 promotes adverse cardiac remodeling and dysfunction in ischemic heart disease 2017 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-323a NA NA miRNA up-regulation TIMP3 TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY MTT ASSAY; RT-PCR; etc. no miR-323a-3p promotes cardiac fibrosis via miR-323a-3p-TIMP3-TGF-beta pathway. 30415251 MicroRNA-323a-3p Promotes Pressure Overload-Induced Cardiac Fibrosis by Targeting TIMP3 2018 heart atrial_fibrillation mus_musculus mir-324 MI0000595 miRBase miRNA down-regulation TGF-beta1 PI3K-AKT SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no miR-324-3p mimics treatment suppressed the PI3k/Akt signaling pathway in fibroblast. 33191361 MiR-324-3p Regulates Fibroblast Proliferation via Targeting TGF-beta1 in Atrial Fibrillation 2020 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus mir-326 MI0000598 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA WNT SIGNALING PATHWAY dual-luciferase reporter assay; qRT-PCR; etc. no miR-326-5p-overexpressing eendothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) improved cardiac function for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) therapy. 31730013 MicroRNA-326-5p enhances therapeutic potential of endothelial progenitor cells for myocardial infarction 2019 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-327 MI0005493 miRBase miRNA up-regulation INTEGRIN beta3 NA NA no miR-327 was demonstrated to target integrin beta3 and diminish the activation of cardiac fibroblast. 29393356 MicroRNA-327 regulates cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis induced by pressure overload 2018 heart cardiomegaly mus_musculus mir-327 MI0005493 miRBase miRNA up-regulation INTEGRIN beta3 NA NA no miR-327 was demonstrated to target integrin beta4 and diminish the activation of cardiac fibroblast. 29393356 MicroRNA-327 regulates cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis induced by pressure overload 2018 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus mir-328 MI0000603 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY immunofluorescence; RT-PCR; etc. no miR-328 derived from contrast medium (CM) as a paracrine signaling mediator of cardiac fibrogenesis further demonstrates. 29689549 Cardiomyocyte Derived miR-328 Promotes Cardiac Fibrosis by Paracrinely Regulating Adjacent Fibroblasts 2018 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus mir-328 MI0000603 miRBase miRNA up-regulation TGFBRIII TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY dual-luciferase reporter assay; PCR; etc. no miR-328 stimulated TGF-beta1 signaling and promoted collagen production in cultured fibroblasts by targeting TGF-betaRiii. 27497782 "MicroRNA-328, a Potential Anti-Fibrotic Target in Cardiac Interstitial Fibrosis" 2016 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-33 MI0000707 miRBase miRNA up-regulation MMP16 MAPK SIGNALING PATHWAY dual-luciferase reporter assay no miR-33 promoted myocardial fibrosis by inhibiting MMP16 and stimulating p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) signaling pathway. 29774121 MiR-33 promotes myocardial fibrosis by inhibiting MMP16 and stimulating p38 MAPK signaling 2018 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus mir-369 MI0003535 miRBase miRNA down-regulation TRPV3 NA qRT-PCR; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; no "miR-369 overexpression significantly suppressed cell apoptosis and inflammatory factor production triggered by hypoxia, whereas miR-369 inhibition had an opposite effect." 33470394 MicroRNA-369 attenuates hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and inflammation via targeting TRPV3 2021 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-370 MI0001165 miRBase miRNA down-regulation TGF-betaRIII TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY qRT-PCR; dual-luciferase reporter assay no "miR-370 also partially blocked TGF-beta1-TGF-betaRii and induced the downstream signal transduction pathways, thus exerting anti-fibrotic effects." 28350072 The role of miR-370 in fibrosis after myocardial infarction 2017 heart cardiomegaly mus_musculus mir-455 MI0004679 miRBase miRNA up-regulation CALRETICULIN NA PCR; immunohistochemistry etc. no "miR-455 replacement therapy markedly reduced myocardial fibrosis and inhibited apoptosis, suggesting that this therapy can prevent maladaptive ventricular remodeling." 25695617 Effects of miRNA-455 on cardiac hypertrophy induced by pressure overload 2015 heart heart_failure mus_musculus mir-487b MI0003534 miRBase miRNA down-regulation IL-33 NA PCR; Masson's trichrome staining; Echocardiography no "miR-487b amerliorates the process of apoptosis, inflammation and fibrosis in heart failure through the iL-33 / ST-2 signaling pathway." 28881679 MiR-487b mitigates chronic heart failure through inhibition of the IL-33/ST2 signaling pathway 2017 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-503 MI0003538 miRBase miRNA up-regulation APLEIN-13 WNT SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; Echocardiography etc. no miR-503 promotes cardiac fibrosis via miR-503-apelin-13-TGF-beta-CTGF-collagen production pathway. 26756969 MicroRNA-503 promotes angiotensin II-induced cardiac fibrosis by targeting Apelin-13 2016 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-675 MI0004123 miRBase miRNA down-regulation TGFBR1 TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY microarray analyses; bioinformatics analyses no miR-675 targets TGF-betaR1 to attenuate TGF-beta1-induced mouse cardiac fibroblast (CF) remodeling and proliferation. 30953355 A novel mechanism of Smads/miR-675/TGFbetaR1 axis modulating the proliferation and remodeling of mouse cardiac fibroblasts 2019 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-7-1 MI0000728 miRBase miRNA up-regulation SP1;PARP1 NA PCR; immunohistochemistry etc. no "miR-7a/b overexpression suppressed specific protein 1 (SP1) and poly polymerase expression both in vivo and in vitro, and a luciferase reporter activity assay showed that miR-7a/b could directly bind to SP1,miR-7a/b as protectors of cardiac remodeling and hypoxia-induced injury in h9c2 cardiomyoblasts involving SP1." 27384152 MiR-7a/b attenuates post-myocardial infarction remodeling and protects H9c2 cardiomyoblast against hypoxia-induced apoptosis involving Sp1 and PARP-1 2016 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus mir-9-1 MI0000720 miRBase miRNA up-regulation FSTL1 NA dual-luciferase reporter assay no miR-9-5p as a mediator of hypoxic injury in cardiomyoblasts and miR-9-5p suppression prevents cardiac remodeling after acute myocardial infarction. 30101604 Inhibition of MicroRNA-9-5p Protects Against Cardiac Remodeling Following Myocardial Infarction in Mice 2019 heart atrial_fibrillation mus_musculus mir-96 MI0000583 miRBase miRNA up-regulation KLF13 NA qRT-PCR; cell counting kit-8 analysis etc. no "miR-96 represses KLF13 expression, subsequently promoting ang-ii-induced proliferation, migration, and collagen production in murine cardiac fibroblasts." 32034721 Downregulation of miR-96 suppresses the profibrogenic functions of cardiac fibroblasts induced by angiotensin II and attenuates atrial fibrosis by upregulating KLF14 2020 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-1297 MI0030349 miRBase miRNA down-regulation ULK1 NA qRT-PCR; dual-luciferase reporter assay no miRNA-1297 suppresses myocardial fibrosis via down-regulating Ulk1. 32141576 MiRNA-1297 inhibits myocardial fibrosis by targeting ULK1 2020 heart cardiomegaly mus_musculus mir-15a MI0000564 miRBase miRNA up-regulation TGFBRI;SMAD3;SMAD7;P53 P53 SIGNALING PATHWAY;TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; Masson's trichrome staining etc. no "miRNA-15 family,inhibits the TGF-beta-pathway by targeting of TGF-betaR1 and several other genes within this pathway directly or indirectly, including p38, smad3, smad7, and endoglin, miR-16 family as a novel regulator of cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis acting by inhibition of the TGF-pathway." 25103110 The microRNA-15 family inhibits the TGFB-pathway in the heart 2014 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-15b MI0000140 miRBase miRNA up-regulation TGFBRI;SMAD3;SMAD7;P53 P53 SIGNALING PATHWAY;TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; Masson's trichrome staining etc. no "miRNA-15 family,inhibits the TGF-beta-pathway by targeting of TGF-betaR1 and several other genes within this pathway directly or indirectly, including p38, smad3, smad7, and endoglin, miR-17 family as a novel regulator of cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis acting by inhibition of the TGF-pathway." 25103110 The microRNA-15 family inhibits the TGFB-pathway in the heart 2014 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-26b MI0000575 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no miRNA-26b was upregulated after removal of TGF-beta from fibroblasts. 31875666 The relationship between miRNA-26b and connective tissue growth factor in rat models of aortic banding and debanding 2019 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus mir-15b MI0000140 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA PCR no "myocardial infarction (MI) down-regulated plasma levels of miRNA 15b-5p and 194-5p in obese and non-obese animals, which were associated with cardiac function, mitochondrial lipids and myocardial fibrosis, with miRNA 15b-5p levels being independently associated with cardiac fibrosis." 30679580 The Impact of Cardiac Lipotoxicity on Cardiac Function and Mirnas Signature in Obese and Non-Obese Rats with Myocardial Infarction 2019 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-27a MI0000578 miRBase miRNA down-regulation SP1;CDC42 NA PCR; dual-luciferase reporter assay etc. yes "Nebivolol, but not atenolol, prevented the decrease in miR-27a and -29a induced by high-salt. Nebivolol and atenolol equally attenuated the decrease in miR-133a. In vitro overexpression of miR-27a,-29a, and -133a inhibited cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and reduced collagen expression." 23460283 "Nebivolol Induces Distinct Changes in Profibrosis MicroRNA Expression Compared With Atenolol, in Salt-Sensitive Hypertensive Rats" 2013 heart heart_failure mus_musculus mir-18a MI0000567 miRBase miRNA up-regulation CTGF;TSP-1 NA PCR; immunofluorescence etc. no "Our data support a role for cardiomyocyte-derived miR-18 during cardiac aging, in the fine-tuning of cardiac extracellular matrix protein levels. During aging, decreased miR-18 and increased CTGF and TSP-1 levels identify the failure-prone heart." 21501375 MicroRNA-18 and microRNA-19 regulate CTGF and TSP-1 expression in age-related heart failure 2011 heart heart_failure mus_musculus mir-19b-2 MI0000546 miRBase miRNA up-regulation CTGF;TSP-1 NA PCR; immunofluorescence etc. no "Our data support a role for cardiomyocyte-derived miR-19 during cardiac aging, in the fine-tuning of cardiac extracellular matrix protein levels. During aging, decreased miR-19 and increased CTGF and TSP-3 levels identify the failure-prone heart." 21501375 MicroRNA-18 and microRNA-19 regulate CTGF and TSP-1 expression in age-related heart failure 2011 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus mir-325 MI0000597 miRBase miRNA down-regulation GLI1 NA qRT-PCR; cell counting kit-8 analysis; etc. no Overexpressed microrna-325 alleviates myocardial fibrosis after myocardial infarction via inhibiting GLI1 expression. 30178860 MicroRNA-325 alleviates myocardial fibrosis after myocardial infarction via downregulating GLI1 2018 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA PI3K-AKT SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no Overexpressed microvesicles (MVs) containing microrna-21 promoted myocardial fibrosis via AKT pathway. 30058694 Microvesicles containing microRNA-21 induce myocardial fibrosis via AKT pathway 2018 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-34a MI0000584 miRBase miRNA up-regulation SMAD4 TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; Masson's trichrome staining etc. no "Overexpressing miR-34a levels increased the profibrogenic activity of TGF-beta1 in cardiac fibroblast, whereas inhibition miR-34a levels weakened the activity." 25322725 MicroRNA-34a regulates cardiac fibrosis after myocardial infarction by targeting Smad4 2014 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-101a MI0000148 miRBase miRNA down-regulation FBJ NA PCR; immunohistochemistry etc. no Overexpression of miR-101a can mitigate interstitial fibrosis and the deterioration of cardiac performance in postinfarct rats through targeting at c-FOS expression and inhibiting the TGF-beta siganaling pathway. 22811578 MicroRNA-101 Inhibited Postinfarct Cardiac Fibrosis and Improved Left Ventricular Compliance via the FBJ Osteosarcoma Oncogene/Transforming Growth Factor- 1 Pathway 2012 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-101b MI0000649 miRBase miRNA down-regulation FBJ NA PCR; immunohistochemistry etc. no Overexpression of miR-102a can mitigate interstitial fibrosis and the deterioration of cardiac performance in postinfarct rats through targeting at c-FOS expression and inhibiting the TGF-beta siganaling pathway. 22811578 MicroRNA-101 Inhibited Postinfarct Cardiac Fibrosis and Improved Left Ventricular Compliance via the FBJ Osteosarcoma Oncogene/Transforming Growth Factor- 1 Pathway 2012 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-101c MI0016974 miRBase miRNA down-regulation FBJ NA PCR; immunohistochemistry etc. no Overexpression of miR-103a can mitigate interstitial fibrosis and the deterioration of cardiac performance in postinfarct rats through targeting at c-FOS expression and inhibiting the TGF-beta siganaling pathway. 22811578 MicroRNA-101 Inhibited Postinfarct Cardiac Fibrosis and Improved Left Ventricular Compliance via the FBJ Osteosarcoma Oncogene/Transforming Growth Factor- 1 Pathway 2012 heart arrhythmias_cardiac mus_musculus mir-130a MI0000156 miRBase miRNA up-regulation DCS2 NA PCR; immunofluorescence etc. no Overexpression of miR-130a results in a disease phenotype characteristic of Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy. 27834139 MicroRNA-130a Regulation of Desmocollin 2 in a Novel Model of Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy 2017 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-133a MI0000906 miRBase miRNA down-regulation TGF-beta1 NA Masson's trichrome staining; qRT-PCR; etc. no Overexpression of miR-133a down-regulates the mrna and protein levels of TGF-beta1 and CTGF after myocardial infarction. 31646592 Role of miR-133a in regulating TGF-beta1 signaling pathway in myocardial fibrosis after acute myocardial infarction in rats 2019 heart ventricular_dysfunction mus_musculus mir-141 MI0000166 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA WNT SIGNALING PATHWAY;PI3K-AKT SIGNALING PATHWAY miRNA microarray; qRT-PCR no Overexpression of miR-141 or inhibition of miR-144 aggravated palmitate-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. 32346302 MicroRNA Expression Profiles in Myocardium of High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity Rat 2020 heart ventricular_dysfunction mus_musculus mir-144 MI0000168 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA WNT SIGNALING PATHWAY;PI3K-AKT SIGNALING PATHWAY miRNA microarray; qRT-PCR no Overexpression of miR-141 or inhibition of miR-144 aggravated palmitate-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. 32346302 MicroRNA Expression Profiles in Myocardium of High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity Rat 2020 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-195 MI0000939 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY RT-PCR; no "Overexpression of miR-195 inhibited the expressions of TGF-beta1-smad3 signaling pathway and related molecules, further repressing myocardial fibrosis." 31599435 MiR-195 inhibits myocardial fibrosis in hypertensive rats by regulating TGFbeta1-Smad3 signaling pathway 2019 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-203 MI0000246 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA RT-PCR no "Over-expression of miR-203 in mouse cardiomyocytes significantly decreased the expression levels of TGF-beta, CTGF, and FN, which might be used as a detection index for prediction of fibrosis." 28272698 Effect of miR-203 expression on myocardial fibrosis 2017 heart diabetic_cardiomyopathy mus_musculus mir-203 MI0000246 miRBase miRNA down-regulation PIK3CA PI3K-AKT SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no Overexpression of miR-203 may function as a cardioprotective regulator in diabetes cardiomyopathy (DCM) by targeting PIK3CA via inactivation of pi3k/Akt signaling pathway. 31336140 Up-regulation of microRNA-203 inhibits myocardial fibrosis and oxidative stress in mice with diabetic cardiomyopathy through the inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway via PIK3CA 2019 heart heart_failure mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA immunofluorescence; PCR etc. yes Overexpression of miR-21 in this monocyte cell line activated a fibrotic gene programme and promoted monocyte-to-fibrocyte transition together with activation of chemokine (c-c) motif ligand 2 (monocyte chemoattractant protein 1) via the phosphatase and tensin homologue/activator protein 1 regulatory axis. 26865549 MiR-21 promotes fibrosis in an acute cardiac allograft transplantation model 2016 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY qRT-PCR; immunohistochemistry etc. no "Overexpression of miR-21 promoted the effects of TGF-beta-induced activation of cardiac fibroblasts, evidenced by increased expression of col-1, alfa-SMA and f-Actin, whereas inhibition of miR-21 attenuated the process of fibrosis." 28817807 Mir-21 Promotes Cardiac Fibrosis After Myocardial Infarction Via Targeting Smad7 2017 heart heart_failure mus_musculus mir-30d MI0000549 miRBase miRNA down-regulation MAP4K4 NA NA no "Ower expression of miR-30d in the heart and plasma extracellular vesicles is associated with adverse remodeling in rodent models and human subjects and is linked to whole-blood expression of genes implicated in fibrosis and inflammation, consistent with observations in model systems." 33092465 Mir-30d Regulates Cardiac Remodeling by Intracellular and Paracrine Signaling 2021 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-29c MI0000577 miRBase miRNA down-regulation COL 1A1;COL1A2;COL3A1;COL5A1;FBN1 TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; Masson's trichrome staining etc. no "Panax notoginseng saponins(PNS) could in part implicate increased expression of miR-29c in the heart, which may help increase the understanding of the pharmacological activities of PNS in treating cardiovascular disorders." 28017695 MiR-29c is implicated in the cardioprotective activity of Panax notoginseng saponins against isoproterenol-induced myocardial fibrogenesis 2017 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-711 MI0004695 miRBase miRNA up-regulation SP1 NA PCR; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay etc. yes "Pioglitazone increased the expression of miR-711 in cardiac fibroblasts, and overexpression of miR-711 suppressed collagen-i levels in angiotensin ii (ang ii)-treated or untreated cells. Transfection with antagomiR-711 correspondingly abolished the pioglitazone-induced reduction in collagen-i levels. Bioinformatics analysis identified sp1, which directly promotes collagen-i synthesis, as the putative target of miR-711. The miR-711-SP1-collagen-i pathway may be involved in the anti-fibrotic effects of pioglitazone." 23633075 MiRNA-711-SP1-collagen-I pathway is involved in the anti-fibrotic effect of pioglitazone in myocardial infarction 2013 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus mir-210 MI0000695 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA qRT-PCR; no Promoting myocardium angiogenesis of Huoxue Anxin Recipe by up-regulating miR-210 and VEGF. 27392480 Huoxue Anxin Recipe () promotes myocardium angiogenesis of acute myocardial infarction rats by up-regulating miR-210 and vascular endothelial growth factor 2016 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA up-regulation DICER1 TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; northern blot analysis; dual-luciferase reporter assay no P-smad2/3 interacts with DICER1 to promote pre-miR-21 processing to mature miR-21. 25887159 P-SMAD2/3 and DICER promote pre-miR-21 processing during pressure overload-associated myocardial remodeling 2015 heart diabetic_cardiomyopathy mus_musculus mir-155 MI0000177 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA qRT-PCR no Reducing miR155 in macrophages by AUNP serves as a promising strategy in improving cardiac function. 28744126 Gold nanoparticle-based miR155 antagonist macrophage delivery restores the cardiac function in ovariectomized diabetic mouse model 2017 heart myocarditis mus_musculus mir-181a-1 MI0000697 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA NA yes Sacubitril/valsartan may be mediated by the modulation of the miRNA expression level in the exosome payload. 32538237 Sacubitril/Valsartan Improves Cardiac Function and Decreases Myocardial Fibrosis Via Downregulation of Exosomal miR-181a in a Rodent Chronic Myocardial Infarction Model 2020 heart myocarditis mus_musculus mir-181a-2 MI0000223 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA NA yes Sacubitril/valsartan may be mediated by the modulation of the miRNA expression level in the exosome payload. 32538237 Sacubitril/Valsartan Improves Cardiac Function and Decreases Myocardial Fibrosis Via Downregulation of Exosomal miR-181a in a Rodent Chronic Myocardial Infarction Model 2020 heart myocarditis mus_musculus mir-30a MI0000144 miRBase miRNA up-regulation SOCS1 NA RT-PCR; dual-luciferase reporter assay; etc. no Silencing of miR-30a-5p may promote M2 polarization of macrophages and improve cardiac injury following Viral myocarditis (VMC) via Socs1 upregulation. 33416455 MicroRNA-30a-5p silencing polarizes macrophages towards M2 phenotype to alleviate cardiac injury following viral myocarditis by targeting SOCS1 2021 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-29c MI0000577 miRBase miRNA down-regulation TGBF2 TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no Smad3-miR-29b/miR-29c axis mediates the inhibitory effect of macrophage migration inhibitory factor on cardiac fibrosis. 31175931 The Smad3-miR-29b/miR-29c axis mediates the protective effect of macrophage migration inhibitory factor against cardiac fibrosis 2019 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-29b-2 MI0000712 miRBase miRNA down-regulation TGBF2 TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY histological analyses; no Smad3-miR-29b/miR-29c axis mediates the inhibitory effect of macrophage migration inhibitory factor on cardiac fibrosis. 31175931 The Smad3-miR-29b/miR-29c axis mediates the protective effect of macrophage migration inhibitory factor against cardiac fibrosis 2019 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-29b-1 MI0000143 miRBase miRNA down-regulation TGBF2 TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY histological analyses; no Smad3-miR-29b/miR-29c axis mediates the inhibitory effect of macrophage migration inhibitory factor on cardiac fibrosis. 31175931 The Smad3-miR-29b/miR-29c axis mediates the protective effect of macrophage migration inhibitory factor against cardiac fibrosis 2019 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus mir-199b MI0000714 miRBase miRNA up-regulation DYRK1A CGMP-PKG SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no Stress-induced miR-199b-5p participates in post-infarct remodeling by simultaneous regulation of distinct target genes. 30159417 MiR-199b-5p is a regulator of left ventricular remodeling following myocardial infarction 2017 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus mir-218-1 MI0000700 miRBase miRNA down-regulation MITF NA NA no "Suppression of miR-218 alleviates cardiac fibrosis and cardiac function impairment, and stimulates angiogenesis in myocardial infarction (MI) rats through inhibiting MITF." 31408435 Downregulation of microRNA-218 is cardioprotective against cardiac fibrosis and cardiac function impairment in myocardial infarction by binding to MITF 2019 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus mir-218-2 MI0000701 miRBase miRNA down-regulation MITF NA NA no "Suppression of miR-219 alleviates cardiac fibrosis and cardiac function impairment, and stimulates angiogenesis in myocardial infarction (MI) rats through inhibiting MITF." 31408435 Downregulation of microRNA-218 is cardioprotective against cardiac fibrosis and cardiac function impairment in myocardial infarction by binding to MITF 2019 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA PCR; immunohistochemistry; etc. no Systemic inhibition of miR-21 has proven effective against myocardial fibrosis and dysfunction. 27545313 Viral Vector-Based Targeting of miR-21 in Cardiac Nonmyocyte Cells Reduces Pathologic Remodeling of the Heart 2016 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-29b-1 MI0000143 miRBase miRNA up-regulation SMAD3 NA Masson's trichrome staining; PCR; etc. yes "Tanshinone IIA (TSN) exerts antifibrotic effects in postinfarct cardiac fibrosis by upregulating the expression of miR-29b, which is mediated by the TGF-beta-smad3 signaling pathway." 25636075 MicroRNA-29b mediates the anti-fibrotic effect of tanshinone IIA in post-infarct cardiac remodeling 2014 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-29b-2 MI0000712 miRBase miRNA up-regulation SMAD3 NA Masson's trichrome staining; PCR; etc. yes "Tanshinone IIA (TSN) exerts antifibrotic effects in postinfarct cardiac fibrosis by upregulating the expression of miR-29b, which is mediated by the TGF-beta-smad3 signaling pathway." 25636075 MicroRNA-29b mediates the anti-fibrotic effect of tanshinone IIA in post-infarct cardiac remodeling 2014 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-29b 387223 Gene miRNA up-regulation SMAD3 NA Masson's trichrome staining; PCR; etc. yes "Tanshinone IIA (TSN) exerts antifibrotic effects in postinfarct cardiac fibrosis by upregulating the expression of miR-29b, which is mediated by the TGF-beta-smad3 signaling pathway." 25636075 MicroRNA-29b mediates the anti-fibrotic effect of tanshinone IIA in post-infarct cardiac remodeling 2014 heart cardiomegaly mus_musculus mir-29b-1 MI0000143 miRBase miRNA down-regulation SMAD3 NA immunohistochemistry; immunohistochemistry etc. no "Targeting the transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 coding sequence region, thereby inhibiting TGF-beta/smad3 signaling, could be a new mechanism by which miR-29b inhibited angii-induced cardiac fibrosis." 24569834 MiR-29b as a Therapeutic Agent for Angiotensin II-induced Cardiac Fibrosis by Targeting TGF-B/Smad3 signaling 2014 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-24-1 MI0000231 miRBase miRNA down-regulation FURIN TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; immunofluorescence etc. no "TGF-beta (a pathological mediator of fibrotic disease) increased miR-24 expression, overexpression of miR-24 reduced TGF-beta secretion and smad2/3 phosphorylation in cardiac fibroblasts (CFs)." 22260784 MicroRNA-24 regulates cardiac fibrosis after myocardial infarction 2012 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA up-regulation TGFBRIII TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; immunofluorescence etc. no "TGF-beta1 and miR-21 were up-regulated, whereas TGF-betaRiii was down-regulated in the border zone of mouse hearts in response to myocardial infarction. Up-regulation of miR-21 could increase the collagen content and at least in part through inhibiting TGF-betaRiii." 22960625 A novel reciprocal loop between microRNA-21 and TGF_x0002_RIII is involved in cardiac fibrosis 2012 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-22 MI0000570 miRBase miRNA down-regulation TGFBR1 NA PCR; dual-luciferase reporter assay etc. no "TGF-betaRi is a direct target for miR-22, and downregulation of TGF-betaR may have mediated the antifibrotic effect of miR-22,miR-22 acts as a novel negative regulator of angiotensin ii-induced cardiac fibrosis by suppressing the expression of TGF-betaRi." 27997889 MiR-22 may Suppress Fibrogenesis by Targeting TGFBR I in Cardiac Fibroblasts 2016 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-22 MI0000570 miRBase miRNA down-regulation TGFBR1 NA PCR; dual-luciferase reporter assay etc. no "TGF-betaRi is a direct target for miR-22, and downregulation of TGF-betaR may have mediated the antifibrotic effect of miR-22,miR-23 acts as a novel negative regulator of angiotensin ii-induced cardiac fibrosis by suppressing the expression of TGF-betaRi." 27997889 MiR-22 may Suppress Fibrogenesis by Targeting TGFBR I in Cardiac Fibroblasts 2016 heart heart_failure mus_musculus mir-214 MI0000698 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NCX1 NA PCR; Masson's trichrome staining etc. no "The cardioprotective roles of miR-214 during ir injury were attributed to repression of the mrna encoding sodium/calcium exchanger 1 (ncx1), a key regulator of ca + influx; And to repression of several downstream effectors of ca + signaling that mediate cell death." 22426211 MicroRNA-214 protects the mouse heart from ischemic injury by controlling Ca2+ overload and cell death 2012 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus mir-126 MI0000898 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA transmission electron microscopy; nanoparticle tracking analyses no "The expression of miR-126-enhanced adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC)-derived exosomes prevented myocardial damage by protecting myocardial cells from apoptosis, inflammation, fibrosis, and increased angiogenesis." 29241208 Exosomes from MiR-126-Overexpressing Adscs Are Therapeutic in Relieving Acute Myocardial Ischaemic Injury 2017 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus let-7c-1 MI0000559 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA PCR; immunofluorescence etc. no The inhibition of let-7c miRNA downregulated the levels of mature let-7c miRNA and its other closely related members of let-7 family in the heart and resulted in increased expression of pluripotency-associated genes OCT4 and SOX2 in cardiac fibroblasts in vitro and in adult mouse heart in vivo. 25505600 Inhibition of Let-7 microRNA attenuates myocardial remodeling and improves cardiac function postinfarction in mice 2014 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus let-7c-2 MI0000560 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA PCR; immunofluorescence etc. no The inhibition of let-7c miRNA downregulated the levels of mature let-7c miRNA and its other closely related members of let-7 family in the heart and resulted in increased expression of pluripotency-associated genes OCT4 and SOX3 in cardiac fibroblasts in vitro and in adult mouse heart in vivo. 25505600 Inhibition of Let-7 microRNA attenuates myocardial remodeling and improves cardiac function postinfarction in mice 2014 heart diabetic_cardiomyopathy mus_musculus mir-18 MI0000567 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NOTCH2 NOTCH SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; immunofluorescence etc. no The overexpression of miR-18a-5p could downregulate NOTCH2 expression and subsequently suppress endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT). 28733035 MiR-18a-5p inhibits endothelial-mesenchymal transition and cardiac fibrosis through the Notch2 pathway 2017 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus mir-150 MI0000172 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA qRT-PCR; no The upregulation of microrna-150 in myocardial tissue could inhibit myocardial fibrosis and improve ventricular remodeling at post-acute myocardial infarction (AMI). 31539153 MicroRNA-150 alleviates acute myocardial infarction through regulating cardiac fibroblasts in ventricular remodeling 2019 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus mir-208a MI0000555 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA PCR; immunofluorescence etc. no "Therapeutic inhibition of miR-208a decreased cardiac fibrosis, hypertrophy, and apoptosis and significantly improved cardiac function." 26688617 MicroRNA-208a Dysregulates Apoptosis Genes Expression and Promotes Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis during Ischemia and Its Silencing Improves Cardiac Function after Myocardial Infarction 2015 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-15a MI0000564 miRBase miRNA down-regulation TGFBR1;CTGF;P53 TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR etc. no "Therapeutic restoration of miR-15a and -15b in HL-1 cardiomyocytes reduced the activation of pro-fibrotic TGF-betaRi and CTGF, and the pro-senescence p53 protein expression, confirming a causal regulation of these fibrotic and senescence mediators by miR-17a/b." 28289072 Down-regulation of miR-15a/b accelerates fibrotic remodelling in the Type 2 diabetic human and mouse heart 2017 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-15b MI0000140 miRBase miRNA down-regulation TGFBR1;CTGF;P53 TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR etc. no "Therapeutic restoration of miR-15a and -15b in HL-1 cardiomyocytes reduced the activation of pro-fibrotic TGF-betaRi and CTGF, and the pro-senescence p53 protein expression, confirming a causal regulation of these fibrotic and senescence mediators by miR-18a/b." 28289072 Down-regulation of miR-15a/b accelerates fibrotic remodelling in the Type 2 diabetic human and mouse heart 2017 heart ventricular_dysfunction mus_musculus mir-34a MI0000584 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA PCR; northern blot analysis; no Therapies that inhibit miR-34a alone may have limited potential in settings of established cardiac pathology. 24587330 "Silencing of miR-34a attenuates cardiac dysfunction in a setting of moderate, but not severe, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy" 2014 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus miR-155-5p MIMAT0000165 miRBase miRNA up-regulation C-SKI TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY RT-PCR; dual-luciferase reporter assay yes "These findings suggested that apigenin could inhibit the differentiation and extracellular matrix production in TGF-beta1-stimulated CFs, and its mechanisms might partly be attributable to the reduction of miR-155-5p expression and subsequent increment of c-Ski expression, which might result in the inhibition of Smad2/3 and p-Smad2/3 expressions." 32800930 Apigenin attenuates TGF-beta1-stimulated cardiac fibroblast differentiation and extracellular matrix production by targeting miR-155-5p/c-Ski/Smad pathway 2021 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-17 MI0000687 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY cell counting kit-8 analysis; qPCR etc. yes This inhibitory effect of resveratrol is orchestrated by the downregulation of miR-17 and the regulation of smad7. 30648109 Resveratrol Inhibits the TGF- beta 1-Induced Proliferation of Cardiac Fibroblasts and Collagen Secretion by Downregulating miR-17 in Rat 2018 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-154 MI0000176 miRBase miRNA up-regulation P15 WNT SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; Masson's trichrome staining etc. no "Treatment with lna-antimiR-154 in a setting of pressure overload was able to i) maintain cardiac function, ii) attenuate hypertrophy (increases in heart and cardiomyocyte size), iii) improve expression of cardiac pathology markers, and iv) prevent a significant increase in cardiac fibrosis." 26928825 Inhibition of miR-154 Protects Against Cardiac Dysfunction and Fibrosis in a Mouse Model of Pressure Overload 2016 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-21b MI0021906 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA MAPK SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; Masson's trichrome staining etc. yes "Ursolic Acid(UA) can inhibit myocardial fibrosis both in vitro and in vivo, and the effects of UA on myocardial fibrosis may be due to the inhibition of miR-21/ERK signaling pathways." 25903305 Downregulation of miR-21 is Involved in Direct Actions of Ursolic Acid on the Heart: Implications for Cardiac Fibrosis and Hypertrophy 2015 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-21c MI0021932 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA MAPK SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; Masson's trichrome staining etc. yes "Ursolic Acid(UA) can inhibit myocardial fibrosis both in vitro and in vivo, and the effects of UA on myocardial fibrosis may be due to the inhibition of miR-22/ERK signaling pathways." 25903305 Downregulation of miR-21 is Involved in Direct Actions of Ursolic Acid on the Heart: Implications for Cardiac Fibrosis and Hypertrophy 2015 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA MAPK SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; Masson's trichrome staining etc. yes "Ursolic Acid(UA) can inhibit myocardial fibrosis both in vitro and in vivo, and the effects of UA on myocardial fibrosis may be due to the inhibition of miR-23/ERK signaling pathways." 25903305 Downregulation of miR-21 is Involved in Direct Actions of Ursolic Acid on the Heart: Implications for Cardiac Fibrosis and Hypertrophy 2015 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-30c-1 MI0000547 miRBase miRNA down-regulation MMP2 COL1A1;CTGF NA PCR; immunohistochemistry etc. no "vitamin D receptor activators, particularly paricalcitol, attenuated cardiac fibrosis acting on COL1A1, MMP-2 and CTGF expression, partly through regulation of miR-29b and miR-30c." 28460073 Regulation of miR-29b and miR-30c by vitamin D receptor activators contributes to attenuate uraemia-induced cardiac fibrosis 2017 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-30c-2 MI0000548 miRBase miRNA down-regulation MMP2 COL1A1;CTGF NA PCR; immunohistochemistry etc. no "vitamin D receptor activators, particularly paricalcitol, attenuated cardiac fibrosis acting on COL1A1, MMP-2 and CTGF expression, partly through regulation of miR-29b and miR-31c." 28460073 Regulation of miR-29b and miR-30c by vitamin D receptor activators contributes to attenuate uraemia-induced cardiac fibrosis 2017 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-29c MI0000577 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA qRT-PCR no NA 25233448 Myocardial fibrosis induced by exposure to subclinical lipopolysaccharide is associated with decreased miR-29c and enhanced NOX2 expression in mice 2014 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus mir-133a MI0000906 miRBase miRNA down-regulation APAF-1 NA MTT ASSAY; qRT-PCR no NA 25658461 MicroRNA-133a engineered mesenchymal stem cells augment cardiac function and cell survival in the infarct heart 2015 heart myocardical_ischemia mus_musculus mir-27b MI0000142 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA PPAR SIGNALING PATHWAY subcutaneous matrigel plug assay no NA 26161255 Therapeutic manipulation of angiogenesis with miR-27b 2015 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-33 MI0000707 miRBase miRNA down-regulation ABCA1 NA NA no NA 28254794 MiR-33 Regulation of Adaptive Fibrotic Response in Cardiac Remodeling 2017 heart cardiomegaly mus_musculus mir-19b-2 MI0000546 miRBase miRNA up-regulation ADRA1A NA RT-PCR; no NA 28531963 MiR-19b and miR-16 cooperatively signaling target the regulator ADRA1A in Hypertensive heart disease 2017 heart cardiomegaly mus_musculus mir-19b-1 MI0000718 miRBase miRNA up-regulation ADRA1A NA RT-PCR; no NA 28531963 MiR-19b and miR-16 cooperatively signaling target the regulator ADRA1A in Hypertensive heart disease 2017 heart cardiomegaly mus_musculus mir-16-2 MI0000566 miRBase miRNA up-regulation ADRA1A NA RT-PCR; no NA 28531963 MiR-19b and miR-16 cooperatively signaling target the regulator ADRA1A in Hypertensive heart disease 2017 heart cardiomegaly mus_musculus mir-16-1 MI0000565 miRBase miRNA up-regulation ADRA1A NA RT-PCR; no NA 28531963 MiR-19b and miR-16 cooperatively signaling target the regulator ADRA1A in Hypertensive heart disease 2017 heart heart_failure mus_musculus mir-25 MI0000689 miRBase miRNA down-regulation PDE3A;CACNALC NA qPCR no NA 29499204 Alteration in microRNA-25 expression regulate cardiac function via renin secretion 2018 heart arrhythmias_cardiac mus_musculus mir-499 MI0004676 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA WNT SIGNALING PATHWAY bioinformatic analyses no NA 30304392 A novel murine model for arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy points to a pathogenic role of Wnt signalling and miRNA dysregulation 2019 heart arrhythmias_cardiac mus_musculus mir-708 MI0004692 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA WNT SIGNALING PATHWAY bioinformatic analyses no NA 30304392 A novel murine model for arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy points to a pathogenic role of Wnt signalling and miRNA dysregulation 2019 heart arrhythmias_cardiac mus_musculus mir-217-5p MI0000731 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA WNT SIGNALING PATHWAY bioinformatic analyses no NA 30304392 A novel murine model for arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy points to a pathogenic role of Wnt signalling and miRNA dysregulation 2019 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-125b-1 MI0000725 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA qRT-PCR; no NA 30340830 Androgen receptor regulates cardiac fibrosis in mice with experimental autoimmune myocarditis by increasing microRNA-125b expression 2018 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-451a MI0001730 miRBase miRNA down-regulation AMPKA1 MTOR SIGNALING PATHWAY immunofluorescence no NA 30872181 MiR-451 antagonist protects against cardiac fibrosis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mouse heart 2019 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-150 MI0000172 miRBase miRNA down-regulation EGR1 NA qRT-PCR; dual-luciferase reporter assay etc. no NA 31122130 MiR-150-5p retards the progression of myocardial fibrosis by targeting EGR1 2019 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus mir-671 MI0004133 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA cell fractionation experiments no NA 31948273 Natural Compound Library Screening Identifies New Molecules for the Treatment of Cardiac Fibrosis and Diastolic Dysfunction 2020 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-122 MI0000256 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA HIF-1 SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no NA 32856216 Roles of MicroRNA-122 in Cardiovascular Fibrosis and Related Diseases 2020 heart ventricular_dysfunction mus_musculus miR-34a-5p MIMAT0000542 miRBase miRNA up-regulation PNUTS NA dual-luciferase reporter assay no NA 33115945 PD-1 inhibitor inducing exosomal miR-34a-5p expression mediates the cross talk between cardiomyocyte and macrophage in immune checkpoint inhibitor-related cardiac dysfunction 2020 heart cardiomegaly mus_musculus mir-22 MI0000570 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA PI3K-AKT SIGNALING PATHWAY histological analyses; Echocardiography; RNA-seq no NA 33252886 Deletion of miRNA-22 Induces Cardiac Hypertrophy in Females but Attenuates Obesogenic Diet-Mediated Metabolic Disorders 2020 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-503 MI0003538 miRBase miRNA up-regulation RAF1 RAS SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no A profound upregulation of kcnn4 in stimulated fibroblast and identifies miR-503 as a regulator of Kcnn4 expression. 30808854 Downregulation of miR-503 in Activated Kidney Fibroblasts Disinhibits KCNN4 in an in Vitro Model of Kidney Fibrosis 2019 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-200b MI0000243 miRBase miRNA up-regulation ZEB2;PTEN PI3K-AKT SIGNALING PATHWAY RT-PCR; yes "Alcohol may protect the kidneys of diabetic nephropathies mice by decreasing miR-192 and miR-200b, which could further regulate their target gene expression and modulate the activity of the PTEN/PI3k/Akt pathway to reduce the degree of renal fibrosis." 31032350 The Alcohol Extract of Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt Ameliorates Diabetes and Diabetic Nephropathy in db/db Mice through miR-192/miR-200b and PTEN/AKT and ZEB2/ECM Pathways 2019 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-192 MI0000551 miRBase miRNA up-regulation ZEB2;PTEN PI3K-AKT SIGNALING PATHWAY RT-PCR; yes "Alcohol may protect the kidneys of diabetic nephropathies mice by decreasing miR-192 and miR-200b, which could further regulate their target gene expression and modulate the activity of the PTEN/PI4k/Akt pathway to reduce the degree of renal fibrosis." 31032350 The Alcohol Extract of Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt Ameliorates Diabetes and Diabetic Nephropathy in db/db Mice through miR-192/miR-200b and PTEN/AKT and ZEB2/ECM Pathways 2019 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-429 MI0001642 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA NA no Ang ii-induced inhibition of miR429 contributes to ang ii-induced transdifferentiation and fibrogenesis in renal cells and that miR429 protects against ang ii-induced kidney damages. 30132344 Downregulation of microRNA-429 contributes to angiotensin II-induced profibrotic effect in rat kidney 2018 kidney kidney_failure_chronic mus_musculus mir-29b-1 MI0000143 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA;K-ATPASE NA NA no Antagonizing Na/k-atpase signaling by pnaktide can reduce organ fibrosis through the stimulation of tissue miR-29b-3p expression. 29775473 Na/K-ATPase signaling mediates miR-29b-3p regulation and cardiac fibrosis formation in mice with chronic kidney disease 2018 kidney nephritis_interstitia mus_musculus mir-153 MI0000175 miRBase miRNA up-regulation BCL2 NA NA no Apoptosis of proximal tubular epithelial cells by inhibiting Bcl-2 level and further aggravates RIF (renal interstitial fibrosis). 31799677 Microvesicle-containing miRNA-153-3p induces the apoptosis of proximal tubular epithelial cells and participates in renal interstitial fibrosis 2019 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA up-regulation SMAD7 TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no Bmp-7 decreases renal fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy by regulating miR-21/smad7 signaling. 31655195 BMP-7 inhibits renal fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy via miR-21 downregulation 2019 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-7-1 MI0000728 miRBase miRNA down-regulation P311 TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY NA yes Butyrate alleviated diabetic kidney disease (DKD) by mediating the miR-7a-5p/p311/TGF-beta pathway. 32539181 Butyrate alleviates diabetic kidney disease by mediating the miR-7a-5p/P311/TGF-beta1 pathway 2020 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-214 MI0000698 miRBase miRNA up-regulation MT-ND6;MT-ND4L NA NA no Demonstrate a pathogenic role of miR-214 in chronic kidney disease (CKD) through the disruption of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. 30955870 MicroRNA-214 promotes chronic kidney disease by disrupting mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation 2019 kidney acute_kidney_injury mus_musculus mir-183 MI0000225 miRBase miRNA up-regulation SIRT1 NA NA no Down-regulated miR-183-3p or up-regulated sirt1 attenuates acute kidney injury (AKI) via puma inhibition induced by foxo3a deacetylation. 33450262 Depleting microRNA-183-3p improves renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis after acute kidney injury via SIRT1/PUMA/FOXO3a deacetylation 2021 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-324 MI0000595 miRBase miRNA down-regulation PREP NA NA no Dysregulation of the miR-324-3p/prep pathway contributes to the development of fibrosis in progressive nephropathy. 22822076 MicroRNA-324-3p promotes renal fibrosis and is a target of ACE inhibition 2012 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-144 MI0000168 miRBase miRNA down-regulation TPA;MMP9 PI3K-AKT SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no "Erythropoietin protects mus musculus renal through promoting bone marrow cells to generate and secrete miR-144, which, in turn, is efficiently delivered into the mus musculus kidney via extracellular vesicles (EVs) to inhibit the activation of the TPA/MMP9-mediated proteolytic network." 26469975 Erythropoietin protects the tubular basement membrane by promoting the bone marrow to release extracellular vesicles containing tPA-targeting miR-144 2016 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-196b MI0001151 miRBase miRNA up-regulation PTECS JAK-STAT SIGNALING PATHWAY microarray analysis no "Evs rich in miR-196b-5p mediate the crosstalk between ptecs and fibroblast during the development of renal fibrosis, which might be associated with Stat3/Soco2 signaling pathway." 32727744 MiR-196b-5p-enriched extracellular vesicles from tubular epithelial cells mediated aldosterone-induced renal fibrosis in mice with diabetes 2020 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-29 MI0000576 miRBase miRNA down-regulation YY1 TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no Exo/miR29 ameliorates skeletal muscle atrophy and attenuates kidney fibrosis by downregulating YY1 and TGF-beta pathway proteins. 30711446 Exosome-Mediated miR-29 Transfer Reduces Muscle Atrophy and Kidney Fibrosis in Mice 2019 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-26a-1 MI0000573 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY Masson's trichrome staining no "Exosomes containing miR-26a prevented muscle atrophy by inhibiting the transcription factor forkhead box o1. Likewise, the exosome-carried miR-26a limited renal fibrosis by directly suppressing CTGF." 31593640 Exogenous miR-26a suppresses muscle wasting and renal fibrosis in obstructive kidney disease 2019 kidney lupus_nephritis mus_musculus mir-182 MI0000224 miRBase miRNA up-regulation FOXO1 NA NA no "Expression of miR-182-5p was increased in lupus nephritis patients, contributing to the suppression of foxo1 and development of lupus nephritis." 30308195 Inhibition of microRNA-182-5p contributes to attenuation of lupus nephritis via Foxo1 signaling 2018 kidney kidney_failure_chronic mus_musculus mir-200b MI0000243 miRBase miRNA down-regulation FASCIN-1;CD44 NA qRT-PCR; Masson's trichrome staining etc. no Fascin-1 plays a critical role in renal fibrosis. miR-200b/c family could inhibit renal fibrosis through modulatingepithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process by directly targeting fascin-1/cd44 axis. 32220622 MiR-200b/c family inhibits renal fibrosis through modulating epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via targeting fascin-1/CD44 axis 2020 kidney kidney_failure_chronic mus_musculus mir-200c MI0000694 miRBase miRNA down-regulation FASCIN-1;CD44 NA qRT-PCR; Masson's trichrome staining etc. no Fascin-1 plays a critical role in renal fibrosis. miR-200b/c family could inhibit renal fibrosis through modulatingepithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process by directly targeting fascin-1/cd45 axis. 32220622 MiR-200b/c family inhibits renal fibrosis through modulating epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via targeting fascin-1/CD44 axis 2020 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-194-2 MI0000733 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA NA no Gyy4137 mitigates renal fibrosis in diabetes through miR-194-dependent pathway. 28883608 "GYY4137, a Hydrogen Sulfide Donor Modulates miR194-Dependent Collagen Realignment in Diabetic Kidney" 2017 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-194-1 MI0000236 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA NA no Gyy4137 mitigates renal fibrosis in diabetes through miR-194-dependent pathway. 28883608 "GYY4137, a Hydrogen Sulfide Donor Modulates miR194-Dependent Collagen Realignment in Diabetic Kidney" 2017 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus let-7d MI0000405 miRBase miRNA down-regulation HMGA2 NA NA no Hmga2 and let-7d miRNA significantly impact on the progression of TGF-beta-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and fibrogenesis both in vitro and in vivo. 27693697 Let-7d miRNA prevents TGF-beta1-induced EMT and renal fibrogenesis through regulation of HMGA2 expression 2016 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-23b MI0000141 miRBase miRNA down-regulation GSBP2 MAPK SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no Hyperglycemia regulates pathogenic processes in diabetic nephropathies through an miR-23b/G3bp2 feedback circuit involving p38 MAPK and p53. 26839366 MicroRNA-23b Targets Ras GTPase-Activating Protein SH3 Domain-Binding Protein 2 to Alleviate Fibrosis and Albuminuria in Diabetic Nephropathy 2016 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NRF2 NA NA yes "In addition to upregulating NRF2 by increasing miR-200a, c66 also protects against diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting miR-21." 27115417 C66 ameliorates diabetic nephropathy in mice by both upregulating NRF2 function via increase in miR-200a and inhibiting miR-21 2016 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-200a MI0000554 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NRF2 NA NA yes "In addition to upregulating NRF2 by increasing miR-200a, c66 also protects against diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting miR-22." 27115417 C66 ameliorates diabetic nephropathy in mice by both upregulating NRF2 function via increase in miR-200a and inhibiting miR-21 2016 kidney lupus_nephritis mus_musculus mir-140 MI0000165 miRBase miRNA down-regulation IL-6 NA dual-luciferase reporter assay no Inhibition of the expression of miR-410 with miR-410 inhibitor resulted in increased levels of IL-6 as well as fibrosis factors. 27028192 MiR-410 suppresses the expression of interleukin-6 as well as renal fibrosis in the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis 2016 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-29c MI0000577 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA PI3K-AKT SIGNALING PATHWAY RT-PCR; immunohistochemistry no "Leukemia inhibitory factory (LIF) played a role in antirenal fibrosis by competitively activating stat3 tyr(705) phosphorylation, which upregulated microrna-29c to suppress collagen expression." 26155847 Leukemia inhibitory factor attenuates renal fibrosis through Stat3-miR-29c 2015 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus let-7b MI0000558 miRBase miRNA down-regulation LIN28 TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY dual-luciferase reporter assay no Lin28 as a new TGF-betatarget gene and suggest a novel role for the lin28/let-7 pathway in controlling TGF-beta-induced collagen accumulation in diabetic nephropathies. 25354942 Repression of let-7 by transforming growth factor-beta1-induced Lin28 upregulates collagen expression in glomerular mesangial cells under diabetic conditions 2018 kidney lupus_nephritis mus_musculus mir-150 MI0000172 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA NA no Lna-anti-miR-150 may be a promising novel therapeutic agent for ln in addition to the current emerging monoclonal antibodies. 31829247 LNA-anti-miR-150 ameliorated kidney injury of lupus nephritis by inhibiting renal fibrosis and macrophage infiltration 2019 kidney nephritis_interstitia mus_musculus mir-192 MI0000551 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY qRT-PCR; immunofluorescence yes Low-dose paclitaxel ameliorates renal fibrosis via modulating miR-192 pathobiology and TGF-beta/smad signalling. 21984124 Low-dose paclitaxel ameliorates fibrosis in the remnant kidney model by down-regulating miR-192 2011 kidney nephritis_interstitia mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA PI3K-AKT SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no Microrna-21 secreted by injured proximal tubule epithelial cells participated in renal interstitial fibrosis by activating the PTEN/akt signaling pathway. 29461599 Microvesicles containing microRNA-21 secreted by proximal tubular epithelial cells are involved in renal interstitial fibrosis by activating AKT pathway 2018 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-101a MI0000148 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA RT-PCR; Masson's trichrome staining etc. no "miR-101 overexpression mitigated hypoxic hk-2 cell damage. Collagen, type x, alpha 1 and transforming growth factor beta receptor 1 levels were downregulated in hypoxic cells transfected with miR-101 mimic." 32633566 Upregulated miR-101 inhibits acute kidney injury-chronic kidney disease transition by regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition 2020 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-101b MI0000649 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA RT-PCR; Masson's trichrome staining etc. no "miR-101 overexpression mitigated hypoxic hk-2 cell damage. Collagen, type x, alpha 1 and transforming growth factor beta receptor 1 levels were downregulated in hypoxic cells transfected with miR-101 mimic." 32633566 Upregulated miR-101 inhibits acute kidney injury-chronic kidney disease transition by regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition 2020 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-101c MI0016974 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA RT-PCR; Masson's trichrome staining etc. no "miR-101 overexpression mitigated hypoxic hk-2 cell damage. Collagen, type x, alpha 1 and transforming growth factor beta receptor 1 levels were downregulated in hypoxic cells transfected with miR-101 mimic." 32633566 Upregulated miR-101 inhibits acute kidney injury-chronic kidney disease transition by regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition 2020 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-101a MI0000148 miRBase miRNA down-regulation KDM3A TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY qPCR; dual-luciferase reporter assay; immunohistochemistry no miR-101a could potentially slow down chronic renal fibrosis by the inactivation of the yap-diabetic nephropathy-smad signaling pathway via KDM3A. 32092824 Upregulation of miR-101a Suppresses Chronic Renal Fibrosis by Regulating KDM3A via Blockade of the YAP-TGF-beta-Smad Signaling Pathway 2020 kidney hypertensive_renal_injury mus_musculus mir-101a MI0000148 miRBase miRNA down-regulation TGF-betaRI TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY dual-luciferase reporter assay; no miR-101a exhibited protective effects against hypertensive nephropathy via inhibiting TGF-beta/smad3 and NF-KB signalling pathways. 30304543 MiR-101a ameliorates AngII-mediated hypertensive nephropathy by blockade of TGFbeta/Smad3 and NF-KB signalling in a mus musculus model of hypertension 2019 kidney nephritis mus_musculus mir-128-1 MI0000155 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA NA no miR-128 may be a pro-fibrotic miRNA that regulates fibrosis in various tissues. 29278451 MiR-128 Regulates Genes Associated with Inflammation and Fibrosis of Rat Kidney Cells In Vitro 2018 kidney nephritis_interstitia mus_musculus mir-140 MI0000165 miRBase miRNA down-regulation TGFBR TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY dual-luciferase reporter assay no miR-140-5p may have a therapeutic potential for preventing fibrotic kidney diseases through inhibiting the TGF-beta/smad signaling pathway by directly targeting TGF-betaR1. 33013464 MicroRNA-140-5p Mediates Renal Fibrosis Through TGF-beta1/Smad Signaling Pathway by Directly Targeting TGFBR1 2020 kidney acute_kidney_injury mus_musculus mir-146 MI0000170 miRBase miRNA up-regulation HMGA2 CHEMOKINE SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no "miR-146a is a key mediator of the renal tubular response to iri that limits the consequences of inflammation, a key process in the development of acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD)." 27444565 MicroRNA-146a in Human and Experimental Ischemic AKI: CXCL8-Dependent Mechanism of Action 2017 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-146 MI0000170 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA NA no "miR-146a upregulation exerts a protective effect by downregulating target inflammation-related genes, resulting in suppression of proinflammatory and inflammasome gene activation." 26647423 Anti-Inflammatory Role of MicroRNA-146a in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Nephropathy 2016 kidney acute_kidney_injury mus_musculus mir-150 MI0000172 miRBase miRNA up-regulation IGF-1R NA qRT-PCR no miR-150 deletion causes induction of its target gene insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1r) and overexpression of miR-150 in endothelial cells downregulated IGF-1r. 26109086 MicroRNA-150 deletion in mice protects kidney from myocardial infarction-induced acute kidney injury 2015 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-155 MI0000177 miRBase miRNA up-regulation PDE3A TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY Masson's trichrome staining no miR-155 attenuates renal fibrosis via inhibiting TGF-beta/smad signaling activation by targeting the upstream molecule Pde3a. 30080287 Lack of microRNA-155 ameliorates renal fibrosis by targeting PDE3A/TGF-beta1/Smad signaling in mice with obstructive nephropathy 2018 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-155 MI0000177 miRBase miRNA up-regulation SOCS1;SOCS6 JAK-STAT SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no miR-155-5p promotes renal fibrosis by increasing the phosphorylated activation of STAT3 via targeting SOCS1/6. 32587662 MiR-155-5p Implicates in the Pathogenesis of Renal Fibrosis via Targeting SOCS1 and SOCS6 2020 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-184 MI0000226 miRBase miRNA down-regulation LPP3 NA NA no miR-184 may act as a downstream effector of albuminuria through Lpp3 to promote tubulointerstitial fibrosis. 28364255 MicroRNA-184 is a downstream effector of albuminuria driving renal fibrosis in rats with diabetic nephropathy 2017 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-19a MI0000688 miRBase miRNA up-regulation PTEN TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no "miR-19 activates the Akt signaling pathway by targeting PTEN, and induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in renal tubular epithelial cells, thereby promoting renal fibrosis." 32355512 MiR-19 promotes development of renal fibrosis by targeting PTEN-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition 2020 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-192 MI0000551 miRBase miRNA down-regulation EGR1 NA qRT-PCR; dual-luciferase reporter assay no miR-192 causes degradation of TGF-beta and fibronectin (FN) through targeting Egr2 and affects the progression of tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF) and even diabetic nephropathies. 30024615 MiR-192 prevents renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy by targeting Egr1 2018 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-192 MI0000551 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY RT-PCR no miR-192 may be a critical downstream mediator of TGF-beta/smad3 signaling in the development of renal fibrosis. 20488955 MiR-192 mediates TGF-beta/Smad3-driven renal fibrosis 2010 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-196a-1 MI0000552 miRBase miRNA down-regulation TGF-betaRIII TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY qRT-PCR no "miR-196a/b silenced TGF-beta-smad signaling, decreased the expression of collagen 1 and alpha-smooth muscle action, and attenuated renal fibrosis." 26940097 MicroRNA-196a/b Mitigate Renal Fibrosis by Targeting TGF-beta Receptor 2 2016 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-199a-1 MI0000241 miRBase miRNA up-regulation KLOTHO;TLR4 NA NA no miR-199a-5p from hsa-stimulated human Kidney 2 (HK-2) cell-derived evs induces myocardial infarction (MI) polarization by targeting the klotho/Tlr4 pathway and further accelerates the progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). 31208912 Extracellular Vesicles from Albumin-Induced Tubular Epithelial Cells Promote the M1 Macrophage Phenotype by Targeting Klotho 2019 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-199a-2 MI0000713 miRBase miRNA up-regulation KLOTHO;TLR4 NA NA no miR-199a-5p from hsa-stimulated human Kidney 2 (HK-2) cell-derived evs induces myocardial infarction (MI) polarization by targeting the klotho/Tlr4 pathway and further accelerates the progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). 31208912 Extracellular Vesicles from Albumin-Induced Tubular Epithelial Cells Promote the M1 Macrophage Phenotype by Targeting Klotho 2019 kidney nephritis_interstitia mus_musculus mir-200b MI0000243 miRBase miRNA up-regulation ZEB-1;ZEB-2 NA NA no miR-200b ameliorates tubulointerstitial fibrosis in obstructed kidneys. 21049046 MiR-200b precursor can ameliorate renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis 2010 kidney kidney_failure_chronic mus_musculus mir-206 MI0000249 miRBase miRNA down-regulation ANXA1 JAK-STAT SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no miR-206 inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of renal tubular epithelial cells and glomerulosclerosis by inactivating the Jak/STAT signaling pathway via anxa1 in chronic kidney disease (CKD). 31148248 MicroRNA-206 overexpression inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition and glomerulosclerosis in rats with chronic kidney disease by inhibiting JAK/STAT signaling pathway 2019 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA up-regulation CDC25A;CDK6 NA qPCR no miR-21 antagonism rescued various functional and structural parameters in mice with diabetic nephropathy. 28129112 Therapeutic miR-21 Silencing Ameliorates Diabetic Kidney Disease in Mice 2017 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no miR-21 is a main driving force of fibroblast activation and keeps its high expression level by employing a double negative autoregulatory loop. 29361523 "The feedback loop between miR-21, PDCD4 and AP-1 functions as a driving force for renal fibrogenesis" 2018 kidney nephritis_interstitia mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA PI3K-AKT SIGNALING PATHWAY qRT-PCR; Masson's trichrome staining yes miR-21 is the key fibrosis-related miRNA regulated by fuzheng Huayu recipe (FZHY). The ability of fzhy to modulate miR-21/PTEN/Akt signaling may be a viable approach for treating renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF). 32912827 "Fuzheng Huayu recipe, a traditional Chinese compound herbal medicine, attenuates renal interstitial fibrosis via targeting the miR-21/PTEN/AKT axis" 2020 kidney acute_kidney_injury mus_musculus mir-214 MI0000698 miRBase miRNA down-regulation DKK3 WNT SIGNALING PATHWAY qRT-PCR; dual-luciferase reporter assay no miR-214 ameliorates acute kidney injury (AKI) by inhibiting apoptosis through targeting dkk3 and activating wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway. 30180910 MiR-214 ameliorates acute kidney injury via targeting DKK3 and activating of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway 2018 kidney nephritis_interstitia mus_musculus mir-214 MI0000698 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no miR-214 functions to promote fibrosis in renal injury independent of TGF-beta signaling in vivo. 24158985 MicroRNA-214 antagonism protects against renal fibrosis 2014 kidney acute_kidney_injury mus_musculus mir-214 MI0000698 miRBase miRNA up-regulation PTEN NA histological experiments no miR-214-3p is indicated to exacerbate the tissue damages and inflammatory response caused by hyperlipidemic pancreatitis (HP) complicated with acute renal injury. 31790686 MiR-214-3p exacerbates kidney damages and inflammation induced by hyperlipidemic pancreatitis complicated with acute renal injury 2020 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-214 MI0000698 miRBase miRNA up-regulation E-CADHERIN APELIN SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no miR-214-3p negatively regulated the expression of epithelial cadherin (e-cadherin) by binding the e-cadherin 3' UTR under hypoxic condition. 29277613 Hypoxia-induced activation of Twist/miR-214/E-cadherin axis promotes renal tubular epithelial cell mesenchymal transition and renal fibrosis 2018 kidney nephritis_interstitia mus_musculus mir-216a MI0000699 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA PI3K-AKT SIGNALING PATHWAY qRT-PCR; no miR-216a secreted by injured proximal tubular epithelial cells participate in renal interstitial fibrosis by activating the PTEN/Akt pathway. 31378905 Microvesicles containing microRNA-216a secreted by tubular epithelial cells participate in renal interstitial fibrosis through activating PTEN/AKT pathway 2019 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-217 MI0000731 miRBase miRNA up-regulation SIRT1;HIF-1alpha NA RT-PCR; no miR-217 in high glucose cultured rat glomerular mesangial cells through sirt1/hif-1 alfa signaling pathway. 26891083 Mir-217 promotes inflammation and fibrosis in high glucose cultured rat glomerular mesangial cells via Sirt1/HIF-1alpha signaling pathway 2016 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-22 MI0000570 miRBase miRNA up-regulation BMP6;BMP7 NA NA no miR-22 as a critical miRNA that contributes to renal fibrosis on the basis of its pivotal role on BMP signaling cascade. 24163368 MicroRNA-22 is a master regulator of bone morphogenetic protein-7/6 homeostasis in the kidney 2013 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-22 MI0000570 miRBase miRNA up-regulation PTEN NA NA no miR-22 may promote tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF) by suppressing autophagy partially via targeting PTEN. 29850604 MicroRNA-22 Promotes Renal Tubulointerstitial Fibrosis by Targeting PTEN and Suppressing Autophagy in Diabetic Nephropathy 2018 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-221 MI0000709 miRBase miRNA down-regulation ETS1 MAPK SIGNALING PATHWAY qPCR no miR-221/ets-1 axis takes an important role in mediating angii induced interstitial fibroblast activation and renal fibrosis. 25228106 Ets-1 targeted by microrna-221 regulates angiotensin II-induced renal fibroblast activation and fibrosis 2014 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-27a MI0000578 miRBase miRNA up-regulation SFRP1 WNT SIGNALING PATHWAY qPCR; dual-luciferase reporter assay no miR-27a down-regulated sfrp1 and activated wnt/beta-catenin signalling to promote renal fibrosis. 32484208 MicroRNA-27a targets Sfrp1 to induce renal fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy by activating Wnt/beta-Catenin signalling 2020 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-29a MI0000576 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY microRNA microarray; RT-PCR no miR-29 is a downstream inhibitor of TGF-beta/smad3-mediated fibrosis. 21784902 TGF-beta/Smad3 signaling promotes renal fibrosis by inhibiting miR-29 2011 kidney kidney_failure_chronic mus_musculus mir-294 MI0000392 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no miR-294/miR-133 overexpression prevented smad2/3 and erk1/2 phosphorylation in human Kidney 2 (HK-2) cells during diabetic nephropathy3-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). 32641100 Protective effect of miRNA-containing extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stromal cells of old rats on renal function in chronic kidney disease 2020 kidney kidney_failure_chronic mus_musculus mir-133b MI0000821 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no miR-294/miR-133 overexpression prevented smad2/3 and erk1/2 phosphorylation in human Kidney 2 (HK-2) cells during TGF-beta2-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). 32641100 Protective effect of miRNA-containing extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stromal cells of old rats on renal function in chronic kidney disease 2020 kidney kidney_failure_chronic mus_musculus mir-133c MI0021863 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no miR-294/miR-133 overexpression prevented smad2/3 and erk1/2 phosphorylation in human Kidney 2 (HK-2) cells during TGF-beta2-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). 32641100 Protective effect of miRNA-containing extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stromal cells of old rats on renal function in chronic kidney disease 2020 kidney kidney_failure_chronic mus_musculus mir-133a MI0000906 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no miR-294/miR-133 overexpression prevented smad2/3 and erk1/2 phosphorylation in human Kidney 2 (HK-2) cells during TGF-beta2-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). 32641100 Protective effect of miRNA-containing extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stromal cells of old rats on renal function in chronic kidney disease 2020 kidney kidney_failure_chronic mus_musculus mir-294 MI0000392 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no miR-294/miR-133 overexpression prevented smad2/3 and Erk1/2 phosphorylation in human Kidney 2 (HK-2) cells during TGF-beta4-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). 32641100 Protective effect of miRNA-containing extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stromal cells of old rats on renal function in chronic kidney disease 2020 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-299a MI0000399 miRBase miRNA up-regulation FST NA NA no "miR299a-5p is an important post-transcriptional regulator of follistatin, with its upregulation an important pathogenic contributor to renal fibrosis." 33420269 MiR299a-5p promotes renal fibrosis by suppressing the antifibrotic actions of follistatin 2021 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-29a MI0000576 miRBase miRNA down-regulation HDAC4 NA NA no miR-29a in diabetes-induced loss of podocyte integrity and renal homeostasis highlights the importance of post-translational acetylation reactions in podocyte microenvironments. Increasing miR-29a action may protect against diabetic podocytopathy. 24578127 MicroRNA-29a promotion of nephrin acetylation ameliorates hyperglycemia-induced podocyte dysfunction 2014 kidney nephritis_interstitia mus_musculus mir-29b-1 MI0000143 miRBase miRNA down-regulation PI3K3R2 PI3K-AKT SIGNALING PATHWAY RT-PCR; no miR-29b plays an important role in the negative regulation of ang ii-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition via PI3k/Akt signaling pathway. 29568897 MiR-29b regulates Ang II-induced EMT of rat renal tubular epithelial cells via targeting PI3K/AKT signaling pathway 2018 kidney nephritis_interstitia mus_musculus mir-29b-2 MI0000712 miRBase miRNA down-regulation PI3K3R2 PI3K-AKT SIGNALING PATHWAY RT-PCR; no miR-29b plays an important role in the negative regulation of ang ii-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition via PI4k/Akt signaling pathway. 29568897 MiR-29b regulates Ang II-induced EMT of rat renal tubular epithelial cells via targeting PI3K/AKT signaling pathway 2018 kidney nephritis_interstitia mus_musculus mir-29b 387223 Gene miRNA down-regulation PI3K3R2 PI3K-AKT SIGNALING PATHWAY RT-PCR; no miR-29b plays an important role in the negative regulation of ang ii-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition via PI5k/Akt signaling pathway. 29568897 MiR-29b regulates Ang II-induced EMT of rat renal tubular epithelial cells via targeting PI3K/AKT signaling pathway 2018 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-29b-1 MI0000143 miRBase miRNA down-regulation HDAC4 NA dual-luciferase reporter assay no miR-29b regulates the expression of hdac4 which plays a role in controlling renal fibrosis and podocytes' impairment in diabetic nephropathies. 32550152 MiR-29b attenuates histone deacetylase-4 mediated podocyte dysfunction and renal fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy 2019 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-29b-2 MI0000712 miRBase miRNA down-regulation HDAC4 NA dual-luciferase reporter assay no miR-29b regulates the expression of hdac4 which plays a role in controlling renal fibrosis and podocytes' impairment in diabetic nephropathies. 32550152 MiR-29b attenuates histone deacetylase-4 mediated podocyte dysfunction and renal fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy 2019 kidney nephritis_interstitia mus_musculus mir-29c MI0000577 miRBase miRNA down-regulation COL2A1;TPM1 NA NA no miR-29c is downregulated in renal interstitial fibrosis in humans and rats and restored by activation of hif-alfa that attenuates fibrosis. 23467423 MiR-29c is downregulated in renal interstitial fibrosis in humans and rats and restored by HIF-alpha activation 2013 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-302b MI0003716 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY Masson's trichrome staining; dual-luciferase reporter assay etc. no miR-302b attenuated renal fibrosis by targeting TGF-beta R2 to suppress TGF-beta/Smad signaling activation. 33503202 MicroRNA-302b mitigates renal fibrosis via inhibiting TGF-beta/Smad pathway activation 2021 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-302d MI0003718 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA APELIN SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no miR-302d decreased TGF-beta-induced epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) in renal hkc8 epithelial cells and attenuated TGF-beta-induced mesangial production of fibronectin and thrombospondin. 22976296 "CCN2/CTGF increases expression of miR-302 microRNAs, which target the TGFbeta type II receptor with implications for nephropathic cell phenotypes" 2012 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-30b MI0000145 miRBase miRNA down-regulation SNAT1 NA qRT-PCR; dual-luciferase reporter assay etc. no miR-30b-5p play a protective role by targeting snai1 in renal epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in diabetic nephropathy. 33383483 MiR-30b-5p modulate renal epithelial-mesenchymal transition in diabetic nephropathy by directly targeting SNAI1 2021 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-30c-2 MI0000548 miRBase miRNA down-regulation SNAIL TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY dual-luciferase reporter assay; etc. no miR-30c against diabetic nephropathy by suppressing diabetic nephropathies via inhibiting Snail1-TGF-beta pathway. 28127848 MiR-30c protects diabetic nephropathy by suppressing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in db/db mice 2017 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-30c-1 MI0000547 miRBase miRNA down-regulation SNAIL TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY dual-luciferase reporter assay; etc. no miR-30c against diabetic nephropathy by suppressing diabetic nephropathies via inhibiting Snail2-TGF-beta pathway. 28127848 MiR-30c protects diabetic nephropathy by suppressing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in db/db mice 2017 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-30e MI0000259 miRBase miRNA down-regulation GLIPR-2 NA qRT-PCR; MTT ASSAY etc. no "miR-30e is downregulated in diabetic nephropathies, and the overexpression of miR-30e can inhibit glipr-2, promote the proliferation of rtecs and inhibit epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), ultimately avoid leading to renal fibrosis in diabetic nephropathies." 28733476 MiR-30e targets GLIPR-2 to modulate diabetic nephropathy: in vitro and in vivo experiments 2017 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-325 MI0000597 miRBase miRNA down-regulation CCL19 NA qRT-PCR; cell counting kit-8 analysis; etc. no miR-325-3p inhibits renal inflammation and fibrosis by targeting CCl19 in a diabetic nephropathies cell model and mice model. 32603491 MiR-325-3p inhibits renal inflammation and fibrosis by targeting CCL19 in diabetic nephropathy 2020 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-326 MI0000598 miRBase miRNA down-regulation FCgamaRIII TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY RT-PCR; dual-luciferase reporter assay no miR-326-3p/TGF-beta/smad signaling pathway was investigated to be involved in the pathophysiology of renal fibrosis of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). 28921768 MicroRNA-326-3p ameliorates high glucose and ox-LDL-IC- induced fibrotic injury in renal mesangial cells by targeting FcgamaRIII 2018 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-328a NA NA miRNA down-regulation CD44 NA microarray analysis no miR-328-mediated cd44 transient upregulation is an important trigger of the pressure-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in renal fibrosis. 24919189 MicroRNA-328 inhibits renal tubular cell epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition by targeting the CD44 in pressure-induced renal fibrosis 2014 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-33 MI0000707 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA NA no miR-33 may be an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of chronic kidney disease. 31613798 Genetic deficiency or pharmacological inhibition of miR-33 protects from kidney fibrosis 2019 kidney kidney_failure_chronic mus_musculus mir-34c MI0000403 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA NA no miR-34c attenuates epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and kidney fibrosis of mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). 24694752 MiR-34c attenuates epithelial-mesenchymal transition and kidney fibrosis with ureteral obstruction 2014 kidney nephritis_interstitia mus_musculus mir-376b MI0001162 miRBase miRNA up-regulation ATG5 NA dual-luciferase reporter assay; MTT assays; flow cytometery etc. no miR-376b downregulation promotes macrophage autophagy to relieve renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) by negatively regulating Atg5 in mice with chronic kidney disease (CKD). 30472709 Inhibition of microRNA-376b Protects Against Renal Interstitial Fibrosis via Inducing Macrophage Autophagy by Upregulating Atg5 in Mice with Chronic Kidney Disease 2018 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-379 MI0000796 miRBase miRNA down-regulation LIN28B NA NA no miR-379-5p agomiR suppressed mesangial cell proliferation and the accumulation of extracellular matrix components by regulating the lin28b/let-7 pathway. 31485601 MicroRNA-379-5p suppresses renal fibrosis by regulating the LIN28/let-7 axis in diabetic nephropathy 2019 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-384 MI0001146 miRBase miRNA up-regulation BMP7 NA NA no miR-384-5p as a crucial factor that regulates the fibrosis-related pathogenesis after renal injury. 28526933 Protection of tubular epithelial cells during renal injury via post-transcriptional control of BMP7 2017 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-451-b MI0021960 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA immunohistochemistry no miR-451 in reducing renal fibrosis by enhancing autophagy in obese mice. 32715758 Systemic inhibition of miR-451 increases fibrotic signaling and diminishes autophagic response to exacerbate renal damage in Tallyho/Jng mice 2020 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-451-a MI0001730 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA immunohistochemistry no miR-451 in reducing renal fibrosis by enhancing autophagy in obese mice. 32715758 Systemic inhibition of miR-451 increases fibrotic signaling and diminishes autophagic response to exacerbate renal damage in Tallyho/Jng mice 2020 kidney nephritis_interstitia mus_musculus mir-542 MI0003522 miRBase miRNA up-regulation AGO1 NA histological experiments; dual-luciferase reporter assay no miR-542-3p induced kidney fibrogenesis both in vivo and in vitro through targeting Ago1. 32470449 MiR-542-3p drives renal fibrosis by targeting AGO1 in vivo and in vitro 2020 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-542 MI0003522 miRBase miRNA up-regulation BMP7 NA RT-PCR; dual-luciferase reporter assay no miR542-3p may be a critical mediator of the induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) via directly targeting BMP7. 26610487 MiR542-3p Regulates the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition by Directly Targeting BMP7 in NRK52e 2015 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-98 MI0000586 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NEDD4L TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no "miR-98 is upregulated in kidney tissues of dn rats, and miR-98 diminution and nedd4l elevation attenuate renal fibrosis through inactivation of the diabetic nephropathy/smad2/3 pathway" 33315506 Diminution of microRNA-98 alleviates renal fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy by elevating Nedd4L and inactivating TGF-beta/Smad2/3 pathway 2020 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-98 MI0000586 miRBase miRNA down-regulation HMGA2 NA NA no miR-98-5p could suppress the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process and renal fibrosis through targeting hmga2 in diabetic nephropathies. 31885559 MiR-98-5p Alleviated Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition and Renal Fibrosis via Targeting Hmga2 in Diabetic Nephropathy 2019 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-184 MI0000226 miRBase miRNA up-regulation HIF1AN NA NA no miRNA-184 is an important agent to promote the fibrosis though binding to HIF1AN. 30536131 The miRNA-184 drives renal fibrosis by targeting HIF1AN in vitro and in vivo 2019 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-129-2 MI0000585 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA NA no Neat1 sponged miR-129 to modulate the epithelial-mesenchymal transition process and inflammation response of renal fibrosis by regulation of collagen type i. 32475133 Long noncoding RNA NEAT1 sponges miR-129 to modulate renal fibrosis by regulation of collagen type I 2020 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-129-1 MI0000222 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA NA no Neat1 sponged miR-129 to modulate the epithelial-mesenchymal transition process and inflammation response of renal fibrosis by regulation of collagen type i. 32475133 Long noncoding RNA NEAT1 sponges miR-129 to modulate renal fibrosis by regulation of collagen type I 2020 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-199a-1 MI0000241 miRBase miRNA up-regulation SOCS7 P53 SIGNALING PATHWAY CHIP analysis no Novel p53/miR-199a-3p/Socs7/STAT3 pathway in renal interstitial fibrosis. 28240316 P53 induces miR199a-3p to suppress SOCS7 for STAT3 activation and renal fibrosis in UUO 2017 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-142a MI0000167 miRBase miRNA down-regulation PTEN PI3K-AKT SIGNALING PATHWAY qPCR; dual-luciferase reporter assay; Masson's trichrome staining etc. no Oleanolic acid alleviated diabetic renal fibrosis by increasing autophagy through regulation of miR-142-5p/PTEN via PI3k/Akt/mtor pathway in nrk-52e cells. 31410746 Oleanolic acid attenuated diabetic mesangial cell injury by activation of autophagy via miRNA-142-5p/PTEN signaling 2019 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-181a-2 MI0000223 miRBase miRNA up-regulation TGF-betaRIII NA qRT-PCR; cell counting kit-8 analysis no "Overexpression of miR-181a promoted extracellular matrix under high glucose by measuring related indexes such as collagen i, collagen iv, and fibronectin." 31949789 Downregulation of miR-181a alleviates renal fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy mice 2018 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-181a-1 MI0000697 miRBase miRNA up-regulation TGF-betaRIII NA qRT-PCR; cell counting kit-8 analysis no "Overexpression of miR-181a promoted extracellular matrix under high glucose by measuring related indexes such as collagen i, collagen iv, and fibronectin." 31949789 Downregulation of miR-181a alleviates renal fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy mice 2018 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-27a MI0000578 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no Overexpression of miR-23a/27a in muscle prevents diabetes-induced muscle cachexia and attenuates renal fibrosis lesions via muscle-kidney crosstalk. 29582582 MiRNA-23a/27a attenuates muscle atrophy and renal fibrosis through muscle-kidney crosstalk 2018 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-23a MI0000571 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no Overexpression of miR-23a/27a in muscle prevents diabetes-induced muscle cachexia and attenuates renal fibrosis lesions via muscle-kidney crosstalk. 29582582 MiRNA-23a/27a attenuates muscle atrophy and renal fibrosis through muscle-kidney crosstalk 2018 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-27a MI0000578 miRBase miRNA up-regulation PPAR gama NA NA no "Pecific reduction of renal miR-27a decreases renal fibrosis, which may be explained in part by its regulation of PPAR gama." 27184517 "MicroRNA-27a Induces Mesangial Cell Injury by Targeting of PPARgama, and its In Vivo Knockdown Prevents Progression of Diabetic Nephropathy" 2016 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus miR-342-5p MIMAT0004653 miRBase miRNA up-regulation FOXO3 TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY RT-PCR; immunohistochemistry no "Ptch1 expression is negatively regulated by miR-342-5p and positively regulated by foxo3, and downregulation of ptch1 induced autophagy in TGF-beta-stimulated tcmk-1 cells." 33251198 Regulation of Ptch1 by miR-342-5p and FoxO3 Induced Autophagy Involved in Renal Fibrosis 2020 kidney nephritis_interstitia mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA up-regulation PTEN PI3K-AKT SIGNALING PATHWAY RT-PCR; yes "Pure total flavonoids from Smilax glabra Roxb (PTFS) has strong anti-diabetic nephropathies and antifibrosis effects both in vitro and in vivo. The mechanism underlying these effects may be related to inhibition of TGF-beta/smad, and their downstream miR-21/PTEN signaling, leading to blocks of diabetic nephropathies process during renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF)." 30304552 Total flavonoids from Smilax glabra Roxb blocks epithelial-mesenchymal transition and inhibits renal interstitial fibrosis by targeting miR-21/PTEN signaling 2019 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-29a MI0000576 miRBase miRNA down-regulation RAAVV6 NA NA no Raav6 is the most suitable serotype for kidney-targeted gene delivery and raav6-mediated miR-29b delivery into kidney tubular epithelial cells (TECs) can suppress established renal fibrosis. 31482255 RAAV6-mediated miR-29b delivery suppresses renal fibrosis 2019 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-192 MI0000551 miRBase miRNA up-regulation ZEB1;ZEB2 NA NA no Reduction of renal miR-192 decreases renal fibrosis and improves proteinuria. 22223877 Inhibiting microRNA-192 ameliorates renal fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy 2012 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-30c-1 MI0000547 miRBase miRNA down-regulation CTGF NA immunohistochemistry; RT-PCR; etc. no Replenishing miR-30c may ameliorate renal structure and function by reducing renal fibrosis in diabetic nephropathies. 26775556 Downregulation of miR-30c promotes renal fibrosis by target CTGF in diabetic nephropathy 2016 kidney nephritis_interstitia mus_musculus mir-30e MI0000259 miRBase miRNA down-regulation SNAIL;SLUG;ZEB2 NA dual-luciferase reporter assay yes "Schisandrin B (Sch B) can decrease the expression of snail, slug, and zeb2, thereby attenuating the EMT of proximal tubular cells (PTCs) during tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF) by upregulating miR-30e." 31697999 Schisandrin B attenuates renal fibrosis via miR-30e-mediated inhibition of EMT 2019 kidney nephritis_interstitia mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA MAPK SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no Silenced miR-21 probably suppresses renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) via the Erk1/2 signaling pathway. 31389582 Silenced miR-21 inhibits renal interstitial fibrosis via targeting ERK1/2 signaling pathway in mice 2019 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-132 MI0000158 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY;JAK-STAT SIGNALING PATHWAY qRT-PCR; pathway analysis no Silencing miR-132 counteracts the progression of renal fibrosis by selectively decreasing myofibroblast proliferation. 27165825 Silencing of microRNA-132 reduces renal fibrosis by selectively inhibiting myofibroblast proliferation 2016 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no Snon suppresses the development of diabetic nephropathies as well as renal fibrosis by downregulating miR-21. 30847937 Ski-related novel protein suppresses the development of diabetic nephropathy by modulating transforming growth factor-beta signaling and microRNA-21 expression 2019 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-136 MI0000162 miRBase miRNA down-regulation SYK TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no "Syk activates TGF-beta/smad3 signaling, while miR-136 inhibits TGF-beta/smad3 signaling mediating tubular epithelial cell fibrosis by down-regulating syk." 32441195 MiR-136 improves renal fibrosis in diabetic rats by targeting down-regulation of tyrosine kinase SYK and inhibition of TGF-beta1/Smad3 signaling pathway 2020 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-29 MI0000576 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no "TGF-beta inhibits expression of the miR-29 family, thereby promoting expression of extracellular matrix components." 22095944 Suppression of microRNA-29 expression by TGF-beta1 promotes collagen expression and renal fibrosis 2012 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-34a MI0000584 miRBase miRNA up-regulation KLOTHO TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY dual-luciferase reporter assay no "The aberrant upregulation of miR-34a and klotho reduction in obstructed kidney, and markedly ameliorated renal fibrosis in the adriamycin nephropathy and unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model mice." 30853453 MicroRNA-34a Promotes Renal Fibrosis by Downregulation of Klotho in Tubular Epithelial Cells 2019 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-30c-1 MI0000547 miRBase miRNA down-regulation CTGF MAPK SIGNALING PATHWAY dual-luciferase reporter assay no The cooperative roles of miR-26a and miR-30c in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. 27874055 The coordinated roles of miR-26a and miR-30c in regulating TGFbeta1-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in diabetic nephropathy 2016 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-26a MI0000573 miRBase miRNA down-regulation CTGF MAPK SIGNALING PATHWAY dual-luciferase reporter assay no The cooperative roles of miR-26a and miR-30c in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. 27874055 The coordinated roles of miR-26a and miR-30c in regulating TGFbeta1-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in diabetic nephropathy 2016 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-146a MI0000170 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no The delivery of miR-146a attenuated renal fibrosis by inhibiting pro-fibrotic and inflammatory signaling pathways. 25999712 Delivery of microRNA-146a with polyethylenimine nanoparticles inhibits renal fibrosis in vivo 2015 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus let-7c-1 MI0000559 miRBase miRNA down-regulation TGF-betaRI TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no The effective antifibrotic function of engineered mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is able to selectively transfer miR-let7c to damaged kidney cells. 27203438 Mesenchymal Stem Cells Deliver Exogenous MicroRNA-let7c via Exosomes to Attenuate Renal Fibrosis 2016 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus let-7c-2 MI0000560 miRBase miRNA down-regulation TGF-betaRI TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no The effective antifibrotic function of engineered mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is able to selectively transfer miR-let7c to damaged kidney cells. 27203438 Mesenchymal Stem Cells Deliver Exogenous MicroRNA-let7c via Exosomes to Attenuate Renal Fibrosis 2016 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-29a MI0000576 miRBase miRNA down-regulation MMP-2 NA Masson's trichrome staining; dual-luciferase reporter assay etc. no The effects of ang ii on miR-29a-3p expression in renal tubules is different from the one exerted in the glomeruli and that miR-29a-3p targets MMP-2. 26700017 Different regulation of miR-29a-3p in glomeruli and tubules in an experimental model of angiotensin II-dependent hypertension: potential role in renal fibrosis 2016 kidney acute_kidney_injury mus_musculus mir-1247 MI0004120 miRBase miRNA down-regulation SRY-SOX9 NA NA no The level of sox9 protein in the kidneys of acute kidney injury (AKI)-mice is reduced and correlates inversely with increased expression of microrna miR-1247. 28285099 MiR-1247 blocks SOX9-mediated regeneration in alcohol- and fibrosis-associated acute kidney injury in mice 2017 kidney kidney_tubular_necrosis_acute mus_musculus mir-378a MI0000795 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA MAPK SIGNALING PATHWAY qPCR no "The protective function of MAPK1, regulated by miR-378, in the induction of kidney cell fibrosis and mesangial hypertrophy." 28053239 MiR-378 reduces mesangial hypertrophy and kidney tubular fibrosis via MAPK signalling 2017 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-29a MI0000576 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA WNT SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no The reciprocal relationship between miR-29a and dkk1/Wnt/beta-catenin signaling may play an important part in protecting renal fibrogenesis. 27460630 Protective effects of miR-29a on diabetic glomerular dysfunction by modulation of DKK1/Wnt/beta-catenin signaling 2016 kidney renal_insufficiency mus_musculus mir-150 MI0000172 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA NA no Tubular epithelial cells (TECs) have the ability to employ exosomes to initiate the activation and proliferation of fibroblasts via direct shuttling of miR-150-containing exosomes during reparative responses. 32315664 Injured tubular epithelial cells activate fibroblasts to promote kidney fibrosis through miR-150-containing exosomes 2020 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-126 MI0000898 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA VEGF SIGNALING PATHWAY Masson's trichrome staining; qRT-PCR yes "Yishen huoxue prescription may use up-regulation the signaling pathways of miR-126/VEGF-Notch to mediate renal microvascular newly born, eventually to improve renal microvascular damage and delay the development of renal fibrosis progression." 30439324 Research on the intervention of Yishen Huoxue prescription to renal fibrosis through the signal regulation by microRNA-126 to VEGF-Notch 2018 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA METABOLIC PATHWAYS NA no NA 22344686 MicroRNA-21 promotes fibrosis of the kidney by silencing metabolic pathways 2012 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA NA no NA 23469132 Increased circulating miR-21 levels are associated with kidney fibrosis 2013 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-30e MI0000259 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY dual-luciferase reporter assay no NA 23515048 A microRNA-30e/mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 axis mediates TGF-beta1-induced tubular epithelial cell extracellular matrix production and kidney fibrosis 2013 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-29b-1 MI0000143 miRBase miRNA down-regulation SP1 TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no NA 24445937 MicroRNA-29b inhibits diabetic nephropathy in db/db mice 2014 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-183 MI0000225 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA qRT-PCR; Masson's trichrome staining etc. no NA 25831208 Expression of intronic miRNAs and their host gene Igf2 in a murine unilateral ureteral obstruction model 2015 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA up-regulation SMAD3 NA NA no NA 26415649 MiR-21 promotes renal fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy by targeting PTEN and SMAD7 2015 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-25 MI0000689 miRBase miRNA down-regulation CDC42 NA dual-luciferase reporter assay no NA 28923913 Variations in MicroRNA-25 Expression Influence the Severity of Diabetic Kidney Disease 2017 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus Mir29b-1 387223 Gene miRNA down-regulation NA NA Masson's trichrome staining; metabolic cage studies; bioinformatic analysis no NA 30120082 Tissue-specific effects of targeted mutation of Mir29b1 in rats 2018 kidney acute_kidney_injury mus_musculus mir-688 MI0004653 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA NA no NA 30418172 A protective role for microRNA-688 in acute kidney injury 2018 kidney kidney_failure_chronic mus_musculus mir-212 MI0000696 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA AMPK SIGNALING PATHWAY;MTOR SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no NA 30718600 Chronic kidney disease induces left ventricular overexpression of the pro-hypertrophic microRNA-212 2019 kidney kidney_failure_chronic mus_musculus mir-146b MI0004665 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY Echocardiography etc. no NA 31668631 MiR-146b-5p has a sex-specific role in renal and cardiac pathology in a rat model of chronic kidney disease 2019 kidney glomerulosclerosis_focal_segmental mus_musculus mir-150 MI0000172 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA NA no NA 31787235 MiR-150 inhibitor ameliorates adriamycin-induced focal segmental glomerulosclerosis 2020 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA H&E staining; PCR etc. no "3,3'-Diindolylmethane ameliorates experimental hepatic fibrosis via inhibiting mir-21 expression." 23902531 "3,3'-Diindolylmethane ameliorates experimental hepatic fibrosis via inhibiting miR-21 expression" 2013 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-1269a MI0006406 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NF-KAPPA B SIGNALING PATHWAY dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay; qRT-PCR; etc. no Ash1 and ezh2 protein expression was significantly elevated in fibrotic liver and significantly decreased in mmmp-9- and hgf-treated compared to saline-treated fibrotic livers with further reduction in the mmmp-9 group. 25974152 Upregulation of microRNA-126 in hepatic stellate cells may affect pathogenesis of liver fibrosis through the NF-KB pathway 2015 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-18a MI0000567 miRBase miRNA phosphorylated perk and hnrnpa1 NA NA immunoblottings; qRT-PCR; microrna mimics etc. no Brivanib reduces liver fibrosis in three different animal models and decreases human hepatic stellate cell activation. Brivanib may represent a novel therapeutic approach to treatment of liver fibrosis and prevention of liver cancer. 26435271 Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Hepatic Stellate Cells Promotes Liver Fibrosis via PERK-Mediated Degradation of HNRNPA1 and Up-regulation of SMAD2 2016 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-29a MI0000576 miRBase miRNA down-regulation HDAC NA q-PCR; etc. no Class ii hdac inhibition hampers hepatic stellate cell activation by induction of microrna-29. 23383282 Class II HDAC inhibition hampers hepatic stellate cell activation by induction of microRNA-29 2013 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-29b-1 MI0000143 miRBase miRNA dna methylation;down-regelation PTEN PTEN qRT-PCR; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay etc. no Dna methylation and mecp2 may provide molecular mechanisms for silencing of ptch1. 24138392 Curcumin up-regulates phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 through microRNA-mediated control of DNA methylation--a novel mechanism suppressing liver fibrosis 2014 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-378a MI0000795 miRBase miRNA dna methylation TGF-B2 TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY qRT-PCR; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay etc. no Dna methylation and mecp2 may provide molecular mechanisms for silencing of ptch1. 27855367 The Epigenetically-Regulated microRNA-378a Targets TGF-B2 in TGF-B1-Treated Hepatic Stellate Cells 2016 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-122 MI0000256 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA PCR; yes Elevated mir-122 serum levels are an independent marker of liver injury in inflammatory diseases. 25039534 Elevated miR-122 serum levels are an independent marker of liver injury in inflammatory diseases 2015 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-221 MI0000709 miRBase miRNA down-regulation OPN NA immunohistochemistry; PCR etc. yes Epigallocatechin-3-gallate upregulates mir-221 to inhibit osteopontin-dependent hepatic fibrosis. 27935974 Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Upregulates miR-221 to Inhibit Osteopontin-Dependent Hepatic Fibrosis 2016 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-454 NA NA miRNA down-regulation SMAD4 TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay etc. no Expression of microrna-454 in tgf-b1-stimulated hepatic stellate cells and in mouse livers infected with schistosoma japonicum. 24685242 Expression of microRNA-454 in TGF-B1-stimulated hepatic stellate cells and in mouse livers infected with Schistosoma japonicum 2014 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-29a MI0000576 miRBase miRNA down-regulation PDGF-C; IGF NA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; PCR etc. yes Expression of platelet-derived growth factor-c and insulin-like growth factor i in hepatic stellate cells is inhibited by mir-29. 22565577 Expression of platelet-derived growth factor-C and insulin-like growth factor I in hepatic stellate cells is inhibited by miR-29 2012 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-181b-1 MI0000723 miRBase miRNA up-regulation PTEN; AKT PTEN; PI3K-AKT SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay yes Hepatic stellate cell is activated by microrna-181b via pten;Akt pathway. 25148875 Hepatic stellate cell is activated by microRNA-181b via PTEN/Akt pathway 2015 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-15a MI0000564 miRBase miRNA down-regulation SMAD7; TGF-B TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay etc. yes Hepatitis b virus regulates apoptosis and tumorigenesis through the microrna-15a-smad7-transforming growth factor beta pathway. 25540364 Hepatitis B virus regulates apoptosis and tumorigenesis through the microRNA-15a-Smad7-transforming growth factor beta pathway 2015 liver hepatitis mus_musculus mir-16-1 MI0000565 miRBase miRNA down-regulation SMAD7 TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; PCR etc. no "Hepatitis c virus infection induced mir-16 up-regulation, by down-regulating hepatocyte growth factor and smad7 to promote liver fibrosis." 26071245 Increased miR-16 expression induced by hepatitis C virus infection promotes liver fibrosis through downregulation of hepatocyte growth factor and Smad7 2015 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA flow cytometry; PCR; immunofluorescence etc. yes "In mice with tgf- [beta] iir receptor inactivation, mir-21 overexpression was associated with an increase in inflammatory factor activity." 23395552 Overexpression of microRNA-21 is associated with elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines in dominant-negative TGF-B receptor type II mouse 2013 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus miR-17-5p MIMAT0000649 miRBase miRNA down-regulation WNT; B-CATENIN WNT SIGNALING PATHWAY; CATENIN BETA 1 PCR; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay; etc. yes "Increased expression of mir-17-5p, decreased expression of wif1, activation of wnt pathway, occurrence of fibrosis, and inhibition of mir-17-5p expression by salb." 26637809 MicroRNA-17-5p-activated Wnt/B-catenin pathway contributes to the progression of liver fibrosis 2015 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-214 MI0000698 miRBase miRNA down-regulation EGFR; TGF-B EGFR; TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY immunofluorescence; immunohistochemistry; etc. yes Inhibition of microrna-214 ameliorates hepatic fibrosis and tumor incidence in platelet-derived growth factor c transgenic mice. 26122702 Inhibition of microRNA-214 ameliorates hepatic fibrosis and tumor incidence in platelet-derived growth factor C transgenic mice 2015 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-24-1 MI0000231 miRBase miRNA down-regulation MENIN NA PCR; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay etc. yes Inhibition of microrna-24 increases liver fibrosis by enhanced menin expression in mdr2(-/-) Mice. 28602220 Inhibition of microRNA-24 increases liver fibrosis by enhanced menin expression in Mdr2(-/-) mice 2017 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA up-regulation ERK1 ERK PCR; etc. yes Inhibition of mir-21 inhibits hsc and hepatocyte emt and erk1 pathway to reduce experimental liver fibrosis. 27226339 Inhibiting miR-21 attenuates experimental hepatic fibrosis by suppressing both the ERK1 pathway in HSC and hepatocyte EMT 2016 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-23b MI0000141 miRBase miRNA up-regulation SMAD4 TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR etc. yes "Knockdown of mir-23, mir-27, and mir-24 alters fetal liver development and blocks fibrosis in mice." 27938504 "Knockdown of miR-23, miR-27, and miR-24 Alters Fetal Liver Development and Blocks Fibrosis in Mice" 2017 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-27b MI0000142 miRBase miRNA up-regulation SMAD4 TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR etc. yes "Knockdown of mir-23, mir-27, and mir-24 alters fetal liver development and blocks fibrosis in mice." 27938504 "Knockdown of miR-23, miR-27, and miR-24 Alters Fetal Liver Development and Blocks Fibrosis in Mice" 2017 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-24-1 MI0000231 miRBase miRNA up-regulation SMAD4 TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR etc. yes "Knockdown of mir-23, mir-27, and mir-24 alters fetal liver development and blocks fibrosis in mice." 27938504 "Knockdown of miR-23, miR-27, and miR-24 Alters Fetal Liver Development and Blocks Fibrosis in Mice" 2017 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA immunofluorescence; PCR etc. yes Knockout of microrna-21 can reduce bile hyperplasia and hepatic fibrosis in biliary cholangiocarcinoma mice. 27775690 Knockout of microRNA-21 reduces biliary hyperplasia and liver fibrosis in cholestatic bile duct ligated mice 2016 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus miR-17-5p MIMAT0000649 miRBase miRNA up-regulation LINCRNA-P21 WNT SIGNALING PATHWAY; CATENIN BETA 1 PCR; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay etc. no "Lincrna-p21 inhibits hepatic stellate cell activation by inhibiting the wnt ; B-catenin pathway, whereas microrna-17-5p can block this effect of lincrna-p21, reactivating lincrna-p21-inhibited wnt ; Beta-catenin pathway." 28391277 LincRNA-p21 Inhibits the Wnt/B-Catenin Pathway in Activated Hepatic Stellate Cells via Sponging MicroRNA-17-5p 2017 liver non-alcoholic_fatty_liver_disease mus_musculus miR-128-3p MIMAT0000140 miRBase miRNA down-regulation PPARY PPAR SIGNALING PATHWAY RT-PCR; immunofluorescence etc. yes "Lipid-induced hepatocyte-derived extracellular vesicles are mediated by ppar-gamma-mirna-128-3p-mediated hepatic stellate cells, mirna-128-3p inhibits ppary-inhibited hepatic stellate cell activation." 26783552 Lipid-induced hepatocyte-derived extracellular vesicles regulate hepatic stellate cell via microRNAs targeting PPAR-gama 2015 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-194-1 MI0000236 miRBase miRNA down-regulation C-MYB; RAC NA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; PCR etc. yes "Liver fibrosis causes downregulation of mirna-150 and mirna-194 in hepatic stellate cells, and their overexpression causes decreased stellate cell activation." 19892940 "Liver fibrosis causes downregulation of miRNA-150 and miRNA-194 in hepatic stellate cells, and their overexpression causes decreased stellate cell activation" 2010 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-150 MI0000172 miRBase miRNA down-regulation C-MYB; RAC NA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; PCR etc. yes "Liver fibrosis causes downregulation of mirna-150 and mirna-194 in hepatic stellate cells, and their overexpression causes decreased stellate cell activation." 19892940 "Liver fibrosis causes downregulation of miRNA-150 and miRNA-194 in hepatic stellate cells, and their overexpression causes decreased stellate cell activation" 2010 liver non-alcoholic_fatty_liver_disease mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA up-regulation PPARA PPAR SIGNALING PATHWAY H&E staining; RT-PCR; immunofluorescence etc. yes "Liver microrna-21 overexpression in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, inhibition of ppara, promotion of hepatocyte injury, inflammation and fibrosis." 26338827 Liver microRNA-21 is overexpressed in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and contributes to the disease in experimental models by inhibiting PPARalfa expression 2016 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-101b MI0000649 miRBase miRNA down-regulation RAC1 NA qRT-PCR; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay etc. yes Malat1 functions as a competing endogenous rna to mediate rac1 expression byc sequestering mir-101b in liver fibrosis. 26697839 MALAT1 functions as a competing endogenous RNA to mediate Rac1 expression byc sequestering miR-101b in liver fibrosis 2015 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-29b-1 MI0000143 miRBase miRNA down-regulation SMAD3 PI3K-AKT SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no Mecp2 positively regulates ash1 expression and therefore identify ash1 as a key transcriptional activator component of the mecp2 epigenetic relay pathway that orchestrates coordinated induction of multiple profibrogenic genes. 25356754 MicroRNA-29b prevents liver fibrosis by attenuating hepatic stellate cell activation and inducing apoptosis through targeting PI3K/AKT pathway 2015 liver liver_diseases_alcoholic mus_musculus mir-34a MI0000584 miRBase miRNA promoter hypomethylation NA NA RT-PCR; immunohistochemical; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay etc. no "Mecp2 silencing of h19 can alter the igf1r overexpression, thus contributing to hscs proliferation." 22841474 Epigenetic regulation of miR-34a expression in alcoholic liver injury 2012 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-200a MI0000554 miRBase miRNA down-regulation GLI2 HEDGEHOG SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay etc. yes Microrna 200a suppresses epithelial to mesenchymal transition in rat hepatic stellate cells via gli family zinc finger 2. 26499180 MicroRNA 200a suppresses epithelial to mesenchymal transition in rat hepatic stellate cells via GLI family zinc finger 2 2015 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-122 MI0000256 miRBase miRNA down-regulation HYPOXIA-INDUCIBLE FACTOR-1; VIMENTIN NA PCR; transfection etc. yes Microrna-122 regulates hypoxia-inducible factor-1 and vimentin in hepatocytes and is associated with fibrosis in dietary-induced steatohepatitis. 25040043 MicroRNA-122 regulates hypoxia-inducible factor-1 and vimentin in hepatocytes and correlates with fibrosis in diet-induced steatohepatitis 2014 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus miR-125a-5p MIMAT0000135 miRBase miRNA up-regulation FIH1 NA PCR; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay etc. no Microrna-125a-5p promotes hepatic stellate cell activation by targeting fih1. 27074047 MicroRNA-125a-5p Contributes to Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation through Targeting FIH1 2016 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-145a MI0000169 miRBase miRNA down-regulation ZEB1 WNT SIGNALING PATHWAY; CATENIN BETA 1 PCR; flow cytometric etc. yes Microrna-145 inhibits hepatic stellate cell activation and proliferation by targeting zeb2 through wnt;B-catenin pathway. 27289031 MicroRNA-145 inhibits hepatic stellate cell activation and proliferation by targeting ZEB2 through Wnt-catenin pathway 2016 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-155 MI0000177 miRBase miRNA down-regulation TCF4; AGTR1; ERK1 TCF4-12; AGTR1; ERK2 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; PCR etc. no Microrna-155 attenuates activation of hepatic stellate cell by simultaneously preventing emt process and erk1 signalling pathway. 25142507 MicroRNA-155 attenuates activation of hepatic stellate cell by simultaneously preventing EMT process and ERK1 signalling pathway 2014 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-155 MI0000177 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NF-KB; SMAD3 TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR etc. yes Microrna-155 deficiency attenuates liver steatosis and fibrosis without reducing inflammation in a mouse model of steatohepatitis. 26042593 MicroRNA-155 Deficiency Attenuates Liver Steatosis and Fibrosis without Reducing Inflammation in a Mouse Model of Steatohepatitis 2015 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus miR-17-5p MIMAT0000649 miRBase miRNA up-regulation SMAD7 TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY immunofluorescence; PCR etc. yes Microrna-17-5p activates hepatic stellate cells through targeting of smad7. 25915722 MicroRNA-17-5p activates hepatic stellate cells through targeting of Smad7 2015 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-19b MI0000546 miRBase miRNA down-regulation GRB2 NA PCR; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay yes Microrna-19b reduces hepatic stellate cell proliferation by targeting grb2 in hepatic fibrosis models in vivo and in vitro as part of the inhibitory effect of estradiol. 25650006 MicroRNA-19b reduces hepatic stellate cell proliferation by targeting GRB2 in hepatic fibrosis models in vivo and in vitro as part of the inhibitory effect of estradiol 2015 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-200a MI0000554 miRBase miRNA down-regulation KEAP1 NA immunohistochemistry; PCR etc. yes Microrna-200a controls the proliferation of hepatic stellate cells and the activation of nrf2 in fibrosis by targeting keap1. 25049078 MicroRNA-200a controls Nrf2 activation by target Keap1 in hepatic stellate cellproliferation and fibrosis 2014 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-203 MI0000246 miRBase miRNA up-regulation SOCS3 NA RT-PCR; immunohistochemistry yes Microrna-203 promotes liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy in cirrhotic rats. 28501131 MicroRNA-203 promotes liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy in cirrhotic rats 2017 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-222 MI0000710 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NF-KB NF-KAPPA B SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; immunoblotting; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay etc. yes Microrna-221;222 Upregulation indicates the activation of stellate cells and the progression of liver fibrosis. 22267590 MicroRNA-221/222 upregulation indicates the activation of stellate cells and the progression of liver fibrosis 2012 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-221 MI0000709 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NF-KB NF-KAPPA B SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; immunoblotting; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay etc. yes Microrna-221;222 Upregulation indicates the activation of stellate cells and the progression of liver fibrosis. 22267590 MicroRNA-221/222 upregulation indicates the activation of stellate cells and the progression of liver fibrosis 2012 liver jaundice_obstructive mus_musculus mir-29a MI0000576 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA immunofluorescence; PCR etc. yes Microrna-29a protects against acute liver injury in a mouse model of obstructive jaundice via inhibition of the extrinsic apoptosis pathway. 24052410 MicroRNA-29a protects against acute liver injury in a mouse model of obstructive jaundice via inhibition of the extrinsic apoptosis pathway 2014 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-29a MI0000576 miRBase miRNA down-regulation PI3K; AKT PI4K-AKT SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay etc. yes Microrna-29b prevents hepatic fibrosis by reducing hepatic stellate cell activation and inducing apoptosis by targeting the pi3k ; Akt pathway. 25356754 MicroRNA-29b prevents liver fibrosis by attenuating hepatic stellate cell activation and inducing apoptosis through targeting PI3K/AKT pathway 2015 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-30a MI0000144 miRBase miRNA down-regulation TGF-B TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay etc. yes Microrna-30 protects carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic fibrosis by attenuating transforming growth factor beta signaling in hepatic stellate cells. 25912033 MicroRNA-30 Protects Against Carbon Tetrachloride-induced Liver Fibrosis by Attenuating Transforming Growth Factor Beta Signaling in Hepatic Stellate Cells 2015 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-30a MI0000144 miRBase miRNA down-regulation TGF-B TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay; etc. yes Microrna-30 protects carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic fibrosis by attenuating transforming growth factor beta signaling in hepatic stellate cells. 25912033 MicroRNA-30 Protects Against Carbon Tetrachloride-induced Liver Fibrosis by Attenuating Transforming Growth Factor Beta Signaling in Hepatic Stellate Cells 2015 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-30c-2 MI0000548 miRBase miRNA down-regulation PAI-1 NA dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay; PCR; yes "Microrna-30a is involved in the activation of hepatic stellate cells by inhibiting plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, and can be used as biomarkers of hepatic fibrosis ; Cirrhosis. Ang ii stimulation can reduce the expression of mir-30a." 27142827 Involvement of miR-30c in hepatic stellate cell activation through the repression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 2016 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-370 MI0001165 miRBase miRNA down-regulation SMOOTHENED NA PCR; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay yes Microrna-370 attenuates hepatic fibrogenesis by targeting smoothened. 25686745 MicroRNA-370 Attenuates Hepatic Fibrogenesis by Targeting Smoothened 2015 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-101a MI0000148 miRBase miRNA down-regulation TGF-BRI; KLF6 TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; H&E staining etc. yes "Mir-101 targets tbri ; Klf6, inhibits hepatocyte proliferation-induced apoptosis, attenuates fibrosis." 24817606 MicroRNA-101 suppresses liver fibrosis by targeting the TGFBsignalling pathway 2014 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-122 MI0000256 miRBase miRNA down-regulation FN1 NA PCR; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay etc. yes Mir-122 directly inhibits the expression of fn1 by binding its 3 'untranslated region and indirectly reduces the transcription of a-sma and col1a1 by inhibiting the expression of serum response factor (srf). 25909171 Identification of a novel TGF-B-miR-122-fibronectin 1/serum response factor signaling cascade and its implication in hepatic fibrogenesis 2015 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-122 MI0000256 miRBase miRNA down-regulation P4HA1 NA PCR; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay etc. yes Mir-122 inhibits collagen production and cell proliferation by targeting inhibition of p4ha1 expression. 23178710 MiR-122 regulates collagen production via targeting hepatic stellate cells and suppressing P4HA1 expression 2013 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-122 MI0000256 miRBase miRNA down-regulation P4HA1 NA PCR; immunofluorescence etc. yes Mir-122 inhibits collagen production and cell proliferation by targeting inhibition of p4ha1 expression. 23178710 MiR-122 regulates collagen production via targeting hepatic stellate cells and suppressing P4HA1 expression 2013 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-122 MI0000256 miRBase miRNA down-regulation KLF6 NA PCR; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay etc. yes "Mir-122 overexpression reverses liver disease. The incidence of hepatic fibrosis may be attributed in part to the role of the mir-122a target klf6 transcript. In addition, the mir122a -/- Liver is shown to be interrupted in a series of pathways, many of which are very similar to those found in human hcc." 22820290 MicroRNA-122 plays a critical role in liver homeostasis and hepatocarcinogenesis 2012 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus miR-130a-3p MIMAT0000141 miRBase miRNA down-regulation TGF-BRI; TGF-BRII TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay etc. yes Mir-130a-3p attenuates activation and induces apoptosis of hepatic stellate cells in nonalcoholic fibrosing steatohepatitis by directly targeting tgfbr1 and tgfbr2. 28518142 MiR-130a-3p attenuates activation and induces apoptosis of hepatic stellate cells in nonalcoholic fibrosing steatohepatitis by directly targeting TGFBR1 and TGFBR2 2017 liver non-alcoholic_fatty_liver_disease mus_musculus miR-146a-5p MIMAT0000158 miRBase miRNA down-regulation WNT1; WNT5A WNT SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay yes Mir-146a-5p suppresses activation and proliferation of hepatic stellate cells in nonalcoholic fibrosing steatohepatitis through directly targeting wnt1 and wnt5a. 26537990 MiR-146a-5p suppresses activation and proliferation of hepatic stellate cells in nonalcoholic fibrosing steatohepatitis through directly targeting Wnt1 and Wnt5a 2015 liver carcinoma_hepatocellular mus_musculus mir-148a MI0000550 miRBase miRNA down-regulation IKB KINASEA; NUMB NOTCH SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR yes "Mir-148a is an inhibitor of ikb kinase a ; Numb ; Notch pathway and a hepatocyte differentiation inducer, and its expression disorder promotes the development of hcc. Differentiated targeted therapy may be a promising strategy for the treatment and prevention of hcc." 26599259 Differentiation therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: Multifaceted effects of mmiR-148a on tumor growth and phenotype and liver fibrosis 2016 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-181a-2 MI0000223 miRBase miRNA down-regulation TGF-B TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay etc. no Mir-181a mediates tgf-b-induced hepatocyte emt and is dysregulated in cirrhosis and hepatocellular cancer. 24576072 MiR-181a mediates TGF-B-induced hepatocyte EMT and is dysregulated in cirrhosis and hepatocellular cancer 2014 liver carcinoma_hepatocellular mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA up-regulation CD24 NA immunofluorescence etc. yes Mir-21 inhibition reduces liver fibrosis and prevents tumor development by inducing apoptosis of cd24+ progenitor cells. 25769721 MiR-21 Inhibition Reduces Liver Fibrosis and Prevents Tumor Development by Inducing Apoptosis of CD24+ Progenitor Cells 2015 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-214 MI0000698 miRBase miRNA down-regulation TGF-B TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; etc. yes "Mir-214 induces apoptosis in tgf-b stimulation, inhibits differentiation of fibroblasts into fibroblasts, has anti-fibrosis." 25755099 Anti-fibrotic Role of miR-214 in Thioacetamide-induced Liver Cirrhosis in Rats 2015 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-22 MI0000570 miRBase miRNA up-regulation BMP7 NA PCR; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay etc. yes Mir-22 suppresses bmp7 in the development of cirrhosis. 26112332 MiR-22 Suppresses BMP7 in the Development of Cirrhosis 2015 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-221 MI0000709 miRBase miRNA up-regulation P27 NA H&E staining; q-PCR; etc. no Mir-221 overexpression contributes to liver tumorigenesis. 20018759 MiR-221 overexpression contributes to liver tumorigenesis 2010 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-222 MI0000710 miRBase miRNA up-regulation P27 NA H&E staining; q-PCR; etc. no Mir-221 overexpression contributes to liver tumorigenesis. 20018759 MiR-221 overexpression contributes to liver tumorigenesis 2010 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-29a MI0000576 miRBase miRNA down-regulation TGF-B; NF-KB TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY; NF-KAPPA B SIGNALING PATHWAY array analysis yes Mir-29 mediates the regulation of hepatic fibrosis and is part of the signaling linkages involving tgf- [beta] and nf- [kappa] b. 20890893 Micro-RNA profiling reveals a role for miR-29 in human and murine liver fibrosis 2011 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-29a MI0000576 miRBase miRNA dna hypomethylation NA PTEN qRT-PCR; immunohistocH&E stainingmical; etc. no Mir-29a regulation of epigenetic actions to ameliorate excessive fibrosis during cholestatic liver fibrosis development. 28106784 MicroRNA-29a Alleviates Bile Duct Ligation Exacerbation of Hepatic Fibrosis in Mice through Epigenetic Control of Methyltransferases 2017 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-29a MI0000576 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA PCR; immunohistochemistry etc. yes "Mir-29ab1 expression regulates chronic liver injury, tissue-specific knockout of mir-29, increased carbon tetrachloride-induced fibrosis and mortality." 22469499 Hepatic miR-29ab1 expression modulates chronic hepatic injury 2012 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-29b-1 MI0000143 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA PCR; immunohistochemistry etc. yes "Mir-29ab1 expression regulates chronic liver injury, tissue-specific knockout of mir-29, increased carbon tetrachloride-induced fibrosis and mortality." 22469499 Hepatic miR-29ab1 expression modulates chronic hepatic injury 2012 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-29a MI0000576 miRBase miRNA down-regulation HSP47; LYSYL OXIDASE NA PCR; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay etc. no Mir-29b inhibits collagen maturation in hepatic stellate cells by down-regulating the expression of hsp47 and lysyl oxidase. 24650661 MiR-29b inhibits collagen maturation in hepatic stellate cells through down-regulating the expression of HSP47 and lysyl oxidase 2014 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-29b 387223 Gene miRNA down-regulation NA NA qRT-PCR; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay etc. no Mir-29b prevents liver fibrogenesis by inhibiting hsc activation and inducing hsc apoptosis through inhibiting pi3k;Akt pathway. 25650006 MicroRNA-19b reduces hepatic stellate cell proliferation by targeting GRB2 in hepatic fibrosis models in vivo and in vitro as part of the inhibitory effect of estradiol 2015 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus Mir29b-1 387223 Gene miRNA down-regulation COLLAGEN I; COLLAGEN IV; C-MYC; PDGF-B; PI3K; AKT NA PCR; immunohistofluorescence; etc. yes "Mir-29b1 targets several fibrotic genes such as type i and type iv collagen, c-myc, pdgf-b and pi3k ; Akt, inhibit hh pathway and overexpression of mir-29b1 synergistic effect to reduce liver injury-related serum enzyme levels, reduce collagen deposition." 26524535 Co-delivery of small molecule hedgehog inhibitor and miRNA for treating liverf ibrosis 2015 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-30c-2 MI0000548 miRBase miRNA up-regulation TGF-B TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay etc. yes Mir-30 and mir-193 are mirnas that modulate tgf-b-dependent regulation of extracellular matrix-related genes in hscs in the manifestation and regression of hepatic fibrosis. 26120970 MiR-30c and miR-193 are a part of the TGF-B-dependent regulatory network controlling extracellular matrix genes in liver fibrosis 2015 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-193 MI0010077 miRBase miRNA up-regulation TGF-B TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay etc. yes Mir-30 and mir-193 are mirnas that modulate tgf-b-dependent regulation of extracellular matrix-related genes in hscs in the manifestation and regression of hepatic fibrosis. 26120970 MiR-30c and miR-193 are a part of the TGF-B-dependent regulatory network controlling extracellular matrix genes in liver fibrosis 2015 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus Mir33 723897 Gene miRNA down-regulation SMAD7 TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay etc. yes Mir-33a targeting smad7 regulates chronic hbv-induced liver fibrosis. 25155445 MiR-33a levels in hepatic and serum after chronic HBV-induced fibrosis 2015 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-152 MI0000174 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA HEDGEHOG SIGNALING PATHWAY qRT-PCR; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay etc. yes "Mir-378a expression is associated with its methylation status in tgf-b1-treated cells, and epigenetically-regulated mir-378a inhibits tgf-beta1-induced hsc activation, at least in part, via tgf-b2." 26257392 Salvianolic acid B-induced microRNA-152 inhibits liver fibrosis by attenuating DNMT1-mediated Patched1 methylation 2015 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-378a MI0000795 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NF-KB NF-KAPPA B SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay etc. yes "Mir-378a-3p inhibits hsc activation by targeting gli3, and its expression is regulated by smo-dependent nf-kb signaling, suggesting that mir-378a-3p has therapeutic potential for hepatic fibrosis." 27001906 MicroRNA-378 limits activation of hepatic stellate cells and liver fibrosis by suppressing Gli3 expression 2016 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-101a MI0000148 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY qRT-PCR; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay etc. no Mir-378a-3p suppresses activation of hscs by targeting gli3 and its expression is regulated by smo-dependent nf-kb signalling. 24817606 MicroRNA-101 suppresses liver fibrosis by targeting the TGFB signalling pathway 2014 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus miR-9a-5p MIMAT0000781 miRBase miRNA down-regulation SIRT1 NA PCR; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay yes Mir-9a-5p regulates the proliferation and migration of hepatic stellate cells by inhibiting sirt1. 26379395 MiR-9a-5p regulates proliferation and migration of hepatic stellate cells under pressure through inhibition of Sirt1 2015 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-214 MI0000698 miRBase miRNA dysregulation CCN2 3'-UTR NA RT-PCR; immunohistochemical; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay etc. no Mkl1 deficiency ameliorated bdl-induced liver fibrosis in mice as assessed by histological stainings and expression levels of pro-fibrogenic genes. 24122827 Epigenetic regulation of connective tissue growth factor by MicroRNA-214 delivery in exosomes from mouse or human hepatic stellate cells 2014 liver non-alcoholic_fatty_liver_disease mus_musculus mir-122 MI0000256 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA massson; PCR yes "Nasr model mice were significantly elevated in mir-122 and alt ; Ast levels, and the serum levels of mir-122 could potentially be used as sensitive biomarkers for early detection of hepatotoxicity and could help monitor nafld in mouse functional models the degree of liver injury." 24217942 Circulating microRNA 122 in the methionine and choline-deficient mouse model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis 2013 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-27b MI0000142 miRBase miRNA up-regulation HEME OXYGENASE 1 NA NA yes Overexpression of mir-27b regulates the regeneration of rat liver by regulating the expression of heme oxygenase 1. 24815159 Regulation of heme oxygenase 1 expression by miR-27b with stem cell therapy for liver regeneration in rats 2014 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus miR-483-3p MIMAT0003120 miRBase miRNA down-regulation TGF-B TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY H&E staining; immunofluorescence etc. yes Overexpression of mir-483-5p;3P cooperate to inhibit mouse liver fibrosis by suppressing the tgf-b stimulated hscs in transgenic mice. 24801603 Overexpression of miR-483-5p/3p cooperate to inhibit mouse liver fibrosis by suppressing the TGF-B stimulated HSCs in transgenic mice 2014 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus miR-483-5p MIMAT0004782 miRBase miRNA down-regulation TGF-B TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY H&E staining; immunofluorescence etc. yes Overexpression of mir-483-5p;3P cooperate to inhibit mouse liver fibrosis by suppressing the tgf-b stimulated hscs in transgenic mice. 24801603 Overexpression of miR-483-5p/3p cooperate to inhibit mouse liver fibrosis by suppressing the TGF-B stimulated HSCs in transgenic mice 2014 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-29a MI0000576 miRBase miRNA histone deacetylase NA NA RT-PCR; immunofluorescence; etc. no Post translational modification of creb-1 inhibited the profibrotic effects of tgf b1 in hscs via smad dependent and independent signaling pathways. 26305546 Activation of Mir-29a in Activated Hepatic Stellate Cells Modulates Its Profibrogenic Phenotype through Inhibition of Histone Deacetylases 4 2015 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-29a MI0000576 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NF-KB NF-KAPPA B SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; immunohistochemistry no Protective role of estrogen-induced mirna-29 expression in carbon tetrachloride-induced mouse liver injury. 22393047 Protective role of estrogen-induced miRNA-29 expression in carbon tetrachloride-induced mouse liver injury 2012 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-152 MI0000174 miRBase miRNA patched1 demethylation NA HEDGEHOG SIGNALING PATHWAY qRT-PCR; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay etc. no "Pvt1 epigenetically down-regulates ptch1 expression via competitively binding mir-152, contributing to emt process in liver fibrosis." 27588491 Long non-coding RNA PVT1 activates hepatic stellate cells through competitively binding microRNA-152 2016 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-152 MI0000174 miRBase miRNA down-regulation PTCH1 NA immunofluorescence; immunohistochemistry; etc. yes Salvianolic acid b-induced microrna-152 inhibits liver fibrosis by attenuating dnmt1-mediated patched1 methylation. 26257392 Salvianolic acid B-induced microRNA-152 inhibits liver fibrosis by attenuating DNMT1-mediated Patched1 methylation 2015 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-29b-1 MI0000143 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA PTEN qRT-PCR; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay etc. no Sept9 contributed to alleviate liver fibrosis might partially through promoting activated hscs apoptosis and this anti-fibrogenesis effect might be blocked by dnmt-3a mediated methylation of sept9. 24138392 Curcumin up-regulates phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 through microRNA-mediated control of DNA methylation--a novel mechanism suppressing liver fibrosis 2014 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus miR-219-5p MIMAT0036551 miRBase miRNA up-regulation KGF NA immunofluorescence; PCR etc. yes Suppression of microrna-219-5p activates keratinocyte growth factor to mitigate severity of experimental cirrhosis. 27855391 Suppression of MicroRNA-219-5p Activates Keratinocyte Growth Factor to Mitigate Severity of Experimental Cirrhosis 2016 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-29a MI0000576 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA PCR; microrna array yes Systemic delivery of scaav8-encoded mir-29a ameliorates hepatic fibrosis in carbon tetrachloride-treated mice. 25923107 Systemic Delivery of scAAV8-Encoded MiR-29a Ameliorates Hepatic Fibrosis in Carbon Tetrachloride-Treated Mice 2015 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-31 MI0000579 miRBase miRNA up-regulation MIR-31; FIH1; TGF-B TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay; etc. yes "Tgf-beta downstream transcription factor smad3 stimulates the transcription activity of mir-31 by direct mir-31 promoter, mir-31 mediates fibrosis by targeting fih1, an inhibitor of hypoxia-inducible factor (hif-1) , overexpression significantly promoted hsc activation." 25728779 The role of the miR-31/FIH1 pathway in TGF-B-induced liver fibrosis 2015 liver liver_regeneration mus_musculus mir-125b-2 MI0000152 miRBase miRNA dysregulation HH HEDGEHOG SIGNALING PATHWAY immunohistochemistry; qRT-PCR etc. yes The activation of hh signaling from inhibition of microrna-125b from cp-msc affects liver regeneration. 26370741 MicroRNA125b-mediated Hedgehog signaling influences liver regeneration by chorionic plate-derived mesenchymal stem cells 2015 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-29a MI0000576 miRBase miRNA down-regulation HDAC4; TGF-B; SMAD3 HDAC4-5; TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY; SMAD4 SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay etc. yes The activation of mir-29a regulates the activation of hepatic stellate cell phenotype by inhibiting histone deacetylase. 26305546 Activation of Mir-29a in Activated Hepatic Stellate Cells Modulates Its Profibrogenic Phenotype through Inhibition of Histone Deacetylases 4 2015 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA up-regulation MIR-21; PDCD4; AP-1 NA PCR; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay etc. no The autoregulatory feedback loop of microrna-21;Programmed cell death protein 4;Activation protein-1 (mir-21;Pdcd4;Ap-1) as a driving force for hepatic fibrosis development. 24196965 The autoregulatory feedback loop of microRNA-21/programmed cell death protein 4/activation protein-1 (MiR-21/PDCD4/AP-1) as a driving force for hepatic fibrosis development 2013 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-222 MI0000710 miRBase miRNA up-regulation PPP2R2A PI3K-AKT SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; immunohistochemistry yes "The expression of mir-222, pcna and akt was highly expressed in the mouse model of biliary atresia (ba), and the expression of ppp2r2a was significantly inhibited. Mir-222 regulates the fibrosis process in ba model." 24569080 MicroRNA-222 modulates liver fibrosis in a murine model of biliary atresia 2014 liver hepatic_ischemia_injury mus_musculus mir-34a MI0000584 miRBase miRNA nf-kb acetylation P65; P53 SIRT1 dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay; qRT-PCR; etc. no "The increased acetylation of intracellular hmgb1 in saha treated hscs, and this increasing is most likely to be responsible for saha induced down-regulation of nuclear factor kappa b1 (nf-kb1) and is one of the main underlying mechanisms for the therapeutic effect of saha for liver fibrosis." 25916635 Carbon monoxide protects against hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury by modulating the miR-34a/SIRT1 pathway 2015 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus let-7a-1 MI0000556 miRBase miRNA down-regulation HMGA2 NA immunofluorescence; PCR etc. yes The let-7;Lin28 axis inhibits activation of hepatic stellate cells in alcoholic liver injury. 28536261 The let-7/Lin28 axis regulates activation of hepatic stellate cells in alcoholic liver injury 2017 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus let-7b MI0000558 miRBase miRNA down-regulation HMGA2 NA immunofluorescence; PCR etc. yes The let-7;Lin28 axis inhibits activation of hepatic stellate cells in alcoholic liver injury. 28536261 The let-7/Lin28 axis regulates activation of hepatic stellate cells in alcoholic liver injury 2017 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus Lin28a 83557 Gene miRNA down-regulation HMGA2 NA immunofluorescence; PCR etc. yes The let-7;Lin28 axis inhibits activation of hepatic stellate cells in alcoholic liver injury. 28536261 The let-7/Lin28 axis regulates activation of hepatic stellate cells in alcoholic liver injury 2017 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus let-7a-2 MI0000557 miRBase miRNA down-regulation HMGA2 NA immunofluorescence; PCR etc. yes The let-7;Lin28 axis inhibits activation of hepatic stellate cells in alcoholic liver injury. 28536261 The let-7/Lin28 axis regulates activation of hepatic stellate cells in alcoholic liver injury 2017 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-29a MI0000576 miRBase miRNA dysregulation FARNESOID X RECEPTOR NA PCR; no "The lipoprotein x receptor (fxr) promotes the expression of mir-29a, inhibits extracellular matrix deposition, thereby inhibiting hepatic stellate cell fibrosis." 21511916 Roles of microRNA-29a in the antifibrotic effect of farnesoid X receptor in hepatic stellate cells 2011 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-155 MI0000177 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA flow cytometery; PCR; etc. yes The proinflammatory effect of mir-155 promotes hepatic fibrosis and alcohol-induced steatohepatitis. 26867493 The pro-inflammatory effects of miR-155 promote liver fibrosis and alcohol-induced steatohepatitis 2016 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-132 MI0000158 miRBase miRNA histone methylation NA MECP2; EZH2; MIR132 miRNA microarray chip detection; q-PCR; RT-PCR etc. no "The reduction in h3k9me3 was accompanied by increased expression of long interspersed nucleotide elements 1 and short interspersed nucleotide elements b2, which is an indication of genomic instability." 19843474 MeCP2 controls an epigenetic pathway that promotes myofibroblast transdifferentiation and fibrosis 2010 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-34a MI0000584 miRBase miRNA up-regulation ACSL1 NA PCR; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay etc. yes The rno-mir-34 family is upregulated and targets acsl1 in dimethylnitrosamine-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats. 21366874 The rno-miR-34 family is upregulated and targets ACSL1 in dimethylnitrosamine-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats 2011 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-212 MI0000696 miRBase miRNA mecp2 NA WNT SIGNALING PATHWAY qRT-PCR; immunoblot etc. no The socs1 acts as classic tumor suppressor by preventing activation of the stat3 and downregulation of socs1 and consequent activation of stat3 may be a crucial events leading to formation of hcc. 27214381 Wnt Pathway Stabilizes MeCP2 Protein to Repress PPAR-Y in Activation of Hepatic Stellate Cells 2016 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-132 MI0000158 miRBase miRNA mecp2 NA WNT SIGNALING PATHWAY qRT-PCR; immunoblot etc. no The socs1 acts as classic tumor suppressor by preventing activation of the stat3 and downregulation of socs1 and consequent activation of stat3 may be a crucial events leading to formation of hcc. 27214381 Wnt Pathway Stabilizes MeCP2 Protein to Repress PPAR-Y in Activation of Hepatic Stellate Cells 2016 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-133a-1 MI0000159 miRBase miRNA down-regulation TGF-B TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY NA yes "The total mir-133a expression level remained unchanged in total rna extracts from fibrotic and human liver. However, mir-133a was specifically down-regulated in hsc during fibrogenesis. In turn, overexpression of mir-133a in primary mouse hsc leads to a decrease in collagen expression. Indicating that mir-33a has anti-fibrosis effect." 23183523 MiR-133a mediates TGF-B-dependent derepression of collagen synthesis in hepatic stellate cells during liver fibrosis 2013 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus miR-378a-3p MIMAT0003151 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NF-KAPPA B SIGNALING PATHWAY; HEDGEHOG SIGNALING PATHWAY dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay; immunohistocH&E stainingmical etc. no Toll like receptor 2 knock-out attenuates carbon tetrachloride (ccl4)-induced liver fibrosis by downregulating mapk and nf-kb signaling pathways. 27001906 MicroRNA-378 limits activation of hepatic stellate cells and liver fibrosis by suppressing Gli3 expression 2016 liver liver_cirrhosis mus_musculus mir-29a MI0000576 miRBase miRNA down-regulation HH; MIRNA-29; NF-KB NF-KAPPA B SIGNALING PATHWAY PCR; immunohistochemistry yes "When the nf-kb pathway is disrupted, the hh signal regulates the proliferation of mf-hscs, independent of mirna-29 expression, leading to hepatic fibrosis." 23949847 Potential role of Hedgehog signaling and microRNA-29 in liver fibrosis of IKKB-deficient mouse 2014 lung pulmonary_hypertension mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA qRT-PCR; Immunohistochemistry etc. no A microRNA-21-responsive PDCD4/caspase-3 pathway is existed in the pulmonary tissues that when active serves to promote endothelial apoptosis in vitro and PH in vivo. Direct PDCD4 knockout in mice (PDCD4(-/-) mice) potently blocked pulmonary caspase-3 activation and the development of chronic hypoxia. 24732886 Endothelial apoptosis in pulmonary hypertension is controlled by a microRNA/programmed cell death 4/caspase-3 axis 2014 lung idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-29b-1 MI0000143 miRBase miRNA dysregulation NA NA qRT-PCR; Masson's trichrome staining; Sirius red staining etc. no "A single-stranded RNA, termed ""miR-29b Psh-match,"" that has a unique structure to avoid problems associated with the therapeutic uses of miRNAs was developed. A comparison of miR-29b Psh-match and double-stranded one, termed ""miR-29b mimic"" indicated that the single-stranded form was significantly effective towards fibrosis according to both in vivo and in vitro experiments. This novel form of miR-29b may become the foundation for developing an effective therapeutic drug for pulmonary fibrosis." 28234907 Novel form of miR-29b suppresses bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis 2017 lung idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-19a MI0000688 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA Immunohistochemistry; Dual-luciferase reporter assay; etc. no "Activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) extracellular signal-regulated kinase ERK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 contributed to ET-1- and thrombin-induced CTGF, a-SMA, and vimentin expression in WI-38 cell.MiR-19a, -19b, and -26b were candidate miRNAs of CTGF. ET-1 and thrombin reduced candidate miRNA levels, while Candidate miRNA overexpression significantly suppressed ET-1- and thrombin-induced CTGF expression and reduced a-SMA and vimentin expression in the WI-38 cells.." 26873752 "MiR-19a, -19b, and -26b Mediate CTGF Expression and Pulmonary Fibroblast Differentiation" 2016 lung idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-26b MI0000575 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA Immunohistochemistry; Dual-luciferase reporter assay; etc. no "Activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) extracellular signal-regulated kinase ERK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 contributed to ET-1- and thrombin-induced CTGF, a-SMA, and vimentin expression in WI-38 cell.MiR-19a, -19b, and -26b were candidate miRNAs of CTGF. ET-1 and thrombin reduced candidate miRNA levels, while Candidate miRNA overexpression significantly suppressed ET-1- and thrombin-induced CTGF expression and reduced a-SMA and vimentin expression in the WI-38 cells.." 26873752 "MiR-19a, -19b, and -26b Mediate CTGF Expression and Pulmonary Fibroblast Differentiation" 2016 lung idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-19b-2 MI0000546 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA Immunohistochemistry; Dual-luciferase reporter assay; etc. no "Activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) extracellular signal-regulated kinase ERK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 contributed to ET-1- and thrombin-induced CTGF, a-SMA, and vimentin expression in WI-38 cell.MiR-19a, -19b, and -26b were candidate miRNAs of CTGF. ET-1 and thrombin reduced candidate miRNA levels, while Candidate miRNA overexpression significantly suppressed ET-1- and thrombin-induced CTGF expression and reduced a-SMA and vimentin expression in the WI-38 cells.." 26873752 "MiR-19a, -19b, and -26b Mediate CTGF Expression and Pulmonary Fibroblast Differentiation" 2016 lung pulmonary_hypertension mus_musculus mir-301a MI0000401 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA Forced expression of miR-130a in mouse lung; IInhibition of the miR-130/301 family in mouse lung; Oligonucleotides and transfectio etc. no "Analysis of the molecular network architecture specific to PH predicted that the miR-130/301 family is a master regulator of cellular proliferation in PH via regulation of subordinate miRNA pathways. In endothelial cells, miR-130/301 modulated apelin-miR-424/503-FGF2 signaling, while in smooth muscle cells, miR-130/301 modulated STAT3-miR-204 signaling to promote PH-associated phenotypes. In murine models, induction of miR-130/301 promoted pathogenic PH-associated effects, while miR-130/301 inhibition prevented PH pathogenesis." 24960162 Systems-level regulation of microRNA networks by miR-130/301 promotes pulmonary hypertension 2014 lung pulmonary_hypertension mus_musculus mir-130a MI0000156 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA Forced expression of miR-130a in mouse lung; IInhibition of the miR-130/301 family in mouse lung; Oligonucleotides and transfectio etc. no "Analysis of the molecular network architecture specific to PH predicted that the miR-130/301 family is a master regulator of cellular proliferation in PH via regulation of subordinate miRNA pathways. In endothelial cells, miR-130/301 modulated apelin-miR-424/503-FGF2 signaling, while in smooth muscle cells, miR-130/301 modulated STAT3-miR-204 signaling to promote PH-associated phenotypes. In murine models, induction of miR-130/301 promoted pathogenic PH-associated effects, while miR-130/301 inhibition prevented PH pathogenesis." 24960162 Systems-level regulation of microRNA networks by miR-130/301 promotes pulmonary hypertension 2014 lung pulmonary_hypertension mus_musculus mir-29a MI0000576 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA Animal experiments; Antagomir design etc. no AntagomiR-20a restores functional levels of BMPR2 in pulmonary arteries and prevents the development of vascular remodelling in an in vivo model for pulmonary hypertension. 22450430 AntagomiR directed against miR-20a restores functional BMPR2 signalling and prevents vascular remodelling in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension 2014 lung Radiation_Pneumonitis mus_musculus mir-150 MI0000172 miRBase miRNA dysregulation NA NA Quantstudio openarray profiling; X-ray radiation treatment; qRT-PCR etc. no "Dietary flaxseed (FS) significantly modulated expression of multiple miRNAs, including 7 with P<0.001. MiR-150 was downregulated in the FS groups and is disproportionately integrated into immune response-related networks. Although few miRNAs were significantly changed by radiation, interaction between diet and radiation was observed. For example, miR-29c was greatly downregulated in the FS/Control group (10- to 50-fold) but slightly upregulated in the FS/radiation group. Compared with FS/control, the FS/radiation group experienced a 50% decrease of the p53-responsive miR-34a, which regulates senescence- and apoptosis-related factors. FS induced significant changes in lung miRNA profile suggesting that modulation of small RNA by dietary supplements may represent a novel strategy to prevent adverse side-effects of thoracic radiotherapy." 24755684 Dietary flaxseed modulates the miRNA profile in irradiated and non-irradiated murine lungs: a novel mechanism of tissue radioprotection by flaxseed 2014 lung Radiation_Pneumonitis mus_musculus mir-29c MI0000577 miRBase miRNA dysregulation NA NA Quantstudio openarray profiling; X-ray radiation treatment; qRT-PCR etc. no "Dietary flaxseed (FS) significantly modulated expression of multiple miRNAs, including 7 with P<0.001. MiR-150 was downregulated in the FS groups and is disproportionately integrated into immune response-related networks. Although few miRNAs were significantly changed by radiation, interaction between diet and radiation was observed. For example, miR-29c was greatly downregulated in the FS/Control group (10- to 50-fold) but slightly upregulated in the FS/radiation group. Compared with FS/control, the FS/radiation group experienced a 50% decrease of the p53-responsive miR-34a, which regulates senescence- and apoptosis-related factors. FS induced significant changes in lung miRNA profile suggesting that modulation of small RNA by dietary supplements may represent a novel strategy to prevent adverse side-effects of thoracic radiotherapy." 24755684 Dietary flaxseed modulates the miRNA profile in irradiated and non-irradiated murine lungs: a novel mechanism of tissue radioprotection by flaxseed 2014 lung Radiation_Pneumonitis mus_musculus mir-34a MI0000584 miRBase miRNA dysregulation NA NA Quantstudio openarray profiling; X-ray radiation treatment; qRT-PCR etc. no "Dietary flaxseed (FS) significantly modulated expression of multiple miRNAs, including 7 with P<0.001. MiR-150 was downregulated in the FS groups and is disproportionately integrated into immune response-related networks. Although few miRNAs were significantly changed by radiation, interaction between diet and radiation was observed. For example, miR-29c was greatly downregulated in the FS/Control group (10- to 50-fold) but slightly upregulated in the FS/radiation group. Compared with FS/control, the FS/radiation group experienced a 50% decrease of the p53-responsive miR-34a, which regulates senescence- and apoptosis-related factors. FS induced significant changes in lung miRNA profile suggesting that modulation of small RNA by dietary supplements may represent a novel strategy to prevent adverse side-effects of thoracic radiotherapy." 24755684 Dietary flaxseed modulates the miRNA profile in irradiated and non-irradiated murine lungs: a novel mechanism of tissue radioprotection by flaxseed 2014 lung pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-149 MI0000171 miRBase miRNA down-regulation Il-6 NA qRT-PCR; ELISA etc. no Down-regulation of miR-149 and up-regulation of IL-6 might be involved in the progression of silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis; MiR-149 could negatively regulate IL-6 expression. 24641842 Regulatory effect of miR-149 on interleukin-6 expression in silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis 2014 lung idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus miR-26a-5p MIMAT0000533 miRBase miRNA dysregulation Ctgf; Smad4 NA qRT-PCR; Masson's trichrome staining; etc. no "Downregulation of miR-26a in the lungs of mice with experimental pulmonary fibrosis and in IPF resulted in posttranscriptional derepression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), and induced collagen production. Inhibition of miR-26a in the lungs caused pulmonary fibrosis in vivo, whereas overexpression of miR-26a repressed transforming growth factor (TGF)-B1-induced fibrogenesis in MRC-5 cells and attenuated experimental pulmonary fibrosis in mice. MiR-26a was downregulated by TGF-B1-mediated phosphorylation of Smad3. Moreover, miR-26a inhibited the nuclear translocation of p-Smad3 through directly targeting Smad4, which determines the nuclear translocation of p-Smad2/Smad3." 24594795 The antifibrotic effects and mechanisms of microRNA-26a action in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis 2014 lung idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-29c MI0000577 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA DISC; qRT-PCR etc. no Downregulation of miR-29 observed in IPF lungs may be associated with the apoptosis-resistant phenotype of IPF lung fibroblasts via downregulation of Fas receptor. 27765762 "MicroRNA-29c regulates apoptosis sensitivity via modulation of the cell-surface death receptor, Fas, in lung fibroblasts" 2016 lung idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-29b-1 MI0000143 miRBase miRNA down-regulation Col1a1 NA qRT-PCR; Dual-luciferase reporter assay etc. no "H19 play a promotive role in bleomycin-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition of alveolar epithelial cell through miR-29b regulation. H19 expression was positively correlated with COL1A1 and Acta2 expression; H19 knockdown inhibited COL1A1 and Acta2 expression. Moreover, H19 interacted with miR-29b through directly binding to the 3'UTR; MiR-29b inhibited COL1A1 expression by directly binding to the 3'UTR. In conclusion, we revealed the promotive effect of H19 on BLM-induced IPF, and demonstrated the mechanism by which H19/miR-29b interaction exerts its effect on regulating pulmonary fibrosis." 27613097 The effect of H19-miR-29b interaction on bleomycin-induced mouse model of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis 2016 lung idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-326 MI0000598 miRBase miRNA down-regulation Tgf-beta1; Ets1 NA In Silico Identification of miRNA Binding Sites; Measurement of Cytokines and Collagen Content etc. no "Hsa-miR-326 regulates TGF-B1 expression and that hsa-miR-326 levels are inversely correlated to TGF-B1 protein levels in multiple human cell lines.MiR-326 was found to down-regulate profibrotic genes, such as Ets1, Smad3, and matrix metalloproteinase 9, whereas it up-regulates antifibrotic genes, such as Smad7." 24279830 MicroRNA-326 Regulates Profibrotic Functions of Transforming Growth Factor-B in Pulmonary Fibrosis 2014 lung pulmonary_hypertension mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA Network-based analyses; Right heart catheterization and physiological measurements etc. no "Hypoxia and BMP receptor type 2 signaling independently upregulate miR-21 in cultured pulmonary arterial endothelial cells. In a reciprocal feedback loop, miR-21 downregulates BMP receptor type 2 expression. Furthermore, miR-21 directly represses RhoB expression and Rho-kinase activity, inducing molecular changes consistent with decreased angiogenesis and vasodilation. In vivo, miR-21 is upregulated in pulmonary tissue from several rodent models of PH and in humans with PH. On induction of disease in miR-21-null mice, RhoB expression and Rho-kinase activity are increased, accompanied by exaggerated manifestations of PH." 22371328 MicroRNA-21 integrates pathogenic signaling to control pulmonary hypertension: results of a network bioinformatics approach 2012 lung pulmonary_hypertension mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA up-regulation Ddah1 NA qRT-PCR; Dual-luciferase reporter assay etc. no "Hypoxia inhibited DDAH1 and DDAH2 expression and increased ADMA levels in cultured human pulmonary endothelial cells. In contrast, in human pulmonary smooth muscle cells, only DDAH2 was reduced whereas ADMA levels remained unchanged. Endothelium-specific down-regulation of DDAH1 by miR-21 in hypoxia induced endothelial dysfunction and was prevented by overexpression of DDAH1 and miR-21 blockade. DDAH1, but not DDAH2, mRNA levels were reduced, whereas miR-21 levels were elevated in lung tissues from patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension and mice with pulmonary hypertension exposed to 2 weeks of hypoxia." 24895913 MiR-21/DDAH1 pathway regulates pulmonary vascular responses to hypoxia 2014 lung pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus miR-130a-3p MIMAT0000141 miRBase miRNA down-regulation Socs1; Ppary STAT6 signaling pathway qRT-PCR; Dual-luciferase reporter assay; EMSA etc. no "IL-4 and IL-13 induce miR-142-5p and downregulate miR-130a-3p in macrophages; These changes sustain the profibrogenic effect of macrophages. In vitro, miR-142-5p mimic prolongs STAT6 phosphorylation by targeting its negative regulator, SOCS1. Blocking miR-130a relieves its inhibition of PPARY, which coordinates STAT6 signalling. In vivo, inhibiting miR-142-5p and increasing miR-130a-3p expression inhibits CCL4-induced liver fibrosis and bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in mice. Furthermore, macrophages from the tissue samples of patients with liver cirrhosis and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis display increased miR-142-5p and decreased miR-130a-3p expression. Therefore, miR-142-5p and miR-130a-3p regulate macrophage profibrogenic gene expression in chronic inflammation." 26436920 MiR-142-5p and miR-130a-3p are regulated by IL-4 and IL-13 and control profibrogenic macrophage program 2015 lung pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus miR-142a-5p MIMAT0000154 miRBase miRNA up-regulation Socs1; Ppary STAT6 signaling pathway qRT-PCR; Dual-luciferase reporter assay; EMSA etc. no "IL-4 and IL-13 induce miR-142-5p and downregulate miR-130a-3p in macrophages; These changes sustain the profibrogenic effect of macrophages. In vitro, miR-142-5p mimic prolongs STAT6 phosphorylation by targeting its negative regulator, SOCS1. Blocking miR-130a relieves its inhibition of PPARY, which coordinates STAT6 signalling. In vivo, inhibiting miR-142-5p and increasing miR-130a-3p expression inhibits CCL4-induced liver fibrosis and bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in mice. Furthermore, macrophages from the tissue samples of patients with liver cirrhosis and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis display increased miR-142-5p and decreased miR-130a-3p expression. Therefore, miR-142-5p and miR-130a-3p regulate macrophage profibrogenic gene expression in chronic inflammation." 26436920 MiR-142-5p and miR-130a-3p are regulated by IL-4 and IL-13 and control profibrogenic macrophage program 2015 lung cystic_fibrosis mus_musculus miR-199a-5p MIMAT0000229 miRBase miRNA up-regulation Cav1 AKT/MIR-199A-5P/CAV1 signaling pathway In vivo experiment and BAL fluid collection and analysis; qRT-PCR; etc. no "In CF macrophage, activated PI3K/AKT pathway increase miR-199a-3p expression, reduce expression of CAV1, leading to increased TLR4 signaling and inflammation. Celecoxib re-establishes the AKT/miR-199a-5p/CAV1 axis in CF macrophages, and ameliorates lung hyper-inflammation in Cftr-deficient mice." 25665524 Pharmacological modulation of the AKT/microRNA-199a-5p/CAV1 pathway ameliorates cystic fibrosis lung hyper-inflammation 2015 lung pulmonary_hypertension mus_musculus mir-130a MI0000156 miRBase miRNA up-regulation Cdkn1a NA qRT-PCR; Transient Transfection Of HPASMC etc. no "In hypoxia-induced PAH, miR-130 in upregulated. MiR-130 promote pulmonary smooth muscle cell proliferation by targeting CDKN1A, contributing to pulmonary vascular remodeling and right heart failure." 25681685 The hypoxia-induced microRNA-130a controls pulmonary smooth muscle cell proliferation by directly targeting CDKN1A 2015 lung pulmonary_hypertension mus_musculus mir-27a MI0000578 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA Dual-luciferase reporter assay; qRT-PCR; etc. no "In hypoxia-induced PAH,miR-27a and ET-1 are increased, whereas PPARY is reduced. PPARY ligand rosiglitazone (RSG, 10 mg/kg/d) treatment could inhibit miR-27a expression.Overexpression of miR-27a or PPARY knockdown increased HPAEC proliferation and ET-1 expression and decreased PPARY levels. MiR-27a levels were upregulated in lungs from endothelial-targeted PPARY knockout (ePPARY KO) mice. Knockdown of either SP1 or EGR1 was sufficient to significantly attenuate miR-27a expression in HPAECs. Collectively, these studies provide novel evidence that miR-27a and PPARY mediate mutually repressive actions in hypoxic pulmonary vasculature and that targeting PPARY may represent a novel therapeutic approach in PH to attenuate proliferative mediators that stimulate proliferation of pulmonary vascular cells." 24244514 Hypoxia mediates mutual repression between microRNA-27a and PPARY in the pulmonary vasculature 2013 lung idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-29a MI0000576 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA Northern Blot; qRT-PCR; Synthesis and delivery of oligonucleotide chemistries etc. no "Intravenous injection of synthetic RNA duplexes can increase miR-29 levels in vivo for several days. Moreover, therapeutic delivery of these miR-29 mimics during bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis restores endogenous miR-29 function whereby decreasing collagen expression and blocking and reversing pulmonary fibrosis." 25239947 MicroRNA mimicry blocks pulmonary fibrosis 2014 lung silicosis mus_musculus mir-489 MI0003476 miRBase miRNA down-regulation Myd88; Smad3 NA qRT-PCR; Dual-luciferase reporter assay etc. no "Levels were reduced in both macrophages that were exposed to silica and fibroblasts that were exposed to TGF-B1. MiR-489 inhibited silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis primarily by repressing its target genes MyD88 and Smad3. Moreover, the up-regulated lncRNA cardiac hypertrophy-related factor (CHRF) reversed the inhibitory effect of miR-489 on MyD88 and Smad3 and then triggered the inflammation and fibrotic signaling pathways." 27506999 MiR-489 inhibits silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis by targeting MyD88 and Smad3 and is negatively regulated by lncRNA CHRF 2016 lung idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-140 MI0000165 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA TGF-B1/SMAD3 signaling pathway qRT-PCR; ELISA etc. no Low-dose PTX prevents EMT and pulmonary fibrosis by suppressing the TGF-B1/Smad3 pathway via upregulating miR-140. 23967091 Low-dose paclitaxel ameliorates pulmonary fibrosis by suppressing TGF-B1/Smad3 pathway via miR-140 upregulation 2013 lung Scleroderma_Systemic mus_musculus mir-155 MI0000177 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA qRT-PCR; Microarray Data Clustering; MicroRNA And RNA Nanostring Technology etc. no Lung miRNA microarray data distinguished patients with SSc-ILD from healthy controls with 185 miRNA differentially expressed (q < 0.25). DIANA-miRPath revealed 57 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways related to the most dysregulated miRNA. MiR-155 and miR-143 were strongly correlated with progression of the HRCT score. MiR-155 PBMC expression strongly correlated with lung function tests in SSc-ILD. 27377409 MiR-155 in the progression of lung fibrosis in systemic sclerosis 2016 lung idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA dysregulation NA NA qRT-PCR; ISH; Isolation of alveolar epithelial type II cells from human lung tissues etc. no MicroRNA-21 is increased in lung epithelial cells during lung fibrosis and that it promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition. 24063588 The increase of microRNA-21 during lung fibrosis and its contribution to epithelial-mesenchymaltransition in pulmonary epithelial cells 2013 lung idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-29c MI0000577 miRBase miRNA down-regulation Foxo3a NA Mouse Lung Fibrosis Model; Human Lung Samples; Statistical Analysis etc. no "MicroRNA-29c (MiR-29c) expression is lower in AEC2s of individuals with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) than healthy lungs. Epithelial cells overexpressing miR-29c show higher proliferative rate and viability. MiR-29c protects epithelial cells from apoptosis by targeting Foxo3a. Both overexpression of miR-29c conventionally and AEC2s specifically leads to less fibrosis and better recovery in vivo. MiR-29c maintains epithelial integrity and promotes recovery from lung injury, thereby attenuating lung fibrosis in mice." 28799781 MicroRNA-29c Prevents Pulmonary Fibrosis by Regulating Epithelial Cell Renewal and Apoptosis 2017 lung pulmonary_hypertension mus_musculus mir-124-2 MI0000717 miRBase miRNA down-regulation Nfatc1; Camta1; Ptbp1 NFAT signaling pathway Dual-luciferase reporter assay; qRT-PCR; etc. no "MiR-124 inhibited NFAT reporter activity and decreased both the dephosphorylation and the nuclear translocation of NFAT. MiR-124 also inhibited NFAT-dependent transcription of IL-2 in Jurkat T cells. MiR-124 inhibit NFAT signaling by targeting NFATc1, CAMTA1 (calmodulin-binding transcription activator 1) and PTBP1 (polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1). MiR-124 was down-regulated by hypoxia in human PASMC, consistent with the activation of NFAT during this process. Furthermore, the overexpression of miR-124 not only inhibited human PASMC proliferation but also maintained its differentiated phenotype by repressing the NFAT pathway." 23853098 MicroRNA-124 suppresses the transactivation of nuclear factor of activated T cells by targeting multiple genes and inhibits the proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells 2012 lung pulmonary_hypertension mus_musculus mir-124-3 MI0000150 miRBase miRNA down-regulation Nfatc1; Camta1; Ptbp1 NFAT signaling pathway Dual-luciferase reporter assay; qRT-PCR; etc. no "MiR-124 inhibited NFAT reporter activity and decreased both the dephosphorylation and the nuclear translocation of NFAT. MiR-124 also inhibited NFAT-dependent transcription of IL-2 in Jurkat T cells. MiR-124 inhibit NFAT signaling by targeting NFATc1, CAMTA1 (calmodulin-binding transcription activator 1) and PTBP1 (polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1). MiR-124 was down-regulated by hypoxia in human PASMC, consistent with the activation of NFAT during this process. Furthermore, the overexpression of miR-124 not only inhibited human PASMC proliferation but also maintained its differentiated phenotype by repressing the NFAT pathway." 23853098 MicroRNA-124 suppresses the transactivation of nuclear factor of activated T cells by targeting multiple genes and inhibits the proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells 2012 lung pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-130a MI0000156 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA Collection and Analysis of Expression Array Data; In situ hybridization etc. no "MiR-130/301 expression correlates with activation of YAP/TAZ, the PPARY-APOE-LRP8 axis, and matrix stiffening in pulmonary fibrosis and liver fibrosis. Forced miR-130/301 expression activates ECM remodeling and liver fibrosis in mice. Inhibition of the miR-130/301 family prevents ECM remodeling and disease progression in mouse models of pulmonary fibrosis and liver fibrosis. Mechanical forces act through a central feedback circuit between microRNA-130/301 and YAP/TAZ to sustain a common fibrotic phenotype across a network of human physiologic and pathophysiologic states." 26667495 A YAP/TAZ-miR-130/301 molecular circuit exerts systems-level control of fibrosis in a network of human diseases and physiologic conditions 2015 lung pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-301a MI0000401 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA Collection and Analysis of Expression Array Data; In situ hybridization etc. no "MiR-130/301 expression correlates with activation of YAP/TAZ, the PPARY-APOE-LRP8 axis, and matrix stiffening in pulmonary fibrosis and liver fibrosis. Forced miR-130/301 expression activates ECM remodeling and liver fibrosis in mice. Inhibition of the miR-130/301 family prevents ECM remodeling and disease progression in mouse models of pulmonary fibrosis and liver fibrosis. Mechanical forces act through a central feedback circuit between microRNA-130/301 and YAP/TAZ to sustain a common fibrotic phenotype across a network of human physiologic and pathophysiologic states." 26667495 A YAP/TAZ-miR-130/301 molecular circuit exerts systems-level control of fibrosis in a network of human diseases and physiologic conditions 2015 lung idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-145a MI0000169 miRBase miRNA up-regulation Klf4 NA qRT-PCR; Immunofluorescence; etc. no "MiR-145 expression is upregulated in TGF-B1-treated lung fibroblasts and in the lungs of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis as compared to in normal human lungs. Overexpression of miR-145 in lung fibroblasts increased SMA-a expression, enhanced contractility, and promoted formation of focal and fibrillar adhesions by targeting KLF4, a known negative regulator of SMA-a expression." 23457217 MiR-145 regulates myofibroblast differentiation and lung fibrosis 2013 lung pulmonary_hypertension mus_musculus mir-145a MI0000169 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA Immunohistochemistry; q-PCR; etc. no "MiR-145 is upregulated in mouse models of PAH. Downregulation of miR-145 protects against the development of PAH. In patient samples of heritable PAH and idiopathic PAH, miR-145 is expressed in remodeled vessels and mutations in BMPR2 lead to upregulation of miR-145 in mice and PAH patients." 22715469 A role for miR-145 in pulmonary arterial hypertension: evidence from mouse models and patient samples 2012 lung idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-153 MI0000175 miRBase miRNA down-regulation Tgfbr2 NA Dual-luciferase reporter assay; qRT-PCR; etc. no MiR-153 expression was dysregulated in the lungs of mice with experimental pulmonary fibrosis and TGF-B1 decreased miR-153 expression in pulmonary fibroblasts. MiR-153 disturbs TGF-B1 signal transduction and its effects on fibroblast activation by post-transcriptional regulation of the expression of TGFBR2. 26216407 The anti-fibrotic effects of microRNA-153 by targeting TGFBR-2 in pulmonary fibrosis 2015 lung idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-155 MI0000177 miRBase miRNA down-regulation Lxra NA qRT-PCR; Oxysterol assay etc. no "MiR-155-/- mice developed exacerbated lung fibrosis, increased collagen deposition, collagen 1 and 3 mRNA expression, TGF-B production, and activation of alternatively activated macrophages, contributed by deregulation of the miR-155 target gene the liver X receptor (LXR)a in lung fibroblasts and macrophages.LXRa can increase the expression of Arginase 2, TGF-B, promote collagen production and IPF progression." 27746237 The role of microRNA-155/liver X receptor pathway in experimental and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis 2016 lung pulmonary_hypertension mus_musculus mir-17 MI0000687 miRBase miRNA up-regulation P21 NA Immunohistochemistry; qRT-PCR; etc. no MiR-17 antagomir A-17 improves heart and lung function in experimental PH by interfering with lung vascular and right ventricular remodeling. The beneficial effects may be related to the up-regulation of p21. 22161164 Inhibition of microRNA-17 improves lung and heart function in experimental pulmonary hypertension 2012 lung idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus miR-18a-5p MIMAT0000528 miRBase miRNA down-regulation Tgf-brii TGF-B/SMAD2/SMAD3 signaling pathway qRT-PCR; Dual-luciferase reporter assay etc. no "MiR-18a-5p was reduced in PMCs treated with bleomycin, contributing to EMT of PMCs.MiR-18a-5p binds to the 3' UTR region of transforming growth factor B receptor II (TGF-BRII) mRNA, and this is associated with reduced TGF-BRII expression and suppression of TGF-B-Smad2/3 signaling. Overexpression of miR-18a-5p prevented bleomycin-induced EMT of PMC and inhibited bleomycin-induced sub-pleural fibrosis in mice." 28131417 MiR-18a-5p Inhibits Sub-pleural Pulmonary Fibrosis by Targeting TGF-B Receptor II 2017 lung idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus miR-199a-5p MIMAT0000229 miRBase miRNA up-regulation Cav1 NA MiRNA targets analysis; Dual-luciferase reporter assay; qRT-PCR etc. no MiR-199a-5p Is upregulated during fibrogenic response to tissue injury and mediates TGFbeta-induced lung fibroblast activation by targeting caveolin-1. 23459460 MiR-199a-5p Is upregulated during fibrogenic response to tissue injury and mediates TGFbeta-inducedlung fibroblast activation by targeting caveolin-1 2013 lung idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-200b MI0000243 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA qRT-PCR; etc. no "MiR-200a, miR-200b, and miR-200c are significantly down-regulated in the lungs of mice with experimental lung fibrosis. Levels of miR-200a and miR-200c were reduced in the lungs of patients with IPF miR-200 had greater expression in AECs than in lung fibroblasts, and AECs from mice with experimental pulmonary fibrosis had diminished expression of miR-200. The miR-200 family members inhibit transforming growth factor-B1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition of AECs, reverse the fibrogenic activity of pulmonary fibroblasts from mice with experimental pulmonary fibrosis and from patients with IPF. The introduction of miR-200c diminishes experimental pulmonary fibrosis in mice." 22189082 Participation of miR-200 in pulmonary fibrosis 2012 lung idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-200c MI0000694 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA qRT-PCR; etc. no "MiR-200a, miR-200b, and miR-200c are significantly down-regulated in the lungs of mice with experimental lung fibrosis. Levels of miR-200a and miR-200c were reduced in the lungs of patients with IPF miR-200 had greater expression in AECs than in lung fibroblasts, and AECs from mice with experimental pulmonary fibrosis had diminished expression of miR-200. The miR-200 family members inhibit transforming growth factor-B1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition of AECs, reverse the fibrogenic activity of pulmonary fibroblasts from mice with experimental pulmonary fibrosis and from patients with IPF. The introduction of miR-200c diminishes experimental pulmonary fibrosis in mice." 22189082 Participation of miR-200 in pulmonary fibrosis 2012 lung idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-200a MI0000554 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA qRT-PCR; etc. no "MiR-200a, miR-200b, and miR-200c are significantly down-regulated in the lungs of mice with experimental lung fibrosis. Levels of miR-200a and miR-200c were reduced in the lungs of patients with IPF miR-200 had greater expression in AECs than in lung fibroblasts, and AECs from mice with experimental pulmonary fibrosis had diminished expression of miR-200. The miR-200 family members inhibit transforming growth factor-B1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition of AECs, reverse the fibrogenic activity of pulmonary fibroblasts from mice with experimental pulmonary fibrosis and from patients with IPF. The introduction of miR-200c diminishes experimental pulmonary fibrosis in mice." 22189082 Participation of miR-200 in pulmonary fibrosis 2012 lung pulmonary_hypertension mus_musculus mir-206 MI0000249 miRBase miRNA down-regulation Notch3 NA Transfection of hPASMCs; qRT-PCR; etc. no "MiR-206 expression is reduced in hypoxia-induced PAH, correlated with an increase in right ventricular systolic pressure. Reduction of miR-206 levels in hPASMCs causes increased proliferation and reduced apoptosis and these effects were reversed by the overexpression of miR-206. MiR-206 overexpression down regulated Notch-3 expression." 23071643 Mir-206 regulates pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation and differentiation 2012 lung pulmonary_hypertension mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA up-regulation Bmpr2;Wwp1; Satb1; Yod1 NA qRT-PCR; Immunohistochemistry etc. no "MiR-21 expression is increased in distal small arteries in the lungs of hypoxia-exposed mice. Putative miR-21 targets, including bone morphogenetic protein receptor (BMPR2), WWP1, SATB1, and YOD1, were downregulated in the lungs of hypoxia-exposed mice and in human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) overexpressing miR-21.Sequestration of miR-21, either before or after hypoxia exposure, diminished chronic hypoxia-induced PH and attenuated hypoxia-induced pulmonary vascular remodeling, likely through relieving the suppressed expression of miR-21 targets in the lungs of hypoxia-exposed mice." 22227207 MiR-21 regulates chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary vascular remodeling 2012 lung pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA qRT-PCR; In Situ Hybridization etc. no "MiR-21 expression was increased at the radiation injury site, concurrent with collagen deposition. Although the inhibition of miR-21 only marginally affected endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) in lung endothelial cells, this inhibition significantly reduced collagen synthesis in lung fibroblasts. Furthermore, ectopic expression of miR-21 was sufficient to promote a fibrotic response in lung fibroblasts, enhancing Smad2 phosphorylation concurrent with Smad7 downregulation. These findings indicate that the induction of miR-21 expression is responsible for fibrotic responses observed in mesenchymal cells at the injury site through the potentiation of TGF-B signaling. Local targeting of miR-21 at the injured area could have potential therapeutic utility in mitigating radiation-induced lung fibrosis." 27171163 Induction of MiR-21 by Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy Contributes to the Pulmonary Fibrotic Response 2016 lung idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA up-regulation Smad7 NA Northern Blot; qRT-PCR; Dual-luciferase reporter assay etc. no "MiR-21 is up-regulated in the lungs of mice with bleomycin-induced fibrosis and also in the lungs of patients with IPF, and was primarily localized to myofibroblasts. Administration of miR-21 antisense probes diminished the severity of experimental lung fibrosis in mice, even when treatment was started 5-7 d after initiation of pulmonary injury. TGF-Beta1 enhanced miR-21 expression in primary pulmonary fibroblasts. Increasing miR-21 levels promoted, whereas knocking down miR-21 attenuated, the pro-fibrogenic activity of TGF-Beta1 in fibroblasts. A potential mechanism for the role of miR-21 in fibrosis is through regulating the expression of an inhibitory Smad, Smad7." 20643828 MiR-21 mediates fibrogenic activation of pulmonary fibroblasts and lung fibrosis 2010 lung pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-27a MI0000578 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA Masson's trichrome staining; Dual-luciferase reporter assay; Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay etc. no "MiR-27a-3p is induced by TGF-B1 in human lung fibroblasts and in fibroblasts isolated from fibrotic mouse lungs, whereas both basal and TGF-B1-induced expression of miR-27a-3p are reduced in lung fibroblasts from patients with IPF compared with that from normal control subjects. Mechanically, miR-27a-3p inhibits the profibrotic phenotypes of myofibroblasts through directly targeting a-SMA and the Smad transcriptional factors, smad2 and smad4." 26600197 MicroRNA-27a-3p Is a Negative Regulator of Lung Fibrosis by Targeting Myofibroblast Differentiation 2016 lung idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-27b MI0000142 miRBase miRNA down-regulation Tbr1; Smad2 TGF-B signaling pathway qRT-PCR; Dual-luciferase reporter assay; etc. no MiR-27b was down-regulated in fibrotic lungs and fibroblasts from an experimental mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis. MiR-27b is an anti-fibrotic microRNA that inhibits fibroblast activation by targeting TGFB receptor 1 and SMAD2. 28095798 MiR-27b inhibits fibroblast activation via targeting TGFB signaling pathway 2016 lung idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-30a MI0000144 miRBase miRNA hydroxymethylation Tet1 NA qRT-PCR; Dual-luciferase reporter assay; Masson's trichrome staining etc. no MiR-30a could inhibit TET1 expression through base pairing with complementary sites in the 3'untranslated region to inhibit Drp-1 promoter hydroxymethylation and therefore inhibiting pulmonary fibrosis. 28294974 MiR-30a as Potential Therapeutics by Targeting TET1 through Regulation of Drp-1 Promoter Hydroxymethylation in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis 2017 lung idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus miR-323-3p MIMAT0000551 miRBase miRNA down-regulation Smad2; Tgfa NA Dual-luciferase reporter assay; PCR etc. no "MiR-323a-3p is downregulated in the epithelium of lungs with bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) after lung transplantation, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and murine bleomycin-induced fibrosis. MiR-323a-3p attenuates TGF-a and TGF-B signaling by directly targeting SMAD2 and TGFA. Moreover, miR-323a-3p lowers caspase-3 expression, thereby limiting programmed cell death from inducers of apoptosis and ER stress. Epithelial expression of miR-323a-3p modulates inhibitory crosstalk with fibroblasts. Downregulated expression of miR-323a-3p by the lung epithelium releases inhibition of various profibrotic pathways to promote fibroproliferation." 27942594 MiR-323a-3p regulates lung fibrosis by targeting multiple profibrotic pathways 2016 lung idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus miR-338-5p MIMAT0004647 miRBase miRNA down-regulation Lpa1; Smo NA qRT-PCR; Immunohistochemistry; etc. no "MiR-338*(miR-338-5p), which has been found to be associated with tumor progression, was down-regulated in fibroblasts and TGF-B-induced lung fibrotic tissues.LPA1 was proven to be a downstream target of miR-338*. MiR-338* attenuates the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis through targeting LPA1. Thus, miR-338* can be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of IPF." 27508041 MiR-338* suppresses fibrotic pathogenesis in pulmonary fibrosis through targeting LPA1 2016 lung idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-34a MI0000584 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA Masson's trichrome staining; Immunohistochemistry; qRT-PCR etc. no "MiR-34a demonstrated greater expression in the lungs of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and in mice with experimental pulmonary fibrosis, with its primary localization in lung fibroblasts. More importantly, miR-34a was up-regulated significantly in both human and mouse lung myofibroblasts. MiR-34a functions through a negative feedback mechanism to restrain fibrotic response in the lungs by promoting senescence of pulmonary fibroblasts." 27635790 MiR-34a Inhibits Lung Fibrosis by Inducing Lung Fibroblast Senescence 2016 lung idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-34a MI0000584 miRBase miRNA up-regulation Sirt1; E2f3; Cyclin E2 NA Masson's trichrome staining; qRT-PCR; etc. no "MiR-34a was upregulated in lung epithelial cells of aged mice, and was further increased in epithelial cells of the fibrotic lungs of these old animals. MiR-34a induced dysfunctions in alveolar epithelial cells (AECs), as evidenced by increased cellular senescence and apoptosis and mitochondrial aberrations. More importantly, these abnormalities were attenuated in AECs of the fibrotic lungs of aged miR-34a-/- mice. MiR-34a targeted Sirt1, E2F3 and cyclin E2 in lung epithelial cells, and the repression of these targets was relieved in miR-34a-deficient AECs." 27979858 MiR-34a promotes fibrosis in aged lungs by inducing alveolar epithelial dysfunctions 2016 lung pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-449a MI0001649 miRBase miRNA down-regulation Bcl2 NA Immunofluorescence; qRT-PCR etc. no MiR-449a expression was decreased in fibrotic lungs and activated fibroblasts. Autophagy was inhibited in fibrotic lung tissues and TGF-B1-treated fibroblasts. MiR-449a had an antifibrotic effect in silica-induced lung fibrosis. MiR-449a upregulated autophagic activity in vitro. Bcl2 is the autophagy-related target of miR-449a. TGF-B1 increase the expression of Bcl2 via the MAPK/ERK pathway. 27351886 MiR-449a regulates autophagy to inhibit silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis through targeting Bcl2 2016 lung idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus miR-497a-5p MIMAT0003453 miRBase miRNA up-regulation Reck NA qRT-PCR; Dual-luciferase reporter assay; etc. no "MiR-497-5p was significantly upregulated both during myofibroblast differentiation of lung resident mesenchymal stem cells (LR-MSCs) and in the lung tissues of a pulmonary fibrosis model. Reversion-inducing cysteine-rich protein with kazal motifs (Reck) was one of the target genes of miR-497-5p, and Reck could suppress the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (Mmp2) and Mmp9, which could activate latent transforming growth factor-B1 (TGF-B1). Upregulation of miR-497-5p could induce LR-MSCs to differentiate into myofibroblasts and promote pulmonary fibrogenesis, while inhibition of its expression could effectively retard these processes." 28098218 The role of miR-497-5p in myofibroblast differentiation of LR-MSCs and pulmonary fibrogenesis 2017 lung idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus miR-877-3p MIMAT0004862 miRBase miRNA up-regulation Smad7 NA qRT-PCR; Dual-luciferase reporter assay; Immunofluorescence etc. no "MiR-877-3p is highly up-regulated in the myofibroblast differentiation of LR-MSCs and in the fibrotic lung. More importantly, we found that miR-877-3p sequestration inhibited the myofibroblast differentiation of LR-MSCs and attenuates bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis by targeting Smad7." 27444321 MiR-877-3p targets Smad7 and is associated with myofibroblast differentiation and bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis 2016 lung Lung_Inflammation mus_musculus miR-34c-3p MIMAT0004580 miRBase miRNA dysregulation NA NA MWCNT pharyngeal aspiration exposure; Integrated mRNA/miRNA analysis; Ingenuity pathway analysis etc. no Molecular signaling networks that are potentially reflective of and play a role in MWCNT-induced lung inflammatory and fibrotic pathology were constructed. 25527334 MRNA and miRNA regulatory networks reflective of multi-walled carbon nanotube-induced lung inflammatory and fibrotic pathologies in mice 2015 lung pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus miR-34c-3p MIMAT0004580 miRBase miRNA dysregulation NA NA MWCNT pharyngeal aspiration exposure; Integrated mRNA/miRNA analysis; Ingenuity pathway analysis etc. no Molecular signaling networks that are potentially reflective of and play a role in MWCNT-induced lung inflammatory and fibrotic pathology were constructed. 25527334 MRNA and miRNA regulatory networks reflective of multi-walled carbon nanotube-induced lung inflammatory and fibrotic pathologies in mice 2015 lung idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-34a MI0000584 miRBase miRNA up-regulation Sirt1; Cyclin E2; Cyclin D1; E2f3 NA Masson's trichrome staining; Immunohistochemistry; qRT-PCR etc. no "More importantly, miR-34a was up-regulated significantly in both human and mouse lung myofibroblasts. We found that mice with miR-34a ablation developed more severe pulmonary fibrosis than did wild-type animals after fibrotic lung injury. Mechanistically, we found that miR-34a induced a senescent phenotype in lung fibroblasts because this microRNA increased senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity, enhanced expression of senescence markers, and decreased cell proliferative capacities." 27635790 MiR-34a Inhibits Lung Fibrosis by Inducing Lung Fibroblast Senescence 2017 lung idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-34a MI0000584 miRBase miRNA up-regulation Sirt1 NA Immunohistochemistry; H&E etc. no "P53 and apoptosis is induced with suppression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and the uPA receptor in AECs from the lungs of IPF patients and in mice with lung injury. Treatment with the caveolin-1 scaffolding domain peptide (CSP) reversed these effects. AECs from IPF lungs or mice with diverse types of lung injuries showed increased p53 acetylation and miR-34a expression with reduction in Sirt1. Bleomycin failed to induce miR-34a in p53- or plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1)-deficient mice. CSP-mediated inhibition of miR-34a restored Sirt1, suppressed p53 acetylation and apoptosis in injured AECs, and prevented pulmonary fibrosis (PF). AEC-specific suppression of miR-34a inhibited bleomycin-induced p53, PAI-1, and apoptosis and prevented PF, whereas overexpression of precursor-miR-34a increased p53, PAI-1, and apoptosis in AECs of mice unexposed to bleomycin. P53 and miR-34a Feedback Promotes Lung Epithelial Injury and Pulmonary Fibrosis." 28273432 P53 and miR-34a Feedback Promotes Lung Epithelial Injury and Pulmonary Fibrosis 2017 lung pulmonary_hypertension mus_musculus mir-199a-2 MI0000713 miRBase miRNA down-regulation Hif-1a NA Dual-luciferase reporter assay; qRT-PCR; etc. no "Placenta growth factor(PlGF) treatment of endothelial cells resulted in reduced levels of miR-199a2, which targeted the 3'-UTR of HIF-1a mRNA and concomitantly led to augmented ET-1 expression. Fenofibrate, a PPARa agonist, increased the expression of miR-199a2, which was responsible for reduced expression of HIF-1a and ET-1. In vivo studies of fenofibrate-fed Berkeley sickle mice resulted in increased levels of miR-199a2 and reduced levels of ET-1 in lung tissues. Fenofibrate-induced miR-199a2 expression can ameliorate PH by reduction of ET-1 levels." 25389292 Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-a-mediated transcription of miR-199a2 attenuates endothelin-1 expression via hypoxia-inducible factor-1a 2014 lung idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA qRT-PCR; ELISA etc. no "Radix puerariae extracts(RPEs) blocked PQ-induced Fstl 1 pathways and oxidative stress by inhibiting miR-21 expression, leading to attenuation of PQ-induced lung fibrosis." 26758514 Radix puerariae extracts ameliorate paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis by attenuating follistatin-like 1 and nuclear factor erythroid 2p45-related factor-2 signalling pathways through downregulation of miRNA-21 expression 2016 lung idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus miR-21a-5p MIMAT0000530 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA Exoscreen assay; MicroRNA PCR array in mouse serum EVS; qRT-PCR etc. no "Serum EV miR-21-5p was elevated in both the acute inflammatory phase (day 7) and the chronic fibrotic phase (day 28) in the mouse model.Serum EV miR-21-5p was significantly higher in IPF patients than in healthy control subjects. The baseline serum EV miR-21-5p was correlated with the rate of decline in vital capacity over 6 months. Furthermore, serum EV miR-21-5p was independently associated with mortality during the following 30 months, even after adjustment for other variables. In the survival analysis, IPF patients whose baseline serum EV miR-21-5p was high had a significantly poorer prognosis over 30 months. Serum EV miR-21-5p has potential as a prognostic biomarker for IPF." 27596748 Serum extracellular vesicular miR-21-5p is a predictor of the prognosis in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis 2016 lung cystic_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-144 MI0000168 miRBase miRNA up-regulation Cftr NA Dual-luciferase reporter assay; qRT-PCR; In situ Hybridization etc. no The Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane conductance Regulator (CFTR) is a chloride channel that plays a critical role in the lung by maintaining fluid homeostasis. Absence or malfunction of CFTR leads to Cystic Fibrosis; Chronic cigarette smoking up-regulates miR-101 and that this miRNA could contribute to suppression of CFTR in the lungs of COPD patients. 23226399 MiR-101 and miR-144 regulate the expression of the CFTR chloride channel in the lung 2012 lung cystic_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-101a MI0000148 miRBase miRNA up-regulation Cftr NA Dual-luciferase reporter assay; qRT-PCR; In situ Hybridization etc. no The Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane conductance Regulator (CFTR) is a chloride channel that plays a critical role in the lung by maintaining fluid homeostasis. Absence or malfunction of CFTR leads to Cystic Fibrosis; Chronic cigarette smoking up-regulates miR-101 and that this miRNA could contribute to suppression of CFTR in the lungs of COPD patients. 23226399 MiR-101 and miR-144 regulate the expression of the CFTR chloride channel in the lung 2012 lung pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus miR-486-5p MIMAT0003130 miRBase miRNA down-regulation Smad2 NA qRT-PCR; Dual-luciferase reporter assay; Immunoblot etc. no "The dysregulation of five miRNAs, including miR-21, miR-455, miR-151-3p, miR-486-5p and miR-3107, were confirmed by qRT-PCRs in silica-induced mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis and were also confirmed in a bleomycin (BLM)-induced mouse lung fibrosis. Notably, miR-486-5p levels were decreased in the serum samples of patients with silicosis, as well as in the lung tissues of patients with silicosis and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). SMAD2 was identified to be one of target genes of miR-486-5p. MiR-486-5p expression significantly decreased both the distribution and severity of lung lesions compared with the silica group (P < 0.01)." 26370615 The Anti-fibrotic Effects and Mechanisms of MicroRNA-486-5p in Pulmonary Fibrosis 2015 lung idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-221 MI0000709 miRBase miRNA down-regulation Hmga2 NA Mtt assay; qRT-PCR; etc. no The expression of miR 221 was inhibited in both IPF tissues and pulmonary cells whereas mRNA and protein expression of HMGA2 were increased. MiR 221 targets HMGA2 to inhibit BLM induced pulmonary fibrosis through the TGF B1/Smad3 signaling pathway. 27513632 MiR 221 targets HMGA2 to inhibit bleomycin induced pulmonary fibrosis by regulating TGF B1/Smad3-induced EMT 2016 lung idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA down-regulation Col1a1; Col1a2; Col3a1; Col4a1; Col4a2; Col15a1; Itga11; Adam12; Adamts9; Nid1 NA qRT-PCR; Dual-luciferase reporter assay; etc. no "The expression of miR-29 family members significantly reduced in fibrotic lungs. MiR-29 is suppressed by transforming growth factor (TGF)-B1and many fibrosis-associated genes up-regulated by TGF-B1 are derepressed by miR-29 knockdown. Interestingly, a comparison of TGF-B1 and miR-29 targets revealed that miR-29 controls an additional subset of fibrosis-related genes, including laminins and integrins, independent of TGF-B1." 20971881 MiR-29 is a major regulator of genes associated with pulmonary fibrosis 2010 lung idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-21b MI0021906 miRBase miRNA down-regulation Col1a1; Col1a2; Col3a1; Col4a1; Col4a2; Col15a1; Itga11; Adam12; Adamts9; Nid1 NA qRT-PCR; Dual-luciferase reporter assay; etc. no "The expression of miR-29 family members significantly reduced in fibrotic lungs. MiR-29 is suppressed by transforming growth factor (TGF)-B1and many fibrosis-associated genes up-regulated by TGF-B1 are derepressed by miR-29 knockdown. Interestingly, a comparison of TGF-B1 and miR-29 targets revealed that miR-29 controls an additional subset of fibrosis-related genes, including laminins and integrins, independent of TGF-B1." 20971881 MiR-29 is a major regulator of genes associated with pulmonary fibrosis 2010 lung idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-21c MI0021932 miRBase miRNA down-regulation Col1a1; Col1a2; Col3a1; Col4a1; Col4a2; Col15a1; Itga11; Adam12; Adamts9; Nid1 NA qRT-PCR; Dual-luciferase reporter assay; etc. no "The expression of miR-29 family members significantly reduced in fibrotic lungs. MiR-29 is suppressed by transforming growth factor (TGF)-B1and many fibrosis-associated genes up-regulated by TGF-B1 are derepressed by miR-29 knockdown. Interestingly, a comparison of TGF-B1 and miR-29 targets revealed that miR-29 controls an additional subset of fibrosis-related genes, including laminins and integrins, independent of TGF-B1." 20971881 MiR-29 is a major regulator of genes associated with pulmonary fibrosis 2010 lung idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-29a MI0000576 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA PP2A/HISTONE DEACETYLASE C4/MICRORNA-29 signaling pathway qRT-PCR; Immunohistochemistry etc. no "The mechanism for suppression of miR-29 during IPF fibroblast interaction with polymerized collagen involves inappropriately low protein phosphatase (PP) 2A function, leading to histone deacetylase (HDA) C4 phosphorylation and decreased nuclear translocation of HDAC4.PF fibroblast interaction with polymerized type I collagen results in an aberrant PP2A/HDAC4 axis, which suppresses miR-29, causing a pathologic increase in type I collagen expression." 25612003 Pathologic Regulation of Collagen I by an Aberrant Protein Phosphatase 2A/Histone Deacetylase C4/MicroRNA-29 Signal Axis in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Fibroblasts 2015 lung pulmonary_hypertension mus_musculus mir-210 MI0000695 miRBase miRNA up-regulation E2f3 NA EDU assay; Dual-luciferase reporter assay etc. no "Transcriptional induction of miR-210 in HPASMC is hypoxia-inducible factor-1a dependent. Inhibition of miR-210 in HPASMC caused a significant decrease in cell number due to increased apoptosis. MiR-210 mediates its antiapoptotic effects via the regulation of transcription factor E2F3, a direct target of miR-210." 22886504 MiR-210 has an antiapoptotic effect in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells during hypoxia 2012 lung idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus miR-9-5p MIMAT0000142 miRBase miRNA dysregulation Tgfbr2; Nox4 NA Dual-luciferase reporter assay; ISH etc. no "Transforming growth factor-B1 (TGF-B1) stimulates the production of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4)-dependent ROS, promoting lung fibrosis (LF). MiR-9-5p has an inhibitory effect on TGF-B receptor type II (TGFBR2) and NOX4 expression. Increased expression of miR-9-5p abrogates TGF-B1-dependent myofibroblast phenotypic transformation. In the mouse model of bleomycin-induced LF, miR-9-5p dramatically reduces fibrogenesis and inhibition of miR-9-5p prevents its anti-fibrotic effect both in vitro and in vivo. In lung specimens from patients with IPF, high levels of miR-9-5p are found. TGF-B1 induces miR-9-5p expression as a self-limiting homeostatic response." 26315535 MiR-9-5p suppresses pro-fibrogenic transformation of fibroblasts and prevents organ fibrosis by targeting NOX4 and TGFBR2 2015 lung pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-668 MI0004134 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA Exposure to MS; Microarray analyses etc. no "Upregulation of 3 miRNAs (miR-92b, miR-700 and miR-668) and the downregulation of 5 miRNAs (let-7e, miR-142-5p, miR-350, miR-19a and miR191*) in the peripheral blood of mice exposed to mainstream smoking for 1, 2, 3 and 6 months. Circulating miRNAs might be promising biomarkers to reflect the dynamic pathological changes of SRIF related interstitial fibrosis." 22782705 Circulating miRNAs might be promising biomarkers to reflect the dynamic pathological changes in smoking-related interstitial fibrosis 2014 lung pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-92b MI0005521 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA Exposure to MS; Microarray analyses etc. no "Upregulation of 3 miRNAs (miR-92b, miR-700 and miR-668) and the downregulation of 5 miRNAs (let-7e, miR-142-5p, miR-350, miR-19a and miR191*) in the peripheral blood of mice exposed to mainstream smoking for 1, 2, 3 and 6 months. Circulating miRNAs might be promising biomarkers to reflect the dynamic pathological changes of SRIF related interstitial fibrosis." 22782705 Circulating miRNAs might be promising biomarkers to reflect the dynamic pathological changes in smoking-related interstitial fibrosis 2014 lung pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-700 MI0004684 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA Exposure to MS; Microarray analyses etc. no "Upregulation of 3 miRNAs (miR-92b, miR-700 and miR-668) and the downregulation of 5 miRNAs (let-7e, miR-142-5p, miR-350, miR-19a and miR191*) in the peripheral blood of mice exposed to mainstream smoking for 1, 2, 3 and 6 months. Circulating miRNAs might be promising biomarkers to reflect the dynamic pathological changes of SRIF related interstitial fibrosis." 22782705 Circulating miRNAs might be promising biomarkers to reflect the dynamic pathological changes in smoking-related interstitial fibrosis 2014 lung pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-142a MI0000167 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA Exposure to MS; Microarray analyses etc. no "Upregulation of 3 miRNAs (miR-92b, miR-700 and miR-668) and the downregulation of 5 miRNAs (let-7e, miR-142-5p, miR-350, miR-19a and miR191*) in the peripheral blood of mice exposed to mainstream smoking for 1, 2, 3 and 6 months. Circulating miRNAs might be promising biomarkers to reflect the dynamic pathological changes of SRIF related interstitial fibrosis." 22782705 Circulating miRNAs might be promising biomarkers to reflect the dynamic pathological changes in smoking-related interstitial fibrosis 2014 lung pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-191 MI0000233 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA Exposure to MS; Microarray analyses etc. no "Upregulation of 3 miRNAs (miR-92b, miR-700 and miR-668) and the downregulation of 5 miRNAs (let-7e, miR-142-5p, miR-350, miR-19a and miR191*) in the peripheral blood of mice exposed to mainstream smoking for 1, 2, 3 and 6 months. Circulating miRNAs might be promising biomarkers to reflect the dynamic pathological changes of SRIF related interstitial fibrosis." 22782705 Circulating miRNAs might be promising biomarkers to reflect the dynamic pathological changes in smoking-related interstitial fibrosis 2014 lung pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus let-7e MI0000561 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA Exposure to MS; Microarray analyses etc. no "Upregulation of 3 miRNAs (miR-92b, miR-700 and miR-668) and the downregulation of 5 miRNAs (let-7e, miR-142-5p, miR-350, miR-19a and miR191*) in the peripheral blood of mice exposed to mainstream smoking for 1, 2, 3 and 6 months. Circulating miRNAs might be promising biomarkers to reflect the dynamic pathological changes of SRIF related interstitial fibrosis." 22782705 Circulating miRNAs might be promising biomarkers to reflect the dynamic pathological changes in smoking-related interstitial fibrosis 2014 lung pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-19a MI0000688 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA Exposure to MS; Microarray analyses etc. no "Upregulation of 3 miRNAs (miR-92b, miR-700 and miR-668) and the downregulation of 5 miRNAs (let-7e, miR-142-5p, miR-350, miR-19a and miR191*) in the peripheral blood of mice exposed to mainstream smoking for 1, 2, 3 and 6 months. Circulating miRNAs might be promising biomarkers to reflect the dynamic pathological changes of SRIF related interstitial fibrosis." 22782705 Circulating miRNAs might be promising biomarkers to reflect the dynamic pathological changes in smoking-related interstitial fibrosis 2014 lung pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-350 MI0000640 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA Exposure to MS; Microarray analyses etc. no "Upregulation of 3 miRNAs (miR-92b, miR-700 and miR-668) and the downregulation of 5 miRNAs (let-7e, miR-142-5p, miR-350, miR-19a and miR191*) in the peripheral blood of mice exposed to mainstream smoking for 1, 2, 3 and 6 months. Circulating miRNAs might be promising biomarkers to reflect the dynamic pathological changes of SRIF related interstitial fibrosis." 22782705 Circulating miRNAs might be promising biomarkers to reflect the dynamic pathological changes in smoking-related interstitial fibrosis 2014 lung idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus miR-26a-5p MIMAT0000533 miRBase miRNA dysregulation Lin28b NA Masson's trichrome staining; Immunohistochemistry; qRT-PCR etc. no Upregulation of Lin28B contributes to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Lin28B causes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by inhibition of let-7d. Lin28B is one of the targets of microRNA-26a. MiR-26a enhances the expression of let-7d via targeting regulation of Lin28B. A regulatory network among miRNAs involved in the progression of IPF. 26787543 MiR-26a suppresses EMT by disrupting the Lin28B/let-7d axis: potential cross-talks among miRNAs in IPF 2016 skin skin_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-149 MI0000171 miRBase miRNA dysregulation NA NA qRT-PCR; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; etc. no "Mir 149 was revealed to indirectly accelerate transforming growth factor beta3 and collagen type iii expression in fibroblasts, which are essential cells in extracellular matrix remodeling. In a rat skin wound model, mir 149 improved the quality of the arrangement of collagen bundles and reduced inflammatory cell infiltration during skin wound healing. These results indicate that mir 149 may be a potential regulator in improving the quality of skin wound healing." 28627609 MicroRNA-149 contributes to scarless wound healing by attenuating inflammatory response 2017 skin skin_fibrosis mus_musculus miR-9-5p MIMAT0000142 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA immunofluorescence etc. no Mir-9-5p significantly prevents fibrogenesis in skin fibrosis. This is mediated by an abrogation of tgf-beta-mediated signaling through the down-regulation of tgfbr2 expression in hdfs. These results may pave the way for future diagnostic or therapeutic developments for skin fibrosis based on mir-9-5p. 27274768 Protective role for miR-9-5p in the fibrogenic transformation of human dermal fibroblasts 2016 skin skin_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-155 MI0000177 miRBase miRNA up-regulation MIR-155 WNT SIGNALING PATHWAY; CATENIN BETA 1; PI3K-AKT SIGNALING PATHWAY q-PCR; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay etc. no "Our data suggest the potential of mir-155 silencing as a promising treatment for dermal fibrosis, especially in topical applications." 26828700 Targeting miR-155 to Treat Experimental Scleroderma 2016 skin scleroderma_systemic mus_musculus mir-125b-1 MI0000725 miRBase miRNA down-regulation BAK 1; BMF; BBC 3 NA q-PCR; immunofluorescence etc. yes "Our findings indicate that mir-125b is down-regulated in ssc skin and primary dermal fibroblasts. Mir-125b down-regulation increases apoptosis and decreases proliferation and alfa-sma expression in dermal fibroblasts, indicating that its compensatory, antifibrotic mechanism may be a potential novel therapeutic option." 31309742 Regulation of Fibroblast Apoptosis and Proliferation by MicroRNA-125b in Systemic Sclerosis 2017 skin cicatrix_hypertrophic mus_musculus mir-130a MI0000156 miRBase miRNA dysregulation CYLD MIR-130A; CYLD; PI3K-AKT SIGNALING PATHWAY qRT-PCR; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay etc. no "Our results indicate that mir-130a promotes collagen secretion, myofibroblast transformation and cell proliferation by targeting cyld and enhancing akt activity. Therefore, the mir-130a;Cyld;Akt pathway may serve as a novel entry point for future skin fibrosis research." 31283910 MicroRNA-130a has pro-fibroproliferative potential in hypertrophic scar by targeting CYLD 2019 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-155-5p MI0000177 miRBase miRNA up-regulation C-SKI TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY RT-PCR; dual-luciferase reporter assay yes "These findings suggested that apigenin could inhibit the differentiation and extracellular matrix production in TGF-beta1-stimulated cardiac fibroblasts (CFs), and its mechanisms might partly be attributable to the reduction of miR-155-5p expression and subsequent increment of c-Ski expression, which might result in the inhibition of Smad2/3 and p-Smad2/3 expressions." 32800930 Apigenin attenuates TGF-beta1-stimulated cardiac fibroblast differentiation and extracellular matrix production by targeting miR-155-5p/c-Ski/Smad pathway 2021 heart myocarditis mus_musculus mir-30a MI0000144 miRBase miRNA up-regulation SOCS1 NA RT-PCR; dual-luciferase reporter assay etc. no Silencing of miR-30a-5p may promote M2 polarization of macrophages and improve cardiac injury following Viral myocarditis (VMC) via Socs1 upregulation. 33416455 MicroRNA-30a-5p silencing polarizes macrophages towards M2 phenotype to alleviate cardiac injury following viral myocarditis by targeting SOCS1 2021 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-30b MI0000145 miRBase miRNA down-regulation SNAT1 NA qRT-PCR; dual-luciferase reporter assay etc. no miR-30b-5p play a protective role by targeting snai1 in renal epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in diabetic nephropathy. 33383483 MiR-30b-5p modulate renal epithelial-mesenchymal transition in diabetic nephropathy by directly targeting SNAI1 2021 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-299a MI0000399 miRBase miRNA up-regulation FST NA NA no "miR299a-5p is an important post-transcriptional regulator of follistatin, with its upregulation an important pathogenic contributor to renal fibrosis." 33420269 MiR299a-5p promotes renal fibrosis by suppressing the antifibrotic actions of follistatin 2021 kidney kidney_diseases mus_musculus mir-302b MI0003716 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY Masson's trichrome staining; dual-luciferase reporter assay etc. no miR-302b attenuated renal fibrosis by targeting TGF-beta R2 to suppress TGF-beta/Smad signaling activation. 33503202 MicroRNA-302b mitigates renal fibrosis via inhibiting TGF-beta/Smad pathway activation 2021 liver hepatitis mus_musculus mir-a6 NA NA miRNA up-regulation SIRP-A NA NA no "In summary, HEV-miR-A6 activates SIRP-alfa to promote viral replication by inhibition of IFN-beta expression." 34918388 Hepatitis E virus-encoded microRNA promotes viral replication by inhibiting type I interferon 2022 lung pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus miR-30a-3p MIMAT0000129 miRBase miRNA down-regulation Foxk2 NA qRT-PCR; Immunofluorescence; Dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase Reporter Assay etc. no "Next, we detected circHIPK3 and miR-30a-3p expression levels in this model and observed circHIPK3 was up-regulated, while miR-30a-3p was markedly down-regulated in a time-dependent manner. Besides, the lactate levels and the protein expression of Foxk2 and glycolytic enzymes (HK2, PFKM, PKM2, and PDK1) were also upregulated after silica exposure." 34239356 CircHIPK3 regulates pulmonary fibrosis by facilitating glycolysis in miR-30a-3p/FOXK2-dependent manner 2021 lung pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus miR-211-5p MIMAT0000668 miRBase miRNA down-regulation Tgfbr2 NA qRT-PCR; Western Blot; Immunohistochemistry etc. yes "The qRT-PCR results also revealed that TGF-beta1 suppressed miR-211-5p expression, which was recovered following treatment with atractylon." 33855682 Atractylon Treatment Attenuates Pulmonary Fibrosis via Regulation of the mmu_circ_0000981/miR-211-5p/TGFBR2 Axis in an Ovalbumin-Induced Asthma Mouse Model 2021 lung silicosis mus_musculus miR-205-5p MIMAT0000238 miRBase miRNA down-regulation E2f1 NA Immunohistochemistry; qRT-PCR; Western Blot etc. no The quantitative analysis of miRNAs in the mouse silicosis tissues identified that only the miR-205-5p expression pattern was significantly downregulated in the alveolar tissues of silicosis. 34428336 MicroRNA-205-5p targets E2F1 to promote autophagy and inhibit pulmonary fibrosis in silicosis through impairing SKP2-mediated Beclin1 ubiquitination 2021 lung pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus miR-503-5p MIMAT0003188 miRBase miRNA up-regulation Bmpr1a NA qRT-PCR; Microarray Analysis etc. yes "The qRT-PCR analysis demonstrated a 2.65 +- 0.16-fold and 2.05 +- 0.25-fold increase in miR-503-5p and let-7a-5p, respectively; in the lungs of WT + BLM mice compared to untreated WT mice (P < 0.001)." 35083615 Inhibition of nuclear factor kappaB in the lungs protect bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in mice 2022 lung pulmonary_fibrosis mus_musculus let-7a-5p MIMAT0000521 miRBase miRNA up-regulation Edn1 NA qRT-PCR; Microarray Analysis etc. yes "The qRT-PCR analysis demonstrated a 2.65 +- 0.16-fold and 2.05 +- 0.25-fold increase in miR-503-5p and let-7a-5p, respectively; in the lungs of WT + BLM mice compared to untreated WT mice (P < 0.001)." 35083615 Inhibition of nuclear factor kappaB in the lungs protect bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in mice 2022 heart acute_myocardial_infarction mus_musculus mir-590 MI0005519 miRBase miRNA down-regulation TUG1 TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY cell counting kit-8;transwell assays;western blot no TUG1 knockdown suppressed the biological process of cardiac fibroblasts treated with TGF-beta1 by sponging miR-590. 34341870 TUG1 knockdown suppresses cardiac fibrosis after myocardial infarction 2021 heart heart_failure mus_musculus miR-185-5p MIMAT0000214 miRBase miRNA up-regulation apelin NA NA no "Augmenting miR-185-5p induced collagen production and profibrotic activation in cardiac fibroblasts, whereas inhibition of miR-185-5p attenuated collagen production." 34973276 MiR-185-5p regulates the development of myocardial fibrosis 2021 heart diabetic_cardiomyopathy mus_musculus mir-34a MI0000584 miRBase miRNA down-regulation Pin-1 NA qRT-PCR; Cell Counting Kit-8 assays;dual-luciferase reporter assay no "MiR-34a can attenuate myocardial fibrosis in DCM by reducing Type I collagen production, cell viability, and migration and increasing the apoptosis of CFs by targeting Pin-1 signaling." 33289184 miR-34a attenuates myocardial fibrosis in diabetic cardiomyopathy mice via targeting Pin-1 2021 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus miR-25-3p MIMAT0000652 miRBase miRNA up-regulation Dickkopf 3 NF-KAPPA B SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no MiR-25-3p enhances cardiac fibrosis by suppressing Dkk3 to activate Smad3 and fibrosis-related gene expression. 33723747 Dickkopf 3: a Novel Target Gene of miR-25-3p in Promoting Fibrosis-Related Gene Expression in Myocardial Fibrosis 2021 heart myocardical_ischemia mus_musculus mir-146a MI0000170 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NOX4;P38 MAPK SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no MiR-146a protects against myocardial ischaemia reperfusion injury by inhibiting NOX4 signalling. 34367463 miRNA-146a Mimic Inhibits NOX4/P38 Signalling to Ameliorate Mouse Myocardial Ischaemia Reperfusion (I/R) Injury 2021 heart pulmonary_arterial_hypertension mus_musculus miR-29a-3p MIMAT0000535 miRBase miRNA down-regulation THBS2 NA NA no MiR-29a-3p directly targets THBS2 and regulates THBS2 expression via a direct anti-fibrotic effect on PAH(pulmonary artery hypertension)-induced cardiac fibrosis. 34638915 miR-29a-3p/THBS2 Axis Regulates PAH-Induced Cardiac Fibrosis 2021 heart myocardical_ischemia mus_musculus miR-19a-3p MIMAT0000651 miRBase miRNA down-regulation PI3K PI3K-AKT SIGNALING PATHWAY q-PCR;immunofluorescence staining;microarray analysis yes "MiR-19a-3p down-regulated PIK3CA (PI3K) expression by directly targeting the PIK3CA gene,allicin pretreatment protects against myocardial I/R and activating the miR-19a-3p/PI3K/AKT pathway." 34607973 Allicin protects against myocardial I/R by accelerating angiogenesis via the miR-19a-3p/PI3K/AKT axis 2021 heart atrial_fibrillation mus_musculus miR-146b-5p MIMAT0003475 miRBase miRNA up-regulation TIMP4 NA NA no The cardiac fibrosis induced by myocardial infarction was attenuated in antagomiR-146 treated mice by increasing the expression of TIMP4. 34643044 MicroRNA-146b-5p promotes atrial fibrosis in atrial fibrillation by repressing TIMP4 2021 heart heart_failure mus_musculus miR-99b-3p MIMAT0004525 miRBase miRNA up-regulation GSK-3beta NA NA no MiR-99b-3p contributes to Ang II-induced cardiac fibrosis at least partially through GSK-3beta. 32814818 MicroRNA-99b-3p promotes angiotensin II-induced cardiac fibrosis in mice by targeting GSK-3beta 2021 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus miR-218-5p MIMAT0000663 miRBase miRNA down-regulation p53;JMY NA immunoblotting;qRT-PCR;luciferase reporter assays no Protective ability of EPC-Exos against myocardial infarction was mediated by the shuttled miR-218-5p or miR-363-3p via targeting of the p53/JMY signaling pathway. 34326916 Exosomal miR-218-5p/miR-363-3p from Endothelial Progenitor Cells Ameliorate Myocardial Infarction by Targeting the p53/JMY Signaling Pathway 2021 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus miR-17-5p MIMAT0000649 miRBase miRNA down-regulation STAT3 NA the dual-luciferase assay yes Inhibition of miR-17-5p can inhibit myocardial autophagy through targeting STAT3 and then inhibit myocardial remodelling. 34755577 microRNA-17-5p downregulation inhibits autophagy and myocardial remodelling after myocardial infarction by targeting STAT3 2022 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus mir-27a MI0000578 miRBase miRNA up-regulation GFPT2 TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY bioinformatic analyses;luciferase assays no Overexpression of GFPT2 counteracted the protective functions of miR-27a against myocardial infarction through the activation of the TGF-beta/Smad2/3 signaling pathway. 33910455 Promoting roles of KLF5 in myocardial infarction in mice involving microRNA-27a suppression and the following GFPT2/TGF-beta/Smad2/3 axis activation 2021 heart myocardical_ischemia mus_musculus miR-218-5p MIMAT0000663 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NF-KAPPA B SIGNALING PATHWAY dual-luciferase reporter assay;RNA pull-down assay no "Inhibiting miR-218-5p declined lactate dehydrogenase activities and ROS, MDA and SOD levels in rat myocardial tissues under I/R injury, alleviated myocardial fibrosis and inflammatory reactions, and reduced myocardial infarction area." 34749249 Inhibition of miR-218-5p reduces myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in a Sprague-Dawley rat model by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation through MEF2C/NF-KB pathway 2021 heart diabetic_cardiomyopathy mus_musculus miR-340-5p MIMAT0004651 miRBase miRNA up-regulation Mcl-1 NA NA no "Mcl-1 as a major target gene for miR-340-5p and showed that the inhibition of Mcl-1 was responsible for increased functional loss of mitochondria, oxidative stress, and cardiomyocyte apoptosis" 35126811 miR-340-5p Mediates Cardiomyocyte Oxidative Stress in Diabetes-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction by Targeting Mcl-1 2022 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus miR-21-5p MIMAT0000530 miRBase miRNA up-regulation TIMP3 NA NA no Downregulation of miR-21-5p from macrophages-derived exosomes suppresses ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction via inhibiting TIMP3. 33882443 Downregulation of microRNA-21-5p from macrophages-derived exosomes represses ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction via inhibiting tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase 3 2021 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-451a MI0001730 miRBase miRNA down-regulation TBX1 TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY bioinformatics analysis;a luciferase reporter assay no "MiR-451a directly targeted TBX1 expression, which inhibited TGF-beta1 production in both cardiac myocytes and fibroblasts, inactivating of TGF-beta1/SMAD2/3 signaling, inhibiting myofibroblast differentiation and proinflammatory cytokine expression, and leading to attenuation of cardiac fibrosis and inflammation." 34851490 MicroRNA-451a attenuates angiotensin II-induced cardiac fibrosis and inflammation by directly targeting T-box1 2022 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus mir-155 MI0000177 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA NA no Genetic depletion of miR-155 in a dyslipidemic mouse model of myocardial infarction does not reduce infarction size and consecutive heart failure but does decrease myofibroblast density in the post-ischemic scar. 34067440 miR155 Deficiency Reduces Myofibroblast Density but Fails to Improve Cardiac Function after Myocardial Infarction in Dyslipidemic Mouse Model 2021 heart cardiovascular_diseases mus_musculus mir-21c MI0021932 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA PCR no MiR-21 is a mediator involved in the pathogenesis of cardiac fibrosis. 33804922 Therapeutic miR-21 Silencing Reduces Cardiac Fibrosis and Modulates Inflammatory Response in Chronic Chagas Disease 2021 heart cardiovascular_diseases mus_musculus mir-21b MI0021906 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA PCR no MiR-21 is a mediator involved in the pathogenesis of cardiac fibrosis. 33804922 Therapeutic miR-21 Silencing Reduces Cardiac Fibrosis and Modulates Inflammatory Response in Chronic Chagas Disease 2021 heart cardiovascular_diseases mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA PCR no MiR-21 is a mediator involved in the pathogenesis of cardiac fibrosis. 33804922 Therapeutic miR-21 Silencing Reduces Cardiac Fibrosis and Modulates Inflammatory Response in Chronic Chagas Disease 2021 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus miR-129-5p MIMAT0000209 miRBase miRNA down-regulation HMGB NA NA no Exosome-mediated transfer of miR-129-5p suppressed inflammation in myocardial infarction mice by targeting HMGB. 34814233 Exosomes derived from miR-129-5p modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells represses ventricular remolding of mice with myocardial infarction 2022 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus mir-671 MI0004133 miRBase miRNA up-regulation TGFBR2 NA microarray analysis;bioinformatic analysis no Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells -derived exosomal miR-671 directly targets TGFBR2 and reduces Smad2 phosphorylation to alleviate myocardial infarction-like symptoms both in vivo and in vitro. 33881681 Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Exosomes Carry MicroRNA-671 to Alleviate Myocardial Infarction Through Inactivating the TGFBR2/Smad2 Axis 2021 heart diabetic_cardiomyopathy mus_musculus miR-471-3p MIMAT0017195 miRBase miRNA up-regulation SIRT1 NA RT-PCR;western blotting;dual luciferase reporter assay etc. no The development of diabetic cardiomyopathy was related to advanced glycation end products-induced macrophage polarized to M1 type through a mechanism involving the miR-471-3p/SIRT1 pathway. 33417962 The effect of miR-471-3p on macrophage polarization in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy 2021 heart cardiovascular_diseases mus_musculus miR-214-3p MIMAT0000661 miRBase miRNA up-regulation c-Ski NA NA no The miR-214-3p/c-Ski axis modulated Ang II-induced endothelial to mesenchymal transition and cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in the mice model. 34978047 The miR-214-3p/c-Ski axis modulates endothelial-mesenchymal transition in human coronary artery endothelial cells in vitro and in mice model in vivo 2022 heart viral_myocarditis mus_musculus miR-30a-5p MIMAT0000128 miRBase miRNA up-regulation SOCS1 NA RT-PCR;western blot;dual luciferase reporter assay etc. no Silencing of miR-30a-5p may promote M2 polarization of macrophages and improve cardiac injury following viral myocarditis (VMC) via SOCS1 upregulation. 33416455 MicroRNA-30a-5p silencing polarizes macrophages toward M2 phenotype to alleviate cardiac injury following viral myocarditis by targeting SOCS1 2021 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-133b MI0000821 miRBase miRNA up-regulation PTBP1;TAGLN2 NA western blot;bioinformatics analysis;luciferase reporter assays etc. yes MiR?133b alleviated doxorubicin?induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and cardiac fibrosis by targeting PTBP1 and TAGLN2. 33982775 MicroRNA?133b alleviates doxorubicin?induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and cardiac fibrosis by targeting PTBP1 and TAGLN2 2021 heart heart_failure mus_musculus mir-128-2 MI0000726 miRBase miRNA up-regulation SIRT1;p53 PI3K-AKT SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no "Downregulation of miR-128 ameliorates Ang II-provoked cardiac oxidative stress, hypertrophy, fibrosis, apoptosis, and dysfunction in mice, likely through targeting on PIK3R1/Akt/mTORC1 and/or SIRT1/p53 pathways." 34646427 Downregulation of miR-128 Ameliorates Ang II-Induced Cardiac Remodeling via SIRT1/PIK3R1 Multiple Targets 2021 heart heart_failure mus_musculus mir-128-1 MI0000155 miRBase miRNA up-regulation SIRT1;p53 PI3K-AKT SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no "Downregulation of miR-128 ameliorates Ang II-provoked cardiac oxidative stress, hypertrophy, fibrosis, apoptosis, and dysfunction in mice, likely through targeting on PIK3R1/Akt/mTORC1 and/or SIRT1/p53 pathways." 34646427 Downregulation of miR-128 Ameliorates Ang II-Induced Cardiac Remodeling via SIRT1/PIK3R1 Multiple Targets 2021 heart heart_failure mus_musculus miR-206-3p MIMAT0000239 miRBase miRNA up-regulation SERP1 NA qRT-PCR;western blot;MTT assay etc. yes "MiR-206-3p was identified to target the 3'UTR of SERP1, resulting in the accumulation of un- or misfolded proteins, leading to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress." 34385094 "1, 8-cineole attenuates cardiac hypertrophy in heart failure by inhibiting the miR-206-3p/SERP1 pathway" 2021 heart myocardial_infarction mus_musculus miR-146b-5p MIMAT0003475 miRBase miRNA up-regulation IRAK1;CEACAM1 NA luciferase assays no "Overexpression of miR-146b-5p activated fibroblast proliferation, migration, and fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition, impaired endothelial cell function and stress survival, and disturbed macrophage paracrine signaling." 32845445 Therapeutic silencing miR-146b-5p improves cardiac remodeling in a porcine model of myocardial infarction by modulating the wound reparative phenotype 2021 heart endomyocardial_fibrosis mus_musculus miR-122-5p MIMAT0000246 miRBase miRNA down-regulation HIF-1 alpha TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY the dual-luciferase assay yes "Apigenin could suppress the differentiation and collagen synthesis of TGF-beta1-stimulated cardiac fibroblasts and mouse cardiac fibrosis, and its mechanisms were related to the increment of miR-122-5p expression and subsequent downregulation of HIF-1 alpha expression via direct interaction, which might finally result in the decrements of Smad2/3 and p-Smad2/3 expressions and increment of Smad7 expression." 33607460 Apigenin suppresses TGF-beta1-induced cardiac fibroblast differentiation and collagen synthesis through the downregulation of HIF-1 alpha expression by miR-122-5p. 2021 kidney renal_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-21a MI0000569 miRBase miRNA up-regulation PTEN NA NA no MiR-21 from tubular epithelial cells may accelerate the development of renal fibrosis by activating fibroblasts via the miR-21/PTEN/Akt pathway in obstructed kidneys. 34522205 Exosomal miR-21 from tubular cells contributes to renal fibrosis by activating fibroblasts via targeting PTEN in obstructed kidneys 2021 kidney renal_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-21b MI0021906 miRBase miRNA up-regulation PTEN NA NA no MiR-21 from tubular epithelial cells may accelerate the development of renal fibrosis by activating fibroblasts via the miR-21/PTEN/Akt pathway in obstructed kidneys. 34522205 Exosomal miR-21 from tubular cells contributes to renal fibrosis by activating fibroblasts via targeting PTEN in obstructed kidneys 2021 kidney renal_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-21c MI0021932 miRBase miRNA up-regulation PTEN NA NA no MiR-21 from tubular epithelial cells may accelerate the development of renal fibrosis by activating fibroblasts via the miR-21/PTEN/Akt pathway in obstructed kidneys. 34522205 Exosomal miR-21 from tubular cells contributes to renal fibrosis by activating fibroblasts via targeting PTEN in obstructed kidneys 2021 kidney renal_fibrosis mus_musculus let-7i-5p IMAT0000122 miRBase miRNA up-regulation GALNT1 NA RT-PCR;western blot no Overexpression of let-7i-5p inhibited GALNT1 expression and reduced release of inflammatory factors. 33881001 microRNA let-7i-5p aggravates kidney fibrosis via targeting GALNT1 2021 kidney chronic_kidney_disease mus_musculus let-7i-5p IMAT0000122 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA MTOR SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no Exosomal anti-let-7i-5p from mesenchymal stem cells-derived exerts anti-fibrotic effects in TGF-beta1-induced fibrogenic responses in kidney tubular epithelial cells cells in vitro as well as in unilateral ureteral obstruction-induced renal fibrosis model in vivo. 34079249 Mesenchymal Stem Cells Attenuate Renal Fibrosis via Exosomes-Mediated Delivery of microRNA Let-7i-5p Antagomir 2021 kidney renal_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-29b-2 MI0000712 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA qRT-PCR;western blot;luciferase reporter assay etc. no Tubulointerstitial fibrosis and deposition of extracellular matrix components such as collagen type I and type III were significantly decreased in renal tissue from mice delivered rAAV9-miR-29b. 34407760 rAAV9-mediated supplementation of miR-29b improve angiotensin-II induced renal fibrosis in mice 2021 kidney renal_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-29b-1 MI0000143 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA qRT-PCR;western blot;luciferase reporter assay etc. no Tubulointerstitial fibrosis and deposition of extracellular matrix components such as collagen type I and type III were significantly decreased in renal tissue from mice delivered rAAV9-miR-29b. 34407760 rAAV9-mediated supplementation of miR-29b improve angiotensin-II induced renal fibrosis in mice 2021 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-17 MI0000687 miRBase miRNA up-regulation Smad7 TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY qRT-PCR;western blot;luciferase reporter assay etc. no Downregulation of miR-17 could suppress renal fibrosis mediated by TGF-BETA1 through targeting Smad7. 33797702 Downregulation of miR-17 suppresses TGF-beta1-mediated renal fibrosis through targeting Smad7 2021 kidney renal_interstitial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-212 MI0000696 miRBase miRNA up-regulation HIF1AN NA NA no "High expression of miR?212 was closely associated with the occurrence of renal interstitial fibrosis, and that miR-212 may promote its development by targeting HIF1AN." 33495813 miR-212 promotes renal interstitial fibrosis by inhibiting hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha inhibitor 2021 kidney renal_fibrosis mus_musculus miR-29c-3p MIMAT0000536 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA RT-PCR;western blot;ELISA yes MiR-29c-3p expression was strongly correlated with that of Fer. In vivo validation showed increased expressions of fibrosis-associated genes and increased phospoho-Smad3 level in the unilateral ureteral obstruction model 34595351 Fer exacerbates renal fibrosis and can be targeted by miR-29c-3p 2021 kidney renal_fibrosis mus_musculus miR-21-5p MIMAT0000530 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NF-KAPPA B SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no The role of the METTL3-m6 A-miR-21-5p-SPRY1/ERK/NF-kB axis in obstructive renal fibrosis and provides a deeper understanding of renal fibrosis. 34164910 METTL3/N6-methyladenosine/ miR-21-5p promotes obstructive renal fibrosis by regulating inflammation through SPRY1/ERK/NF-kappaB pathway activation 2021 kidney chronic_kidney_disease mus_musculus miR-146a-5p MIMAT0000158 miRBase miRNA up-regulation Tfdp2 NA immunohistochemistry analysis;bioinformatics analysis;high-throughput sequencing no Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells attenuates cisplatin-induced renal fibrosis by regulating the miR-146a-5p/Tfdp2 axis in mouse renal tubular epithelial cells. 33664736 Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Ameliorate Cisplatin-Induced Renal Fibrosis via miR-146a-5p/Tfdp2 Axis in Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells 2021 kidney iga_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-25 MI0000689 miRBase miRNA up-regulation NA NA luciferase reporter assay no Inhibition of miR-25 cluster could promote cell proliferation and increase fibrosis-related protein and transferrin receptor (TFRC) expression. 34197043 Deletion of the miR-25/93/106b cluster induces glomerular deposition of immune complexes and renal fibrosis in mice 2021 kidney iga_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-93 MI0000581 miRBase miRNA up-regulation Ccnd1 NA luciferase reporter assay no MiR-93 cluster could upregulate Ccnd1 expression through direct binding with the 3'UTR of Ccnd1. 34197043 Deletion of the miR-25/93/106b cluster induces glomerular deposition of immune complexes and renal fibrosis in mice 2021 kidney iga_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-106b MI0000407 miRBase miRNA up-regulation Ccnd1 NA luciferase reporter assay no MiR-106b cluster could upregulate Ccnd1 expression through direct binding with the 3'UTR of Ccnd1. 34197043 Deletion of the miR-25/93/106b cluster induces glomerular deposition of immune complexes and renal fibrosis in mice 2021 kidney renal_interstitial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-29b-2 MI0000712 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA PI3K-AKT SIGNALING PATHWAY RT-PCR;western blot;histology no MiR-29b significantly prevented tubulointerstitial injury in mouse model of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) by attenuating renal tubular epithelial cell-mesenchymal transition via repressing PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. 33742315 microRNA-29b prevents renal fibrosis by attenuating renal tubular epithelial cell-mesenchymal transition through targeting the PI3K/AKT pathway 2021 kidney renal_interstitial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-29b-1 MI0000143 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA PI3K-AKT SIGNALING PATHWAY RT-PCR;western blot;histology no MiR-29b significantly prevented tubulointerstitial injury in mouse model of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) by attenuating renal tubular epithelial cell-mesenchymal transition via repressing PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. 33742315 microRNA-29b prevents renal fibrosis by attenuating renal tubular epithelial cell-mesenchymal transition through targeting the PI3K/AKT pathway 2021 kidney renal_interstitial_fibrosis mus_musculus mir-133b MI0000821 miRBase miRNA down-regulation MiR-133b TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY NA no "MiR-133b exerted targeted inhibitory effects on CTGF expression, which consequently reduced TGF-BETA1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of HK2 cells and renal interstitial fibrosis in aged mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)." 33691785 Regulation of connective tissue growth factor expression by miR-133b for the treatment of renal interstitial fibrosis in aged mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction 2021 kidney iga_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-23b MI0000141 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA CRISPR-Cas9 no Loss of miR-23b increases the susceptibility of the kidney to progressive fibrosis through loss of regulation of expression of gremlin 2 and IgA accumulation through downregulation of the transferrin receptor. 34479967 MicroRNA-23b-3p Deletion Induces an IgA Nephropathy-like Disease Associated with Dysregulated Mucosal IgA Synthesis 2021 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-543 MI0003519 miRBase miRNA up-regulation TSPAN8 NA qRT-PCR;western blot;dual-luciferase reporter no MiR-543 mediates high-glucose induced diabetic nephropathy via targeting TSPAN8. 35246069 miR-543 regulates high glucose-induced fibrosis and autophagy in diabetic nephropathy by targeting TSPAN8 2022 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus miR-483-5p MIMAT0004782 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA NA no MiR-483-5p restrained the expressions of fibrosis-related genes in vitro and renal interstitial fibrosis in vivo. 33692334 HNRNPA1-mediated exosomal sorting of miR-483-5p out of renal tubular epithelial cells promotes the progression of diabetic nephropathy-induced renal interstitial fibrosis 2021 kidney diabetic_kidney_disease mus_musculus mir-205 MI0000248 miRBase miRNA down-regulation HDAC NA NA no MiR-205 agonist attenuated extracellular matrix production in renal interstitial fibrosis in db/db mice. 35084460 The HDAC2/SP1/miR-205 feedback loop contributes to tubular epithelial cell extracellular matrix production in diabetic kidney disease 2022 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-365-1 MI0000768 miRBase miRNA up-regulation BDNF NA RT-qRT-PCR;western blot;luciferase reporter assay etc. no MiR-365 could regulate BDNF-TrkB signal axis in streptozotocin induced diabetic nephropathy fibrosis and renal function. 33881703 Mechanism of miR-365 in regulating BDNF-TrkB signal axis of HFD/STZ induced diabetic nephropathy fibrosis and renal function 2021 kidney diabetic_nephropathy mus_musculus mir-365-2 MI0001645 miRBase miRNA up-regulation BDNF NA RT-qRT-PCR;western blot;luciferase reporter assay etc. no MiR-365 could regulate BDNF-TrkB signal axis in streptozotocin induced diabetic nephropathy fibrosis and renal function. 33881703 Mechanism of miR-365 in regulating BDNF-TrkB signal axis of HFD/STZ induced diabetic nephropathy fibrosis and renal function 2021 kidney chronic_kidney_disease mus_musculus miR-196a-5p MIMAT0000518 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA WNT SIGNALING PATHWAY qRT-PCR;western blot;dual-luciferase reporter etc. no MiR-196a-5p overexpression downregulates Wnt1 and beta-catenin expression in kidney tissues and fibroblasts of mice. 34818249 The Long Noncoding RNA-H19 Mediates the Progression of Fibrosis from Acute Kidney Injury to Chronic Kidney Disease by Regulating the miR-196a/Wnt/beta-Catenin Signaling 2022 kidney acute_kidney_injury mus_musculus miR-196a-5p MIMAT0000518 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA WNT SIGNALING PATHWAY qRT-PCR;western blot;dual-luciferase reporter etc. no MiR-196a-5p overexpression downregulates Wnt1 and beta-catenin expression in kidney tissues and fibroblasts of ischemia-reperfusion injury mice. 34818249 The Long Noncoding RNA-H19 Mediates the Progression of Fibrosis from Acute Kidney Injury to Chronic Kidney Disease by Regulating the miR-196a/Wnt/beta-Catenin Signaling 2022 kidney chronic_kidney_disease mus_musculus mir-30a MI0000144 miRBase miRNA down-regulation NA NA qRT-PCR;immunoblotting;immunofluorescence staining no CircHIPK3 may contribute to progressive renal fibrosis by sponging miR-30a. 35058790 circHIPK3 Exacerbates Folic Acid-Induced Renal Tubulointerstitial Fibrosis by Sponging miR-30a 2022