Tissue	Disease	Species	symbol	ID	Platform	Type	Expression	Target	Pathway	Method	Drug	Function	PMID	Title	Year	
liver	liver_cirrhosis	mus_musculus	ctgf	100194970	Gene	mRNA	promoter methylation	CTGF	NA	qRT-PCR;  etc.	no	"Ctgf gene promoter methylation may prevent the development of hepatic fibrosis, and low level of ctgf gene promoter methylation in hscs may be a predisposing factor for developing liver fibrotic disease."	27069546	Role of CTGF gene promoter methylation in the development of hepatic fibrosis	2016	2020
heart	endomyocardial_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Irf1	16362	Gene	mRNA	sumoylation	NA	JAK-STAT SIGNALING PATHWAY	 PCR; immunofluorescence etc.	no	5-azacytidine (5AZ) had a protective effect after mi by potentiation of IRF1 sumoylation and is suggested as a novel therapeutic intervention for cardiac repair.	26510961	5-Azacytidine modulates interferon regulatory factor 1 in macrophages to exert a cardioprotective effect.Epigenetic Therapy for the Treatment of Hypertension-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy and Fibrosis	2015	2019
heart	cardiomegaly	mus_musculus	Dec	20893	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	FGF10	NA	Masson's  trichrome staining; RT-PCR;  etc.	no	"A dec1 deficiency protects the heart from perivascular fibrosis, regulates M1/M2 macrophage polarization and reduces cell apoptosis."	32896382	"Dec1 deficiency protects the heart from fibrosis, inflammation, and myocardial cell apoptosis in a mouse model of cardiac hypertrophy"	2020	2017
heart	endomyocardial_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Dec	20893	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	FGF10	NA	Masson's  trichrome staining; RT-PCR;  etc.	no	"A dec1 deficiency protects the heart from perivascular fibrosis, regulates M1/M3 macrophage polarization and reduces cell apoptosis."	32896382	"Dec1 deficiency protects the heart from fibrosis, inflammation, and myocardial cell apoptosis in a mouse model of cardiac hypertrophy"	2020	2016
heart	myocardial_infarction	mus_musculus	Dlk1	13386	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	DLK1	TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY	cell proliferation assays	no	An inhibitory role of DLK1 of cardiac fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation by interfering with TGF-beta/smad-3 signalling in the myocardium.	29668883	Deletion of delta-like 1 homologue accelerates fibroblast-myofibroblast differentiation and induces myocardial fibrosis	2019	2017
heart	myocardial_infarction	mus_musculus	Apln	58812	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	LGR4	APELIN SIGNALING PATHWAY	immunofluorescence; qRT-PCR; 	no	Apelin counterregulated against transverse aortic constriction (TAC)-mediated ascending aortic remodeling and angiotensin ii-induced promotion of cellular migration by blocking at1 receptor and miRNA-122 levels and preventing activation of the TGF-beta1-CTGF-NFAT5 and LRRF-beta-catenin signaling.	27773659	Ascending aortic adventitial remodeling and fibrosis are ameliorated with Apelin-13 in rats after TAC via suppression of the miRNA-122 and LGR4-beta-catenin signaling	2016	2020
heart	cardiomegaly	mus_musculus	Atf3	11910	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	MAP2K3	MAPK SIGNALING PATHWAY	nonbiased approach; gain of function approas; CHIP	no	ATF3 upregulation in cardiac fibroblasts in response to hypertensive stimuli protects the heart by suppressing MAP2K3 expression and subsequent p38-transforming growth factor-beta signaling.	28249877	Cardiac Fibroblast-Specific Activating Transcription Factor 3 Protects Against Heart Failure by Suppressing MAP2K3-p38 Signaling	2017	2018
heart	myocardial_infarction	mus_musculus	Mettl3	56335	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY	NA	no	"Enforced expression of METTL3 promoted proliferation and fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition and collagens accumulation, while silence of METTL3 did the opposite."	33150686	Silencing of METTL3 attenuates cardiac fibrosis induced by myocardial infarction via inhibiting the activation of cardiac fibroblasts	2020	2016
heart	myocardial_infarction	mus_musculus	Gpr19	14760	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	MTFR1	NA	transferase-mediated duip nick red labelinc;  etc.	no	Inhibition of Gpr19 improves cardiac function and reduces apoptosis and myocardial fibrosis scar formation in vivo.	31622017	Inhibition of the LncRNA Gpr19 attenuates ischemia-reperfusion injury after acute myocardial infarction by inhibiting apoptosis and oxidative stress via the miR-324-5p/Mtfr1 axis	2020	2020
heart	ventricular_dysfunction	mus_musculus	Kl	16591	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	NA	TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY	NA	no	Klotho prevents ang ii-induced cardiac remodeling and dysfunction through modifying the TGF-beta1-miR-132 axis.	31325434	"Klotho inhibits angiotensin II-induced cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and dysfunction in mice through suppression of transforming growth factor-beta1 signaling pathway"	2019	2019
heart	myocardial_infarction	mus_musculus	Mcpip	31358	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	NA	NF-KAPPA B SIGNALING PATHWAY	NA	no	"Mcpip expression in the ischemic myocardium protects against adverse cardiac remodeling and dysfunction following myocardial infarction (MI) by modulation of local myocardial inflammation, possibly through mitigating NF-Kb signaling and suppressing inflammation-associated microrna expression."	25840774	MCP-1-induced protein attenuates post-infarct cardiac remodeling and dysfunction through mitigating NF-KB activation and suppressing inflammation-associated microRNA expression	2015	2020
heart	heart_failure	mus_musculus	Mecp2	17257	Gene	mRNA	methylation	NA	NA	CHIP;  PCR etc.	no	miR-212/132 was upregulated after transverse aortic constriction or on activation of alfa1- and beta1-adrenoceptors and miR-212/132 led to repression of methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP3).	26195221	Adrenergic Repression of the Epigenetic Reader MeCP2 Facilitates Cardiac Adaptation in Chronic Heart Failure.	2015	2020
heart	endomyocardial_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Sp1	24790	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	SP1	TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY	MTT ASSAY;  PCR etc.	no	miR-7a/b has an anti-fibrotic role in ang ii-treated cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) that is mediated by sp1 mechanism involving the TGF-beta and MAPKs pathways.	25923922	Sp1 Mediates a Therapeutic Role of MiR-7a/b in Angiotensin II-Induced Cardiac Fibrosis via Mechanism Involving the TGF-beta and MAPKs Pathways in Cardiac Fibroblasts	2015	2019
heart	myocardial_infarction	mus_musculus	Trif	225471	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	RAAS	NA	Echocardiography;  RT-PCR	no	Overexpression of cardiac micrornas (miR)-34a reversed the cardiac benefits of TRIF deficiency in aldosterone-treated mice.	32542395	TRIF/miR-34a mediates aldosterone-induced cardiac inflammation and remodeling	2020	2019
heart	endomyocardial_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Sra1	252891	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	dual-luciferase reporter assay etc.	no	Sra1 promoted cardiac myofibroblast activation by acting as a competitive endogenous rnas for miR-148b.	30694702	LncRNA SRA1 Promotes the Activation of Cardiac Myofibroblasts Through Negative Regulation of miR-148b	2019	2019
heart	cardiomegaly	mus_musculus	Agtrap	298646	Gene	mRNA	hyper-methylation	NA	NA	 PCR; Echocardiography	yes	The hypomethylation of AGTARP accompanying upregulation of ATRP expression in the myocardium is associated with the long-term inhibition of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) with prehypertensive losartan treatment.	28000857	Hypomethylation of Agtrap is associated with long-term inhibition of left ventricular hypertrophy in prehypertensive losartan-treated spontaneously hypertensive rats.	2017	2018
heart	cardiomegaly	mus_musculus	Atrap	11610	Gene	mRNA	hyper-methylation	NA	NA	 PCR; Echocardiography	yes	The hypomethylation of AGTARP accompanying upregulation of ATRP expression in the myocardium is associated with the long-term inhibition of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) with prehypertensive losartan treatment.	28000857	Hypomethylation of Agtrap is associated with long-term inhibition of left ventricular hypertrophy in prehypertensive losartan-treated spontaneously hypertensive rats.	2017	2019
heart	cardiomegaly	mus_musculus	Myh7B	311570	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	CALCIUM SIGNALING PATHWAY	Echocardiography	no	NA	32207065	MYH7B variants cause hypertrophic cardiomyopathy by activating the CaMK-signaling pathway	2020	2021
kidney	kidney_diseases	mus_musculus	Plekho1	67220	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	CX43	NRF2 SIGNALING PATHWAY	immunofluorescence	no	"CKIP-1 acts downstream to CX43 on the activation of NRF2 signaling pathway to protect from renal fibrosis in diabetes, the mechanism of which might be related to the interaction of CKIP-1 with NRF2 through Cx43 carboxyl terminus (CT)."	33276097	CKIP-1 acts downstream to Cx43 on the activation of Nrf2 signaling pathway to protect from renal fibrosis in diabetes	2021	2020
kidney	diabetic_nephropathy	mus_musculus	Erbb4	13869	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	ERBB4-IR	TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY	NA	no	Erbb4-ir is a smad3-dependent lncrna that promotes renal fibrosis in type 2 diabetic nephropathy (T2DN) by suppressing miR-29b.	29222368	Novel lncRNA Erbb4-IR Promotes Diabetic Kidney Injury in db/db Mice by Targeting miR-29b	2018	2018
kidney	diabetic_nephropathy	mus_musculus	Sirt3	64384	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	NA	TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY	NA	no	SIRT3 deficiency promotes abnormal glycolysis which is responsible for the fibrogenic pathway in diabetic kidney.	30250024	SIRT3 deficiency leads to induction of abnormal glycolysis in diabetic kidney with fibrosis	2018	2020
kidney	kidney_diseases	mus_musculus	Sox9	20682	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY	NA	no	Sox9 to intrinsic mechanisms of TGF-beta signaling in renal fibrosis and may have therapeutic potential for tissue fibrosis.	29158184	TGF-beta-mediated upregulation of Sox9 in fibroblast promotes renal fibrosis	2018	2020
kidney	kidney_failure_chronic	mus_musculus	Atp6Ap2	70495	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	WNT SIGNALING PATHWAY	immunohistochemistry	no	The (pro)renin receptor (PRR) can promote kidney injury and fibrosis by amplifying wnt/beta-catenin signaling.	28270411	(Pro)renin Receptor Is an Amplifier of Wnt/ beta-Catenin Signaling in Kidney Injury and Fibrosis	2017	2020
kidney	kidney_diseases	mus_musculus	Cd226	225825	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	CD226	NA	Masson's  trichrome staining; RNA-seq analysis	no	The promotion of cd226 signaling on tregs is a therapeutic target for renal disease.	31802539	CD226 deficiency on regulatory T cells aggravates renal fibrosis via up-regulation of Th2 cytokines through miR-340	2020	2013
liver	liver_cirrhosis	mus_musculus	Fgf2	14173	Gene	mRNA	dna methylation	NA	P38 MAP KINASE	 RT-PCR; immunofluorescence etc.	no	"Ccn2 up-regulation in fibrotic or steatotic livers, or in culture-activated or ethanol-treated primary mouse hsc, is associated with a reciprocal down-regulation of microrna-214 (mir-214)."	25501710	Low-molecular-weight fibroblast growth factor 2 attenuates hepatic fibrosis by epigenetic down-regulation of Delta-like1	2015	2016
liver	liver_regeneration	mus_musculus	Pparg	25664	Gene	mRNA	dysregulation	NA	WNT SIGNALING PATHWAY	RT-PCR; miRNA microarray chip detection etc.	no	"Concomitant epigenetic silencing of sox1 and sfrps through promoter hypermethylation is frequent in hccs, and this might contribute to abnormal activation of canonical wnt signal pathway."	22298767	Hepatic stellate cell-derived delta-like homolog 1 (DLK1) protein in liver regeneration	2012	2020
liver	liver_cirrhosis	mus_musculus	Ash1l	192195	Gene	mRNA	histone methylation	ASH1	NA	immunoblotting; qRT-PCR etc.	no	"Curcumin can up-regulate mir-29b expression, resulting in dnmt3b down-regulation in hscs and epigenetically-regulated pten involved in the suppression of activated hscs."	22488473	Histone methyltransferase ASH1 orchestrates fibrogenic gene transcription during myofibroblast transdifferentiation	2012	2019
liver	liver_cirrhosis	mus_musculus	Septin9	53860	Gene	mRNA	sept9 methylation	44448	NA	qRT-PCR;  immunohistochemistry etc.	no	Epigenetic repression of smad7 promotes the phosphorylation of smad2 and smad3 that may be an important molecular mechanism for perpetuated hsc activation and liver fibrosis.	27939986	Methylation of Septin9 mediated by DNMT3a enhances hepatic stellate cells activation and liver fibrogenesis	2017	2018
liver	liver_cirrhosis	mus_musculus	Sirt3	64384	Gene	mRNA	hyperacetylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3b (gsk3b)	GSK3B	TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY	in vitro assay of sirt3 activity	no	"Ethanol caused dose and time-dependent increase in acetylation of histone h3 at lys9, but not at lys14 or lys18. Compared with hepatocytes the ac-h3-lys9 in hscs required longer ethanol exposure. Levels of me-h3-lys9 seemed to remain unaltered. Thus increase in ac-h3-lys9 represents a nuclear-chromatin modification event in hscs exposed to ethanol."	26667039	SIRT3 Blocks Aging-Associated Tissue Fibrosis in Mice by Deacetylating and Activating Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3B	2015	2015
liver	liver_cirrhosis	mus_musculus	Socs1	12703	Gene	mRNA	socs1 methylation	SOCS1	TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY	RT-PCR;  immunohistostaining etc.	no	Genetic and pharmacologic disruptions of mecp2 or ezh2 reduced the fibrogenic characteristics of myofibroblasts and attenuated fibrogenesis.	15197228	SOCS1 is a suppressor of liver fibrosis and hepatitis-induced carcinogenesis	2004	2020
liver	liver_cirrhosis	mus_musculus	Cftr	12638	Gene	mRNA	histone deacetylase	CFTR	WNT SIGNALING PATHWAY	miRNA microarray chip detection; immunoblotting;  etc.	no	Hdac2 may play a pivotal role in hscs activation and liver fibrosis while deregulation of hdacs may serve as a novel mechanism underlying liver fibrosis.	17848139	The epigenetic signature of CFTR expression is co-ordinated via chromatin acetylation through a complex intronic element	2007	2017
liver	liver_cirrhosis	mus_musculus	CEBPA	1050	Gene	mRNA	sumoylation	C; EBPA	NA	dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay; qRT-PCR; miRNA microarray chip detection etc.	no	Interaction between hdac3 and sumoylated c;Ebp alpha lxr alpha express negative regulation.	23639777	HDAC3 interacts with sumoylated C/EBPa to negatively regulate the LXRa expression in rat hepatocytes	2013	2019
liver	liver_cirrhosis	mus_musculus	Hgf	15234	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	NA	NA	enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; immunohistochemistry etc.	no	Jmjd1a as a novel epigenetic regulator that modulates hsc activation and liver fibrosis through targeting ppary gene expression.	25380300	Mutant MMP-9 and HGF gene transfer enhance resolution of CCl4-induced liver fibrosis in rats: role of ASH1 and EZH2 methyltransferases repression	2014	2019
liver	liver_diseases_alcoholic	mus_musculus	Dnmt3b	13436	Gene	mRNA	dysregulation	NA	NA	RT-PCR; immunohistochemical; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay etc.	no	"Mecp2 silencing of h19 can alter the igf1r overexpression, thus contributing to hscs proliferation."	22841474	Epigenetic regulation of miR-34a expression in alcoholic liver injury	2012	2021
liver	liver_cirrhosis	mus_musculus	ctgf	100194970	Gene	mRNA	dysregulation	CCN2 4'-UTR	NA	RT-PCR; immunohistochemical; dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase reporter assay etc.	no	Mkl1 deficiency ameliorated bdl-induced liver fibrosis in mice as assessed by histological stainings and expression levels of pro-fibrogenic genes.	24122827	Epigenetic regulation of connective tissue growth factor by MicroRNA-214 delivery in exosomes from mouse or human hepatic stellate cells	2014	2016
liver	liver_cirrhosis	mus_musculus	Dnmt1	13433	Gene	mRNA	dna methylation	NA	TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY	immunofluorescence; qRT-PCR;  etc.	no	Mrtf-a dependent histone h3k4 methylation to hsc activation.	24211420	Repression of Smad7 mediated by DNMT1 determines hepatic stellate cell activation and liver fibrosis in rats	2014	2019
liver	liver_cirrhosis	mus_musculus	Rasal1	19415	Gene	mRNA	rasal1 hypermethylation	RASAL1	RAS SIGNALING PATHWAY	MTT cell viability assay; RT-PCR etc.	no	Mrtf-a regulates liver fibrosis by epigenetically tuning the tgf-b signaling pathway in hscs.	22056649	MeCP2 controls the expression of RASAL1 in the hepatic fibrosis in rats	2011	2018
liver	liver_cirrhosis	mus_musculus	Nfkbia	18035	Gene	mRNA	dna methylation;mecp2	NA	NA	immunoblotting; qRT-PCR etc.	no	"Recombinant ctsh could break down hdac4 in the transfected cells and in vitro at acidic ph. In human cirrhotic liver, activated hscs express high levels of class iia hdacs but little ctsh."	16763620	Regulation of myofibroblast transdifferentiation by DNA methylation and MeCP2: implications for wound healing and fibrogenesis	2007	2019
liver	liver_cirrhosis	mus_musculus	H2az1	51788	Gene	mRNA	dna methylation	H2A	NA	miRNA microarray chip detection; reconstitution of nucleosomes by salt dialysis; immunostaining etc.	no	"Reveals a new cross histone crosstalk, including h2a ubiquitin change control of h3k4 methylation and methylation, lead to the regulation of transcription initiation."	18172164	Deubiquitylation of histone H2A activates transcriptional initiation via trans-histone cross-talk with H3K4 di- and trimethylation	2008	2019
liver	non-alcoholic_fatty_liver_disease	mus_musculus	Ppp1cc	19047	Gene	mRNA	phosphatase pp1c	PP1C	PHOSPHO-EIF-2A KINASE-MEDIATED STRESS	hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp studies; immunoprecipitation; immunoblot etc.	no	Sirt2;Erk;C-myc axis in promoting hepatic fibrogenesis. Inhibition of the sirt2;Erk;C-myc axis represents a novel strategy to prevent and to potentially treat liver fibrosis and cirrhosis.	25888330	"Hepatocyte Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate Reduced Oxidase 4 Regulates Stress Signaling, Fibrosis, and Insulin Sensitivity During Development of Steatohepatitis in Mice"	2015	2020
liver	liver_cirrhosis	mus_musculus	Sirt2	64383	Gene	mRNA	histone deacetylase	SIRT2	NA	qRT-PCR; immunofluorescence;  etc.	no	"Sumoylation of nrf2 and mafg enhances heterodimerization and increases gclc expression, which keeps hscs in a quiescent state. Antifibrotic agents require activation of gclc to fully exert their protective effect."	27125275	Inhibition of SIRT2 suppresses hepatic fibrosis	2016	2019
liver	liver_cirrhosis	mus_musculus	Creb1	12912	Gene	mRNA	creb-1 phosphorylation	NA	TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY	qRT-PCR;  immunofluorescence etc.	no	"The increase in opn induces hmgb1, which acts as a downstream alarmin driving collagen-i synthesis in hscs."	27840939	Post translational modification of creb-1 decreases collagen I expression by inhibiting the TGF B1 signaling pathway in rat hepatic stellate cells	2016	2020
liver	liver_cirrhosis	mus_musculus	Pparg	25664	Gene	mRNA	histone methylation	NA	MECP2; EZH2; MIR132	miRNA microarray chip detection; q-PCR; RT-PCR etc.	no	"The reduction in h3k9me3 was accompanied by increased expression of long interspersed nucleotide elements 1 and short interspersed nucleotide elements b2, which is an indication of genomic instability."	19843474	MeCP2 controls an epigenetic pathway that promotes myofibroblast transdifferentiation and fibrosis	2010	2017
lung	pulmonary_hypertension	mus_musculus	Pdcd4	18569	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	NA	NA	qRT-PCR;  Immunohistochemistry etc.	no	A microRNA-21-responsive PDCD4/caspase-3 pathway is existed in the pulmonary tissues that when active serves to promote endothelial apoptosis in vitro and PH in vivo. Direct PDCD4 knockout in mice (PDCD4(-/-) mice) potently blocked pulmonary caspase-3 activation and the development of chronic hypoxia.	24732886	Endothelial apoptosis in pulmonary hypertension is controlled by a microRNA/programmed cell death 4/caspase-3 axis	2014	2017
lung	pulmonary_hypertension	mus_musculus	Igf1	16000	Gene	mRNA	dna methylation	NA	IGF-1/PAKT signaling pathway	In vitro IGF-1 and inhibitor treatments; qRT-PCR;  etc.	no	"After exposure to hypoxia, IGF-1 signaling is activated in pulmonary endothelial and smooth muscle cells in vitro, and the IGF-1 downstream signal pAKT(S473) is upregulated in lungs of neonatal mice. IGF-1 regulates ET-1 expression in pulmonary endothelial cells and that IGF-1 expression is regulated by histone deacetylases (HDACs). In addition, there is a differential cytosine methylation site in the IGF-1 promoter region in response to neonatal hypoxia. Moreover, inhibition of HDACs with apicidin decreases neonatal hypoxia-induced global DNA methylation levels in lungs and specific cytosine methylation levels around the pulmonary IGF-1 promoter region. Finally, HDAC inhibition with apicidin reduces chronic hypoxia-induced activation of IGF-1/pAKT signaling in lungs and attenuates right ventricular hypertrophy and pulmonary vascular remodeling. Taken together, we conclude that IGF-1, which is epigenetically regulated, is involved in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension in neonatal mice."	25921925	IGF-1 signaling in neonatal hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension: Role of epigenetic regulation	2015	2017
lung	pulmonary_hypertension	mus_musculus	Bmpr2	12168	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	Animal experiments; Antagomir design etc.	no	AntagomiR-20a restores functional levels of BMPR2 in pulmonary arteries and prevents the development of vascular remodelling in an in vivo model for pulmonary hypertension.	22450430	AntagomiR directed against miR-20a restores functional BMPR2 signalling and prevents vascular remodelling in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension	2014	2017
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Bmper	73230	Gene	mRNA	dna methylation	NA	TGF-B/BMP signaling pathway	 Dual-luciferase reporter assay; ELISA etc.	no	"BMPER is highly expressed in human IPF lung fibroblasts compared to normal lung fibroblasts. Demethylation agent 5'-azacytidine decreased BMPER expression in fibroblasts, and attenuated the invasion and migration of IPF lung fibroblasts."	26442443	Methylation-mediated BMPER expression in fibroblast activation in vitro and lung fibrosis in mice in vivo	2015	2017
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Cav1	12389	Gene	mRNA	histone hypomethylation	NA	NA	qRT-PCR; Immunoblot; MSP etc.	no	"Cav-1 gene silencing in lung fibroblasts is actively regulated by epigenetic mechanisms that involve histone modifications, in particular H3 lysine 4 trimethylation, whereas DNA methylation does not appear to be a primary mechanism."	27560128	Epigenetic Regulation of Caveolin-1 Gene Expression in Lung Fibroblasts	2016	2017
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Dnmt1	13433	Gene	mRNA	dysregulation	NA	NA	qRT-PCR; Examination of DNA methylation patterns; Dual-luciferase reporter assay etc.	no	"Compared with control samples, miR-17~92 expression was reduced in lung biopsies and lung fibroblasts from patients with IPF, whereas DNMT-1 expression and methylation of the miR-17~92 promoter was increased. Several miRNAs from the miR-17~92 cluster targeted DNMT-1 expression resulting in a negative feedback loop. Similarly, miR-17~92 expression was reduced in the lungs of bleomycin-treated mice. Treatment with 5'-aza-2'-deoxycytidine in a murine bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis model reduced fibrotic gene and DNMT-1 expression, enhanced miR-17~92 cluster expression, and attenuated pulmonary fibrosis."	23306545	Epigenetic regulation of miR-17~92 contributes to the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis	2013	2017
lung	pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Sftpc	20389	Gene	mRNA	histone acetylation	NA	NA	qRT-PCR;  Immunohistochemistry etc.	no	Decreased expression of SFTPC by TGF-B1 treatment was restored by TSA via hyperacetylation of histone H4 in the promoter region. TSA partially attenuated pulmonary fibrosis and increased Sftpc mRNA in ATII.	26151196	Histone deacetylase inhibitor restores surfactant protein-C expression in alveolar-epithelial type II cells and attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in vivo	2015	2017
lung	pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Il6	16193	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	Il-6	NA	qRT-PCR;  ELISA etc.	no	Down-regulation of miR-149 and up-regulation of IL-6 might be involved in the progression of silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis; MiR-149 could negatively regulate IL-6 expression.	24641842	Regulatory effect of miR-149 on interleukin-6 expression in silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis	2014	2017
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Smad3	17127	Gene	mRNA	histone hyperacetylation	NA	NA	 Immunofluorescence; qRT-PCR etc.	no	ERK5 regulates TGF-B1-induced fibrogenic signaling via Smad3 acetylation.	24095924	ERK5 inhibition ameliorates pulmonary fibrosis via regulating Smad3 acetylation	2013	2017
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Mapk7	23939	Gene	mRNA	histone hyperacetylation	NA	NA	 Immunofluorescence; qRT-PCR etc.	no	ERK5 regulates TGF-B1-induced fibrogenic signaling via Smad3 acetylation.	24095924	ERK5 inhibition ameliorates pulmonary fibrosis via regulating Smad3 acetylation	2013	2017
lung	pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Tsc1	64930	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	NA	NA	Immunohistochemistry; Immunofluorescence;  etc.	no	"Expression of TSC1 and TSC2 in fibrotic mice lung was reduced and in HELF cells with TGF-B1stimulation. In addition, overexpression of TSC1 or TSC2 decreased cell proliferation and differentiation. Reduced expression of TSC1 and TSC2 caused by TGF-B1 is associated with the promoter methylation status of TSC1 and TSC2. Expression of TSC1 and TSC2 can be repressed by MeCP2, which regulates HELF cell differentiation and proliferation as myofibroblasts and lead to PF."	28041914	Repression of TSC1/TSC2 mediated by MeCP2 regulates human embryo lung fibroblast cell differentiation and proliferation	2016	2016
lung	pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Tsc2	22084	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	NA	NA	Immunohistochemistry; Immunofluorescence;  etc.	no	"Expression of TSC1 and TSC2 in fibrotic mice lung was reduced and in HELF cells with TGF-B1stimulation. In addition, overexpression of TSC1 or TSC2 decreased cell proliferation and differentiation. Reduced expression of TSC1 and TSC2 caused by TGF-B1 is associated with the promoter methylation status of TSC1 and TSC2. Expression of TSC1 and TSC2 can be repressed by MeCP2, which regulates HELF cell differentiation and proliferation as myofibroblasts and lead to PF."	28041914	Repression of TSC1/TSC2 mediated by MeCP2 regulates human embryo lung fibroblast cell differentiation and proliferation	2016	2016
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Ezh2	14056	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	qRT-PCR;  Immunohistochemistry etc.	no	EZH2 was upregulated in the lungs of patients with IPF and in mice with bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis. EZH2 induces the differentiation of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts by enhancing Smad2/3 nuclear translocation.	27582065	EZH2 enhances the differentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis	2016	2016
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Col1a1	12842	Gene	mRNA	dysregulation	Col1a1	NA	qRT-PCR;  Dual-luciferase reporter assay etc.	no	"H19 play a promotive role in bleomycin-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition of alveolar epithelial cell through miR-29b regulation. H19 expression was positively correlated with COL1A1 and Acta2 expression; H19 knockdown inhibited COL1A1 and Acta2 expression. Moreover, H19 interacted with miR-29b through directly binding to the 3'UTR; MiR-29b inhibited COL1A1 expression by directly binding to the 3'UTR. In conclusion, we revealed the promotive effect of H19 on BLM-induced IPF, and demonstrated the mechanism by which H19/miR-29b interaction exerts its effect on regulating pulmonary fibrosis."	27613097	The effect of H19-miR-29b interaction on bleomycin-induced mouse model of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis	2016	2016
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Asic2	11418	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	Tgf-beta1; Ets1	NA	In Silico Identification of miRNA Binding Sites;  Measurement of Cytokines and Collagen Content etc.	no	"Hsa-miR-326 regulates TGF-B1 expression and that hsa-miR-326 levels are inversely correlated to TGF-B1 protein levels in multiple human cell lines.MiR-326 was found to down-regulate profibrotic genes, such as Ets1, Smad3, and matrix metalloproteinase 9, whereas it up-regulates antifibrotic genes, such as Smad7."	24279830	MicroRNA-326 Regulates Profibrotic Functions of Transforming Growth Factor-B in Pulmonary Fibrosis	2014	2016
lung	pulmonary_hypertension	mus_musculus	Pdlim5	56376	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	Pdlim5?	NA	Isolation of Mouse PASMC; Lentivirus-based miR-17?92 Overexpression in HPASMC; PDLIM5 3'-Untranslated Region Luciferase Reporter Assay	no	"Human PASMC (HPASMC) from patients with PAH expressed decreased levels of the miR-17 92 cluster, TGF-B, and SMC markers.  Knockdown of Smad3 but not Smad2 prevented miR-17 92-induced expression of SMC markers. SMC-specific knockout of miR-17 92 attenuated hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (PH) in mice, whereas reconstitution of miR-17 92 restored hypoxia-induced PH in these mice. PDLIM5 is a direct target of miR-17/20a, and hypertensive HPASMC and mouse PASMC expressed elevated PDLIM5 levels. Suppression of PDLIM5 increased expression of SMC markers and enhanced TGF-B/Smad2/3 activity in vitro and enhanced hypoxia-induced PH in vivo, whereas overexpression of PDLIM5 attenuated hypoxia-induced PH."	25647182	Loss of MicroRNA-17 92 in Smooth Muscle Cells Attenuates Experimental Pulmonary Hypertension via Induction of PDZ and LIM Domain 5	2015	2016
lung	pulmonary_hypertension	mus_musculus	Bmpr2	12168	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	Network-based analyses; Right heart catheterization and physiological measurements etc.	no	"Hypoxia and BMP receptor type 2 signaling independently upregulate miR-21 in cultured pulmonary arterial endothelial cells. In a reciprocal feedback loop, miR-21 downregulates BMP receptor type 2 expression. Furthermore, miR-21 directly represses RhoB expression and Rho-kinase activity, inducing molecular changes consistent with decreased angiogenesis and vasodilation. In vivo, miR-21 is upregulated in pulmonary tissue from several rodent models of PH and in humans with PH. On induction of disease in miR-21-null mice, RhoB expression and Rho-kinase activity are increased, accompanied by exaggerated manifestations of PH."	22371328	MicroRNA-21 integrates pathogenic signaling to control pulmonary hypertension: results of a network bioinformatics approach	2012	2016
lung	pulmonary_hypertension	mus_musculus	Ddah1	69219	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	Ddah1	NA	qRT-PCR;  Dual-luciferase reporter assay etc.	no	"Hypoxia inhibited DDAH1 and DDAH2 expression and increased ADMA levels in cultured human pulmonary endothelial cells. In contrast, in human pulmonary smooth muscle cells, only DDAH2 was reduced whereas ADMA levels remained unchanged. Endothelium-specific down-regulation of DDAH1 by miR-21 in hypoxia induced endothelial dysfunction and was prevented by overexpression of DDAH1 and miR-21 blockade. DDAH1, but not DDAH2, mRNA levels were reduced, whereas miR-21 levels were elevated in lung tissues from patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension and mice with pulmonary hypertension exposed to 2 weeks of hypoxia."	24895913	MiR-21/DDAH1 pathway regulates pulmonary vascular responses to hypoxia	2014	2016
lung	cystic_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Cav1	12389	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	Cav1	AKT/MIR-199A-5P/CAV1 signaling pathway	In vivo experiment and BAL fluid collection and analysis; qRT-PCR;  etc.	no	"In CF macrophage, activated PI3K/AKT pathway increase miR-199a-3p expression, reduce expression of CAV1, leading to increased TLR4 signaling and inflammation. Celecoxib re-establishes the AKT/miR-199a-5p/CAV1 axis in CF macrophages, and ameliorates lung hyper-inflammation in Cftr-deficient mice."	25665524	Pharmacological modulation of the AKT/microRNA-199a-5p/CAV1 pathway ameliorates cystic fibrosis lung hyper-inflammation	2015	2016
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Ptgs2	19225	Gene	mRNA	histone hyperacetylation	NA	NA	qRT-PCR;  Immunofluorescence etc.	no	"In DADS-treatedlung fibroblasts, upregulated expression of COX-2 was a result of increased level of histone 3 acetylation at COX-2 locus, which lead to inhibition of proliferation and transdifferentiation of lung fibroblasts."	24756243	Diallyl disulfide inhibits proliferation and transdifferentiation of lung fibroblasts through induction of cyclooxygenase and synthesis of prostaglandin E 	2014	2016
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Col3a1	12825	Gene	mRNA	histone hyperacetylation	NA	NA	qRT-PCR; Immunofluorescence; Immunohistochemistry etc.	no	"In fibrotic lung fibroblasts, reduced expression of COL3A1 by SAHA is with increased association of the repressive chromatin marker, H3K27Me3, and decreased association of the active chromatin marker, H3K9Ac. HDACi SAHA alters the chromatin associated with COL3A1, resulting in its decreased expression."	24084714	Histone Deacetylase Inhibition Downregulates Collagen 3A1 in Fibrotic Lung Fibroblasts	2013	2016
lung	pulmonary_hypertension	mus_musculus	Pparg	25664	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	Dual-luciferase reporter assay; qRT-PCR;  etc.	no	"In hypoxia-induced PAH,miR-27a and ET-1 are increased, whereas PPARY is reduced. PPARY ligand rosiglitazone (RSG, 10 mg/kg/d) treatment could inhibit miR-27a expression.Overexpression of miR-27a or PPARY knockdown increased HPAEC proliferation and ET-1 expression and decreased PPARY levels. MiR-27a levels were upregulated in lungs from endothelial-targeted PPARY knockout (ePPARY KO) mice. Knockdown of either SP1 or EGR1 was sufficient to significantly attenuate miR-27a expression in HPAECs. Collectively, these studies provide novel evidence that miR-27a and PPARY mediate mutually repressive actions in hypoxic pulmonary vasculature and that targeting PPARY may represent a novel therapeutic approach in PH to attenuate proliferative mediators that stimulate proliferation of pulmonary vascular cells."	24244514	Hypoxia mediates mutual repression between microRNA-27a and PPARY in the pulmonary vasculature	2013	2016
lung	silicosis	mus_musculus	Smad3	17127	Gene	mRNA	dysregulation	Myd88; Smad3	NA	qRT-PCR;  Dual-luciferase reporter assay etc.	no	"Levels were reduced in both macrophages that were exposed to silica and fibroblasts that were exposed to TGF-B1. MiR-489 inhibited silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis primarily by repressing its target genes MyD88 and Smad3. Moreover, the up-regulated lncRNA cardiac hypertrophy-related factor (CHRF) reversed the inhibitory effect of miR-489 on MyD88 and Smad3 and then triggered the inflammation and fibrotic signaling pathways."	27506999	MiR-489 inhibits silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis by targeting MyD88 and Smad3 and is negatively regulated by lncRNA CHRF	2016	2016
lung	silicosis	mus_musculus	Myd88	17874	Gene	mRNA	dysregulation	Myd88; Smad3	NA	qRT-PCR;  Dual-luciferase reporter assay etc.	no	"Levels were reduced in both macrophages that were exposed to silica and fibroblasts that were exposed to TGF-B1. MiR-489 inhibited silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis primarily by repressing its target genes MyD88 and Smad3. Moreover, the up-regulated lncRNA cardiac hypertrophy-related factor (CHRF) reversed the inhibitory effect of miR-489 on MyD88 and Smad3 and then triggered the inflammation and fibrotic signaling pathways."	27506999	MiR-489 inhibits silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis by targeting MyD88 and Smad3 and is negatively regulated by lncRNA CHRF	2016	2016
lung	respiratory_distress_syndrome_acute	mus_musculus	Thy1	21838	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	NA	NA	BAL; qRT-PCR;  etc.	no	LincRNA-p21 expression was time-dependently increased and Thy-1 expression was time-dependently reduced in a mouse model of ARDS and in LPS-treated lung fibroblasts. LincRNA-p21 overexpression dramatically inhibited acetylation of H3 and H4 at the Thy-1 promoter and Thy-1 expression levels in HLF1 cells.LincRNA-p21 interference rescued LPS-induced increase of lung and BAL collagen contents. LincRNA-p21 could lead to pulmonary fibrosis in ARDS by inhibition of the expression of Thy-1.	27392907	Lipopolysaccharide promotes pulmonary fibrosis in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) via lincRNA-p21 induced inhibition of Thy-1 expression	2016	2016
lung	respiratory_distress_syndrome_acute	mus_musculus	Thy1	21838	Gene	mRNA	histone deacetylation	NA	NA	BAL; qRT-PCR;  etc.	no	LincRNA-p21 expression was time-dependently increased and Thy-1 expression was time-dependently reduced in a mouse model of ARDS and in LPS-treated lung fibroblasts. LincRNA-p21 overexpression dramatically inhibited acetylation of H3 and H4 at the Thy-1 promoter and Thy-1 expression levels in HLF1 cells.LincRNA-p21 interference rescued LPS-induced increase of lung and BAL collagen contents. LincRNA-p21 could lead to pulmonary fibrosis in ARDS by inhibition of the expression of Thy-1.	27392907	Lipopolysaccharide promotes pulmonary fibrosis in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) via lincRNA-p21 induced inhibition of Thy-1 expression	2016	2016
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Olr1	108078	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	Nlrp3	NA	Dual-luciferase reporter assay; qRT-PCR;  etc.	no	"Mechanistically, Let-7 was able to regulate the expression of lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX1) through binding to its 3'-UTR region. Forced expression of LOX1 promoted the expression of apoptosis-related protein and mtDNA damage markers via regulating NLRP3 which was also confirmed in BLM model mice under the combination therapy of the exosome and Let-7 inhibitor. Collectively, this study demonstrates that exosomal Let-7 from MenSCs remits pulmonary fibrosis through regulating ROS, mtDNA damage, and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. This provides a new approach of exocytosis on the treatment of fibrotic lung disease."	31949877	Exosomal miRNA Let-7 from Menstrual Blood-Derived Endometrial Stem Cells Alleviates Pulmonary Fibrosis through Regulating Mitochondrial DNA Damage	2019	2016
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Nlrp3	216799	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	NA	NA	Dual-luciferase reporter assay; qRT-PCR;  etc.	no	"Mechanistically, Let-7 was able to regulate the expression of lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX1) through binding to its 3'-UTR region. Forced expression of LOX1 promoted the expression of apoptosis-related protein and mtDNA damage markers via regulating NLRP3 which was also confirmed in BLM model mice under the combination therapy of the exosome and Let-7 inhibitor. Collectively, this study demonstrates that exosomal Let-7 from MenSCs remits pulmonary fibrosis through regulating ROS, mtDNA damage, and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. This provides a new approach of exocytosis on the treatment of fibrotic lung disease."	31949877	Exosomal miRNA Let-7 from Menstrual Blood-Derived Endometrial Stem Cells Alleviates Pulmonary Fibrosis through Regulating Mitochondrial DNA Damage	2019	2016
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Foxo3	56484	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	Foxo3a	NA	Mouse Lung Fibrosis Model; Human Lung Samples; Statistical Analysis etc.	no	"MicroRNA-29c (MiR-29c) expression is lower in AEC2s of individuals with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) than healthy lungs. Epithelial cells overexpressing miR-29c show higher proliferative rate and viability. MiR-29c protects epithelial cells from apoptosis by targeting Foxo3a. Both overexpression of miR-29c conventionally and AEC2s specifically leads to less fibrosis and better recovery in vivo. MiR-29c maintains epithelial integrity and promotes recovery from lung injury, thereby attenuating lung fibrosis in mice."	28799781	MicroRNA-29c Prevents Pulmonary Fibrosis by Regulating Epithelial Cell Renewal and Apoptosis	2017	2016
lung	pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Taz	66825	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	Collection and Analysis of Expression Array Data; In situ hybridization etc.	no	"MiR-130/301 expression correlates with activation of YAP/TAZ, the PPARY-APOE-LRP8 axis, and matrix stiffening in pulmonary fibrosis and liver fibrosis. Forced miR-130/301 expression activates ECM remodeling and liver fibrosis in mice. Inhibition of the miR-130/301 family prevents ECM remodeling and disease progression in mouse models of pulmonary fibrosis and liver fibrosis. Mechanical forces act through a central feedback circuit between microRNA-130/301 and YAP/TAZ to sustain a common fibrotic phenotype across a network of human physiologic and pathophysiologic states."	26667495	A YAP/TAZ-miR-130/301 molecular circuit exerts systems-level control of fibrosis in a network of human diseases and physiologic conditions	2015	2016
lung	pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Yap1	22601	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	Collection and Analysis of Expression Array Data; In situ hybridization etc.	no	"MiR-130/301 expression correlates with activation of YAP/TAZ, the PPARY-APOE-LRP8 axis, and matrix stiffening in pulmonary fibrosis and liver fibrosis. Forced miR-130/301 expression activates ECM remodeling and liver fibrosis in mice. Inhibition of the miR-130/301 family prevents ECM remodeling and disease progression in mouse models of pulmonary fibrosis and liver fibrosis. Mechanical forces act through a central feedback circuit between microRNA-130/301 and YAP/TAZ to sustain a common fibrotic phenotype across a network of human physiologic and pathophysiologic states."	26667495	A YAP/TAZ-miR-130/301 molecular circuit exerts systems-level control of fibrosis in a network of human diseases and physiologic conditions	2015	2016
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Tgfbr2	21813	Gene	mRNA	dysregulation	Tgfbr2	NA	Dual-luciferase reporter assay; qRT-PCR;   etc.	no	MiR-153 expression was dysregulated in the lungs of mice with experimental pulmonary fibrosis and TGF-B1 decreased miR-153 expression in pulmonary fibroblasts. MiR-153 disturbs TGF-B1 signal transduction and its effects on fibroblast activation by post-transcriptional regulation of the expression of TGFBR2.	26216407	The anti-fibrotic effects of microRNA-153 by targeting TGFBR-2 in pulmonary fibrosis	2015	2016
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Nr1h3	22259	Gene	mRNA	dysregulation	Lxra	NA	qRT-PCR;  Oxysterol assay etc.	no	"MiR-155-/- mice developed exacerbated lung fibrosis, increased collagen deposition, collagen 1 and 3 mRNA expression, TGF-B production, and activation of alternatively activated macrophages, contributed by deregulation of the miR-155 target gene the liver X receptor (LXR)a in lung fibroblasts and macrophages.LXRa can increase the expression of Arginase 2, TGF-B, promote collagen production and IPF progression."	27746237	The role of microRNA-155/liver X receptor pathway in experimental and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis	2016	2016
lung	pulmonary_hypertension	mus_musculus	Cdkn1a	12575	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	P21	NA	Immunohistochemistry; qRT-PCR;  etc.	no	MiR-17 antagomir A-17 improves heart and lung function in experimental PH by interfering with lung vascular and right ventricular remodeling. The beneficial effects may be related to the up-regulation of p21.	22161164	Inhibition of microRNA-17 improves lung and heart function in experimental pulmonary hypertension	2012	2016
lung	pulmonary_hypertension	mus_musculus	Notch3	18131	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	Notch3	NA	Transfection of hPASMCs; qRT-PCR;  etc.	no	"MiR-206 expression is reduced in hypoxia-induced PAH, correlated with an increase in right ventricular systolic pressure. Reduction of miR-206 levels in hPASMCs causes increased proliferation and reduced apoptosis and these effects were reversed by the overexpression of miR-206. MiR-206 overexpression down regulated Notch-3 expression."	23071643	Mir-206 regulates pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation and differentiation	2012	2019
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Smad7	17131	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	Smad7	NA	Northern Blot; qRT-PCR; Dual-luciferase reporter assay etc.	no	"MiR-21 is up-regulated in the lungs of mice with bleomycin-induced fibrosis and also in the lungs of patients with IPF, and was primarily localized to myofibroblasts. Administration of miR-21 antisense probes diminished the severity of experimental lung fibrosis in mice, even when treatment was started 5-7 d after initiation of pulmonary injury. TGF-Beta1 enhanced miR-21 expression in primary pulmonary fibroblasts. Increasing miR-21 levels promoted, whereas knocking down miR-21 attenuated, the pro-fibrogenic activity of TGF-Beta1 in fibroblasts. A potential mechanism for the role of miR-21 in fibrosis is through regulating the expression of an inhibitory Smad, Smad7."	20643828	MiR-21 mediates fibrogenic activation of pulmonary fibroblasts and lung fibrosis	2010	2019
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Smad2	17126	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	Tbr1; Smad2	TGF-B signaling pathway	qRT-PCR; Dual-luciferase reporter assay;  etc.	no	MiR-27b was down-regulated in fibrotic lungs and fibroblasts from an experimental mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis. MiR-27b is an anti-fibrotic microRNA that inhibits fibroblast activation by targeting TGFB receptor 1 and SMAD2.	28095798	MiR-27b inhibits fibroblast activation via targeting TGFB signaling pathway	2016	2020
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Tgfbr1	21812	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	Tbr1; Smad2	TGF-B signaling pathway	qRT-PCR; Dual-luciferase reporter assay;  etc.	no	MiR-27b was down-regulated in fibrotic lungs and fibroblasts from an experimental mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis. MiR-27b is an anti-fibrotic microRNA that inhibits fibroblast activation by targeting TGFB receptor 1 and SMAD2.	28095798	MiR-27b inhibits fibroblast activation via targeting TGFB signaling pathway	2016	2019
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Dnm1l	74006	Gene	mRNA	hydroxymethylation	Tet1	NA	qRT-PCR; Dual-luciferase reporter assay; Masson's trichrome staining etc.	no	MiR-30a could inhibit TET1 expression through base pairing with complementary sites in the 3'untranslated region to inhibit Drp-1 promoter hydroxymethylation and therefore inhibiting pulmonary fibrosis.	28294974	MiR-30a as Potential Therapeutics by Targeting TET1 through Regulation of Drp-1 Promoter Hydroxymethylation in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis	2017	2017
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Tet1	52463	Gene	mRNA	hydroxymethylation	Tet1	NA	qRT-PCR; Dual-luciferase reporter assay; Masson's trichrome staining etc.	no	MiR-30a could inhibit TET1 expression through base pairing with complementary sites in the 3'untranslated region to inhibit Drp-1 promoter hydroxymethylation and therefore inhibiting pulmonary fibrosis.	28294974	MiR-30a as Potential Therapeutics by Targeting TET1 through Regulation of Drp-1 Promoter Hydroxymethylation in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis	2017	2006
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Tgfa	21802	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	Smad2; Tgfa	NA	 Dual-luciferase reporter assay; PCR etc.	no	"MiR-323a-3p is downregulated in the epithelium of lungs with bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) after lung transplantation, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and murine bleomycin-induced fibrosis. MiR-323a-3p attenuates TGF-a and TGF-B signaling by directly targeting SMAD2 and TGFA. Moreover, miR-323a-3p lowers caspase-3 expression, thereby limiting programmed cell death from inducers of apoptosis and ER stress. Epithelial expression of miR-323a-3p modulates inhibitory crosstalk with fibroblasts. Downregulated expression of miR-323a-3p  by the lung epithelium releases inhibition of various profibrotic pathways to promote fibroproliferation."	27942594	MiR-323a-3p regulates lung fibrosis by targeting multiple profibrotic pathways	2016	2016
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Smad2	17126	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	Smad2; Tgfa	NA	 Dual-luciferase reporter assay; PCR etc.	no	"MiR-323a-3p is downregulated in the epithelium of lungs with bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) after lung transplantation, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and murine bleomycin-induced fibrosis. MiR-323a-3p attenuates TGF-a and TGF-B signaling by directly targeting SMAD2 and TGFA. Moreover, miR-323a-3p lowers caspase-3 expression, thereby limiting programmed cell death from inducers of apoptosis and ER stress. Epithelial expression of miR-323a-3p modulates inhibitory crosstalk with fibroblasts. Downregulated expression of miR-323a-3p  by the lung epithelium releases inhibition of various profibrotic pathways to promote fibroproliferation."	27942594	MiR-323a-3p regulates lung fibrosis by targeting multiple profibrotic pathways	2016	2017
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Lpar1	14745	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	Lpa1; Smo	NA	qRT-PCR; Immunohistochemistry;  etc.	no	"MiR-338*(miR-338-5p), which has been found to be associated with tumor progression, was down-regulated in fibroblasts and TGF-B-induced lung fibrotic tissues.LPA1 was proven to be a downstream target of miR-338*. MiR-338* attenuates the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis through targeting LPA1. Thus, miR-338* can be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of IPF."	27508041	MiR-338* suppresses fibrotic pathogenesis in pulmonary fibrosis through targeting LPA1	2016	2017
lung	pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Bcl2	12043	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	Bcl2	NA	 Immunofluorescence; qRT-PCR etc.	no	MiR-449a expression was decreased in fibrotic lungs and activated fibroblasts. Autophagy was inhibited in fibrotic lung tissues and TGF-B1-treated fibroblasts. MiR-449a had an antifibrotic effect in silica-induced lung fibrosis. MiR-449a upregulated autophagic activity in vitro. Bcl2 is the autophagy-related target of miR-449a. TGF-B1 increase the expression of Bcl2 via the MAPK/ERK pathway.	27351886	MiR-449a regulates autophagy to inhibit silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis through targeting Bcl2	2016	2020
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Col1a1	12842	Gene	mRNA	interact with miRNA	Sgca; Hils1; Ppp1r9b; Samd14; Pdk2; Itga3	NA	qPCR; Knockdown etc.	no	"Moreover, H19 interacted with miR-29b through directly binding to the 3'UTR; miR-29b inhibited COL1A1 expression by directly binding to the 4'UTR."	27613097	The effect of H19-miR-29b interaction on bleomycin-induced mouse model of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis	2016	2019
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Acta2	11475	Gene	mRNA	interact with miRNA	Ankrd22; Stambpl1; Fas	NA	qPCR; Knockdown etc.	no	"Moreover, H19 interacted with miR-29b through directly binding to the 3'UTR; miR-29b inhibited COL1A1 expression by directly binding to the 5'UTR."	27613097	The effect of H19-miR-29b interaction on bleomycin-induced mouse model of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis	2016	2020
lung	pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Ifng	15978	Gene	mRNA	dysregulation	NA	NA	Masson's trichrome staining; LUMA; qRT-PCR etc.	no	"MWCNT lead to DNA hypomethylation in the lung and blood, which coincided with disease development. Alterations in gene-specific methylation correspond with an inflammatory response to MWCNT exposure. In addition, global DNA methylation in the lung and blood coincides with MWCNT-induced disease development, suggesting its potential as a biomarker of both exposure and disease development."	26375518	Alterations in DNA methylation corresponding with lung inflammation and as a biomarker for disease development after MWCNT exposure	2016	2016
lung	pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Tnf	21926	Gene	mRNA	dysregulation	NA	NA	Masson's trichrome staining; LUMA; qRT-PCR etc.	no	"MWCNT lead to DNA hypomethylation in the lung and blood, which coincided with disease development. Alterations in gene-specific methylation correspond with an inflammatory response to MWCNT exposure. In addition, global DNA methylation in the lung and blood coincides with MWCNT-induced disease development, suggesting its potential as a biomarker of both exposure and disease development."	26375518	Alterations in DNA methylation corresponding with lung inflammation and as a biomarker for disease development after MWCNT exposure	2016	2019
lung	pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Thy1	21838	Gene	mRNA	dysregulation	NA	NA	Masson's trichrome staining; LUMA; qRT-PCR etc.	no	"MWCNT lead to DNA hypomethylation in the lung and blood, which coincided with disease development. Alterations in gene-specific methylation correspond with an inflammatory response to MWCNT exposure. In addition, global DNA methylation in the lung and blood coincides with MWCNT-induced disease development, suggesting its potential as a biomarker of both exposure and disease development."	26375518	Alterations in DNA methylation corresponding with lung inflammation and as a biomarker for disease development after MWCNT exposure	2016	2019
lung	pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Id2	15902	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	Dual-luciferase reporter assay; Masson's trichrome staining; qRT-PCR etc.	no	Overexpression of Id2 in primary AECs promotes proliferation by inhibiting a retinoblastoma protein/c-Abl interaction leading to greater c-Abl activity. Id2 also blocks transforming growth factor B1-mediated expression of type I collagen by inhibiting Twist. Histone deacetylase inhibitors induce Id2 expression by adult AECs.	25661109	Overexpression of inhibitor of DNA-binding 2 attenuates pulmonary fibrosis through regulation of c-Abl and Twist	2015	2017
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Sirt1	93759	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	Sirt1	NA	 Immunohistochemistry; H&E etc.	no	"P53 and apoptosis is induced with suppression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and the uPA receptor in AECs from the lungs of IPF patients and in mice with lung injury. Treatment with the caveolin-1 scaffolding domain peptide (CSP) reversed these effects. AECs from IPF lungs or mice with diverse types of lung injuries showed increased p53 acetylation and miR-34a expression with reduction in Sirt1. Bleomycin failed to induce miR-34a in p53- or plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1)-deficient mice. CSP-mediated inhibition of miR-34a restored Sirt1, suppressed p53 acetylation and apoptosis in injured AECs, and prevented pulmonary fibrosis (PF). AEC-specific suppression of miR-34a inhibited bleomycin-induced p53, PAI-1, and apoptosis and prevented PF, whereas overexpression of precursor-miR-34a increased p53, PAI-1, and apoptosis in AECs of mice unexposed to bleomycin. P53 and miR-34a Feedback Promotes Lung Epithelial Injury and Pulmonary Fibrosis."	28273432	P53 and miR-34a Feedback Promotes Lung Epithelial Injury and Pulmonary Fibrosis	2017	2017
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Trp53	22059	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	Sirt1	NA	 Immunohistochemistry; H&E etc.	no	"P53 and apoptosis is induced with suppression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and the uPA receptor in AECs from the lungs of IPF patients and in mice with lung injury. Treatment with the caveolin-1 scaffolding domain peptide (CSP) reversed these effects. AECs from IPF lungs or mice with diverse types of lung injuries showed increased p53 acetylation and miR-34a expression with reduction in Sirt1. Bleomycin failed to induce miR-34a in p53- or plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1)-deficient mice. CSP-mediated inhibition of miR-34a restored Sirt1, suppressed p53 acetylation and apoptosis in injured AECs, and prevented pulmonary fibrosis (PF). AEC-specific suppression of miR-34a inhibited bleomycin-induced p53, PAI-1, and apoptosis and prevented PF, whereas overexpression of precursor-miR-34a increased p53, PAI-1, and apoptosis in AECs of mice unexposed to bleomycin. P53 and miR-34a Feedback Promotes Lung Epithelial Injury and Pulmonary Fibrosis."	28273432	P53 and miR-34a Feedback Promotes Lung Epithelial Injury and Pulmonary Fibrosis	2017	2014
lung	pulmonary_hypertension	mus_musculus	Hif1a	15251	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	Hif-1a	NA	Dual-luciferase reporter assay; qRT-PCR;  etc.	no	"Placenta growth factor(PlGF) treatment of endothelial cells resulted in reduced levels of miR-199a2, which targeted the 3'-UTR of HIF-1a mRNA and concomitantly led to augmented ET-1 expression. Fenofibrate, a PPARa agonist, increased the expression of miR-199a2, which was responsible for reduced expression of HIF-1a and ET-1. In vivo studies of fenofibrate-fed Berkeley sickle mice resulted in increased levels of miR-199a2 and reduced levels of ET-1 in lung tissues. Fenofibrate-induced miR-199a2 expression can ameliorate PH by reduction of ET-1 levels."	25389292	Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-a-mediated transcription of miR-199a2 attenuates endothelin-1 expression via hypoxia-inducible factor-1a	2014	2015
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Parp1	11545	Gene	mRNA	dna methylation	NA	NA	qPCR;  PARP assay etc.	no	"Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation) is a post-translational protein modification effected by enzymes belonging to the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) superfamily, mainly by PARP-1. Overexpression of PARP-1activated expression of the a-SMA gene (Acta2) in lung fibroblasts. Suppression of PARP-1 activity or gene expression had the opposite effect on these cells. PARP-1-deficient cells also had reduced a-SMA gene expression. PARP-1 can affect the binding of smad3 to a-SMA promoter by inhibiting DNA methylation of a-SMA gene. PARP activity in lung fibroblasts isolated from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients was significantly higher than that in cells isolated from control subjects. PARP-1-deficient mice exhibited reduced pulmonary fibrosis in response to bleomycin-induced lung injury."	23260200	Regulation of myofibroblast differentiation by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1	2013	2021
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Thy1	21838	Gene	mRNA	dna methylation	NA	NA	qRT-PCR;  DNMT Activity Assay etc.	no	"TGF-B1 epigenetically regulates lung fibroblast phenotype through methylation of the Thy-1 promoter. Targeted inhibition of DNMT t might prevent fibroblast to myofibroblast transdifferentiation and collagen deposition, which in turn could prevent fibrogenesis in the lung and other organs."	26333597	TGF-B1 epigenetically modifies Thy-1 expression in primary lung fibroblasts	2015	2019
lung	cystic_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Cftr	12638	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	Cftr	NA	Dual-luciferase reporter assay; qRT-PCR; In situ Hybridization etc.	no	The Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane conductance Regulator (CFTR) is a chloride channel that plays a critical role in the lung by maintaining fluid homeostasis. Absence or malfunction of CFTR leads to Cystic Fibrosis; Chronic cigarette smoking up-regulates miR-101 and that this miRNA could contribute to suppression of CFTR in the lungs of COPD patients.	23226399	MiR-101 and miR-144 regulate the expression of the CFTR chloride channel in the lung	2012	2019
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Ptger2	19217	Gene	mRNA	dna hypermethylation	NA	PTEN-AKT signaling pathway	Global DNA methylation assay; qRT-PCR; Immunoblot etc.	no	The down-regulation of PTGER2 and consequent PGE2 resistance are both mediated by DNA hypermethylation;  Increased Akt signal transduction as a novel mechanism that promotes DNA hypermethylation during fibrogenesis.	20889571	Hypermethylation of PTGER2 confers prostaglandin E2 resistance in fibrotic fibroblasts from humansand mice	2010	2013
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Hmga2	15364	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	Hmga2	NA	Mtt assay; qRT-PCR;  etc.	no	The expression of miR 221 was inhibited in both IPF tissues and pulmonary cells whereas mRNA and protein expression of HMGA2 were increased. MiR 221 targets HMGA2 to inhibit BLM induced pulmonary fibrosis through the TGF B1/Smad3 signaling pathway.	27513632	MiR 221 targets HMGA2 to inhibit bleomycin induced pulmonary fibrosis by regulating TGF B1/Smad3-induced EMT	2016	2016
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Ptpa	110854	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	NA	PP2A/HISTONE DEACETYLASE C4/MICRORNA-29 signaling pathway	 qRT-PCR; Immunohistochemistry etc.	no	"The mechanism for suppression of miR-29 during IPF fibroblast interaction with polymerized collagen involves inappropriately low protein phosphatase (PP) 2A function, leading to histone deacetylase (HDA) C4 phosphorylation and decreased nuclear translocation of HDAC4.PF fibroblast interaction with polymerized type I collagen results in an aberrant PP2A/HDAC4 axis, which suppresses miR-29, causing a pathologic increase in type I collagen expression."	25612003	Pathologic Regulation of Collagen I by an Aberrant Protein Phosphatase 2A/Histone Deacetylase C4/MicroRNA-29 Signal Axis in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Fibroblasts	2015	2015
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Thy1	21838	Gene	mRNA	histone acetylation	NA	NA	 qRT-PCR; ChIp assay etc.	no	"Thy-1 expression in lung fibroblasts decreased with increased time after LPS challenge and diminished at 72 hrs. The acetylation of histone H4 (Ace-H4) decreased in the Thy-1 promoter region in response to LPS. In addition, all the above changes could be attenuated by depletion of TLR4 gene."	23305530	Epigenetic regulation of Thy-1 gene expression by histone modification is involved in lipopolysaccharide-induced lung fibroblast proliferation	2013	2018
lung	acute_lung_injury	mus_musculus	Timp1	21857	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	BAL; Immunohistochemistry; Neutrophil chemotaxis assay etc.	yes	"TIMP-1 contributes significantly to the regulation of acute lung injury, functioning to limit inflammation and lung permeability."	15947421	Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 deficiency amplifies acute lung injury in bleomycin-exposed mice	2005	2016
lung	pulmonary_hypertension	mus_musculus	E2f3	13557	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	E2f3	NA	EDU assay;  Dual-luciferase reporter assay etc.	no	"Transcriptional induction of miR-210 in HPASMC is hypoxia-inducible factor-1a dependent. Inhibition of miR-210 in HPASMC caused a significant decrease in cell number due to increased apoptosis. MiR-210 mediates its antiapoptotic effects via the regulation of transcription factor E2F3, a direct target of miR-210."	22886504	MiR-210 has an antiapoptotic effect in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells during hypoxia	2012	2016
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Nox4	50490	Gene	mRNA	dysregulation	Tgfbr2; Nox4	NA	Dual-luciferase reporter assay;  ISH etc.	no	"Transforming growth factor-B1 (TGF-B1) stimulates the production of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4)-dependent ROS, promoting lung fibrosis (LF). MiR-9-5p has an inhibitory effect on TGF-B receptor type II (TGFBR2) and NOX4 expression. Increased expression of miR-9-5p abrogates TGF-B1-dependent myofibroblast phenotypic transformation. In the mouse model of bleomycin-induced LF, miR-9-5p dramatically reduces fibrogenesis and inhibition of miR-9-5p prevents its anti-fibrotic effect both in vitro and in vivo. In lung specimens from patients with IPF, high levels of miR-9-5p are found. TGF-B1 induces miR-9-5p expression as a self-limiting homeostatic response."	26315535	MiR-9-5p suppresses pro-fibrogenic transformation of fibroblasts and prevents organ fibrosis by targeting NOX4 and TGFBR2	2015	2016
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Tgfbr2	21813	Gene	mRNA	dysregulation	Tgfbr2; Nox4	NA	Dual-luciferase reporter assay;  ISH etc.	no	"Transforming growth factor-B1 (TGF-B1) stimulates the production of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4)-dependent ROS, promoting lung fibrosis (LF). MiR-9-5p has an inhibitory effect on TGF-B receptor type II (TGFBR2) and NOX4 expression. Increased expression of miR-9-5p abrogates TGF-B1-dependent myofibroblast phenotypic transformation. In the mouse model of bleomycin-induced LF, miR-9-5p dramatically reduces fibrogenesis and inhibition of miR-9-5p prevents its anti-fibrotic effect both in vitro and in vivo. In lung specimens from patients with IPF, high levels of miR-9-5p are found. TGF-B1 induces miR-9-5p expression as a self-limiting homeostatic response."	26315535	MiR-9-5p suppresses pro-fibrogenic transformation of fibroblasts and prevents organ fibrosis by targeting NOX4 and TGFBR2	2015	2016
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Twist1	22160	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	P53 signaling pathway; RUNX2 signaling pathway; P65 signaling pathway	qRT-PCR; Dual-luciferase reporter assay; Immunoblot etc.	no	Twist1 promotes survival and accumulation of fibroblasts by shaping their responsiveness to growth factor stimulation.	19893041	"Gene expression profiling of pulmonary fibrosis identifies Twist1 as an antiapoptotic molecular ""rectifier"" of growth factor signaling"	2009	2016
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Lin28b	380669	Gene	mRNA	dysregulation	Lin28b	NA	Masson's trichrome staining; Immunohistochemistry; qRT-PCR etc.	no	Upregulation of Lin28B contributes to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Lin28B causes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by inhibition of let-7d. Lin28B is one of the targets of microRNA-26a. MiR-26a enhances the expression of let-7d via targeting regulation of Lin28B. A regulatory network among miRNAs involved in the progression of IPF.	26787543	MiR-26a suppresses EMT by disrupting the Lin28B/let-7d axis: potential cross-talks among miRNAs in IPF	2016	2021
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Ccn4	22402	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	qRT-PCR; Immunohistochemistry;  etc.	yes	"WISP1 enhanced fibrogenesis by inducing EMT of ATII cells and increasing collagen production by fibroblasts, indicating that WISP1 exerts its profibrotic effects by a multitude of autocrine and paracrine effects in the lung."	19287097	WNT1-inducible signaling protein-1 mediates pulmonary fibrosis in mice and is upregulated in humans with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis	2009	2021
pancreas	cystic_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Spink1	20730	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	pancreatic expression array; H&E staining etc.	no	"Because spink3 may be an important serine protease inhibitor, its up-regulation may reflect an important endogenous cytoprotective mechanism in preventing further injury. The up-regulation of spink3 was specific; The mouse homologue of the zymogen-processing protein zg-16p was also highly expressed in the pancreas but sharply down-regulated early in the course of injury."	15097871	Differential expression of the trypsin inhibitor SPINK3 mRNA and the mouse ortholog of secretory granule protein ZG-16p mRNA in the mouse pancreas after repetitive injury	2004	2021
pancreas	pancreatitis_chronic	mus_musculus	Zg16	171449	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	NA	NA	pancreatic expression array; H&E staining etc.	no	"Because spink3 may be an important serine protease inhibitor, its up-regulation may reflect an important endogenous cytoprotective mechanism in preventing further injury. The up-regulation of spink3 was specific; The mouse homologue of the zymogen-processing protein zg-16p was also highly expressed in the pancreas but sharply down-regulated early in the course of injury."	15097871	Differential expression of the trypsin inhibitor SPINK3 mRNA and the mouse ortholog of secretory granule protein ZG-16p mRNA in the mouse pancreas after repetitive injury	2004	2021
pancreas	pancreatitis_chronic	mus_musculus	Col4a1	12826	Gene	mRNA	dysregulation	NA	NA	 RT-PCR; cell prolimmunofluorescenceeration assay etc.	yes	"The effect of troglitazone on alpha1(i) procollagen mrna and mcp-1 mrna was unaffected by inhibition of endogenous ppargamma1 receptor activity. These results suggest that troglitazone may serve as novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of chronic pancreatitis. The antifibrotic effect of troglitazone appears to be mediated, in part, via a ppargamma-independent mechanism."	15211114	Troglitazone inhibits the progression of chronic pancreatitis and the profibrogenic activity of pancreatic stellate cells via a PPARgamma-independent mechanism	2004	2021
pancreas	pancreatitis_chronic	mus_musculus	MCP-1	100009115	Gene	mRNA	dysregulation	NA	NA	 RT-PCR; cell prolimmunofluorescenceeration assay etc.	yes	"The effect of troglitazone on alpha1(i) procollagen mrna and mcp-1 mrna was unaffected by inhibition of endogenous ppargamma1 receptor activity. These results suggest that troglitazone may serve as novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of chronic pancreatitis. The antifibrotic effect of troglitazone appears to be mediated, in part, via a ppargamma-independent mechanism."	15211114	Troglitazone inhibits the progression of chronic pancreatitis and the profibrogenic activity of pancreatic stellate cells via a PPARgamma-independent mechanism	2004	2021
kidney	kidney_diseases	mus_musculus	Plekho1	67220	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	CX43	NRF2 SIGNALING PATHWAY	immunofluorescence	no	"CKIP-1 acts downstream to CX43 on the activation of NRF2 signaling pathway to protect from renal fibrosis in diabetes, the mechanism of which might be related to the interaction of CKIP-1 with NRF2 through Cx43 carboxyl terminus (CT)."	33276097	CKIP-1 acts downstream to Cx43 on the activation of Nrf2 signaling pathway to protect from renal fibrosis in diabetes	2021	2021
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Nes	18008	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	TbetaRI	TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY	qRT-PCR; Immunohistochemistry; Immunofluorescence etc.	no	"Nestin regulates the vesicular trafficking system by promoting recycling of TbetaRI to the cell membrane through Rab11 and thereby contributes to the progression of pulmonary fibrosis. More importantly, precise targeting of Nestin expression within lung myofibroblasts can alleviate lung fibrogenesis and may represent a potential therapeutic strategy for IPF."	34625478	Nestin promotes pulmonary fibrosis?via?facilitating recycling of TGF-beta receptor I	2021	2021
lung	pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Arg1	11846	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	ARGINASE-ORNITHINE PATHWAY	qRT-PCR; Western Blot etc.	yes	"Arginase 1 (Arg1) is a key enzyme in the cycle and can metabolize arginine as ornithine. WB results showed that the content of Arg1 in the lung tissue of mice induced by BLM was significantly increased, and TL can significantly inhibit the expression of arginase 1(Arg1), argininosuccinate synthase (ASS1), carbamoyl phosphate synthase (CPS1) and ornithine carbamoyl transferase (OTC)."	33995084	Tianlongkechuanling Inhibits Pulmonary Fibrosis Through Down-Regulation of Arginase-Ornithine Pathway	2021	2021
lung	pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Cort	12854	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	NA	NA	RT-PCR; Immunofluorescence; Western Blot etc.	no	"Interestingly, activation of pulmonary fibroblasts with TGF-beta1 almost completelyinhibited cortistatin gene expression and bleomycin challenge moderately reduced its expression in lungs."	34237151	Protective role of cortistatin in pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis	2021	2021
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Mettl3	56335	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	Dot-Blot; Western Blot; Immunofluorescence etc.	no	"In this study, we reveal that m6A modification is upregulated in a bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis mouse model, FMT-derived myofibroblasts, and IPF patient lung samples. Lowering m6A levels through silencing methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) inhibits the FMT process in vitro and in vivo."	34111558	m6A modification regulates lung fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition through modulating KCNH6 mRNA translation	2021	2021
lung	pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Foxk2	68837	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	qRT-PCR; Immunofluorescence; Dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase Reporter Assay etc.	no	"Next, we detected circHIPK3 and miR-30a-3p expression levels in this model and observed circHIPK3 was up-regulated, while miR-30a-3p was markedly down-regulated in a time-dependent manner. Besides, the lactate levels and the protein expression of Foxk2 and glycolytic enzymes (HK2, PFKM, PKM2, and PDK1) were also upregulated after silica exposure."	34239356	CircHIPK3 regulates pulmonary fibrosis by facilitating glycolysis in miR-30a-3p/FOXK2-dependent manner	2021	2021
lung	pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Hk2	15277	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	qRT-PCR; Immunofluorescence; Dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase Reporter Assay etc.	no	"Next, we detected circHIPK3 and miR-30a-3p expression levels in this model and observed circHIPK3 was up-regulated, while miR-30a-3p was markedly down-regulated in a time-dependent manner. Besides, the lactate levels and the protein expression of Foxk2 and glycolytic enzymes (HK2, PFKM, PKM2, and PDK1) were also upregulated after silica exposure."	34239356	CircHIPK3 regulates pulmonary fibrosis by facilitating glycolysis in miR-30a-3p/FOXK2-dependent manner	2021	2021
lung	pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Pfkm	18642	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	qRT-PCR; Immunofluorescence; Dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase Reporter Assay etc.	no	"Next, we detected circHIPK3 and miR-30a-3p expression levels in this model and observed circHIPK3 was up-regulated, while miR-30a-3p was markedly down-regulated in a time-dependent manner. Besides, the lactate levels and the protein expression of Foxk2 and glycolytic enzymes (HK2, PFKM, PKM2, and PDK1) were also upregulated after silica exposure."	34239356	CircHIPK3 regulates pulmonary fibrosis by facilitating glycolysis in miR-30a-3p/FOXK2-dependent manner	2021	2021
lung	pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Pkm	18746	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	qRT-PCR; Immunofluorescence; Dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase Reporter Assay etc.	no	"Next, we detected circHIPK3 and miR-30a-3p expression levels in this model and observed circHIPK3 was up-regulated, while miR-30a-3p was markedly down-regulated in a time-dependent manner. Besides, the lactate levels and the protein expression of Foxk2 and glycolytic enzymes (HK2, PFKM, PKM2, and PDK1) were also upregulated after silica exposure."	34239356	CircHIPK3 regulates pulmonary fibrosis by facilitating glycolysis in miR-30a-3p/FOXK2-dependent manner	2021	2021
lung	pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Pdk1	228026	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	qRT-PCR; Immunofluorescence; Dual-lucimmunofluorescenceerase Reporter Assay etc.	no	"Next, we detected circHIPK3 and miR-30a-3p expression levels in this model and observed circHIPK3 was up-regulated, while miR-30a-3p was markedly down-regulated in a time-dependent manner. Besides, the lactate levels and the protein expression of Foxk2 and glycolytic enzymes (HK2, PFKM, PKM2, and PDK1) were also upregulated after silica exposure."	34239356	CircHIPK3 regulates pulmonary fibrosis by facilitating glycolysis in miR-30a-3p/FOXK2-dependent manner	2021	2021
lung	pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Aldh2	11669	Gene	mRNA	dysregulation	NA	NA	NA	no	"Two genes from these analyses that were decreased in expression at Day 14 and reversed at Day 30, Aldh2 and Nr3c1, were selected for further analysis. Enhancement of endogenous expression of either gene by CRISPR activation in cultured human idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis fibroblasts was sufficient to reduce profibrotic gene expression, fibronectin deposition, and collagen gel compaction, consistent with roles for these genes in fibroblast deactivation."	33493091	Spontaneous Lung Fibrosis Resolution Reveals Novel Antifibrotic Regulators	2021	2021
lung	pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Nr3c1	14815	Gene	mRNA	dysregulation	NA	NA	NA	no	"Two genes from these analyses that were decreased in expression at Day 14 and reversed at Day 30, Aldh2 and Nr3c1, were selected for further analysis. Enhancement of endogenous expression of either gene by CRISPR activation in cultured human idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis fibroblasts was sufficient to reduce profibrotic gene expression, fibronectin deposition, and collagen gel compaction, consistent with roles for these genes in fibroblast deactivation."	33493091	Spontaneous Lung Fibrosis Resolution Reveals Novel Antifibrotic Regulators	2021	2021
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Mdm4	17248	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	Trp53	Mdm4-p53 pathway	qRT-PCR; ELISA; Flow Cytometry etc.	no	"In this study, we found that mouse double minute 4 homolog (MDM4) is highly expressed in the fibrotic lesions of human IPF and experimental pulmonary fibrosis in aged mice."	33688918	Targeting mechanosensitive MDM4 promotes lung fibrosis resolution in aged mice	2021	2022
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Sirt3	64384	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	NA	NA	PCR; Western Blot etc.	no	"We showed that sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), a mitochondrial protein regulating cell fate and aging, is deficient in the AECs of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients and that asbestos- and bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis is augmented in Sirt3 knockout (Sirt3-/-) mice associated with AEC mtDNA damage and intrinsic apoptosis."	34202229	"SIRT3 Overexpression Ameliorates Asbestos-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis, mt-DNA Damage, and Lung Fibrogenic Monocyte Recruitment"	2021	2022
lung	pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Map1lc3b	67443	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	ELISA; Immunofluorescence; Western Blot etc.	yes	"In these genes we find Map1lc3, Cxcl2, and TNF genes up-regulation, which means autophagy regulation was activated and inflammatory response in macrophages."	33720480	Silica dust exposure induces pulmonary fibrosis through autophagy signaling	2021	2021
lung	pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Cxcl2	20310	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	ELISA; Immunofluorescence; Western Blot etc.	yes	"In these genes we find Map1lc3, Cxcl2, and TNF genes up-regulation, which means autophagy regulation was activated and inflammatory response in macrophages."	33720480	Silica dust exposure induces pulmonary fibrosis through autophagy signaling	2021	2022
lung	pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Tnf	21926	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	ELISA; Immunofluorescence; Western Blot etc.	yes	"In these genes we find Map1lc3, Cxcl2, and TNF genes up-regulation, which means autophagy regulation was activated and inflammatory response in macrophages."	33720480	Silica dust exposure induces pulmonary fibrosis through autophagy signaling	2021	2022
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Pcbp3	59093	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	Pfkfb3	NA	qRT-PCR; Immunofluorescence; Western Blot etc.	yes	"We evaluated the expression of PCBP3 in lung tissues and found that the protein levels of PCBP3 were markedly increased after bleomycin instillation, while anlotinib treatment decreased PCBP3 expression."	34603058	Anlotinib Inhibits PFKFB3-Driven Glycolysis in Myofibroblasts to Reverse Pulmonary Fibrosis	2021	
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Pfkfb3	170768	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	qRT-PCR; Immunofluorescence; Western Blot etc.	yes	"These findings suggest that PCBP3 protein upregulation is an early and sustained event during fibroblast activation and that the profibrogenic effects of PCBP3 are mediated by PFKFB3 expression. Taken together, these data suggest that PCBP3 posttranscriptionally increases PFKFB3 expression by promoting its translation during myofibroblast activation."	34603058	Anlotinib Inhibits PFKFB3-Driven Glycolysis in Myofibroblasts to Reverse Pulmonary Fibrosis	2021	
lung	pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Tgfbr2	21813	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	qRT-PCR; Western Blot; Immunohistochemistry etc.	yes	"Western blotting showed that TGF-beta1 promoted TGFBR2 expression, which was suppressed by atractylon treatment."	33855682	Atractylon Treatment Attenuates Pulmonary Fibrosis via Regulation of the mmu_circ_0000981/miR-211-5p/TGFBR2 Axis in an Ovalbumin-Induced Asthma Mouse Model	2021	
lung	silicosis	mus_musculus	E2f1	13555	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	Immunohistochemistry; qRT-PCR; Western Blot etc.	no	"RT-qRT-PCR analysis revealed a significantly increased E2F1 expression pattern in silicosis, which was highly positively correlated with the expression pattern of SKP2."	34428336	MicroRNA-205-5p targets E2F1 to promote autophagy and inhibit pulmonary fibrosis in silicosis through impairing SKP2-mediated Beclin1 ubiquitination	2021	
lung	silicosis	mus_musculus	Skp2	27401	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	Immunohistochemistry; qRT-PCR; Western Blot etc.	no	"To further verify whether SKP2 was elevated in early silicosis, we analysed the SKP2 mRNA levels in the afore-mentioned tissues by RT-qRT-PCR and confirmed the presence of a significantly increased SKP2 expression pattern in the alveolar tissues of early silicosis."	34428336	MicroRNA-205-5p targets E2F1 to promote autophagy and inhibit pulmonary fibrosis in silicosis through impairing SKP2-mediated Beclin1 ubiquitination	2021	
lung	silicosis	mus_musculus	Ambra1	228361	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	Immunohistochemistry; qRT-PCR; Western Blot etc.	no	"Taken together, these results revealed the upregulated expression of Beclin1 in silicosis, which may be attributed to the lung self-protective mechanism."	34428336	MicroRNA-205-5p targets E2F1 to promote autophagy and inhibit pulmonary fibrosis in silicosis through impairing SKP2-mediated Beclin1 ubiquitination	2021	
lung	silicosis	mus_musculus	Col1a1	12842	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	Immunohistochemistry; qRT-PCR; Western Blot etc.	no	"The expression patterns of the collagen genes collagen type I alpha 1 (Col1a1) and Col3a1 in the alveolar tissues were determined by RT-qRT-PCR, and the Col1a1 and Col3a1 mRNA levels were significantly increased in the alveolar tissues of CS-treated mice."	34428336	MicroRNA-205-5p targets E2F1 to promote autophagy and inhibit pulmonary fibrosis in silicosis through impairing SKP2-mediated Beclin1 ubiquitination	2021	
lung	silicosis	mus_musculus	Col3a1	12825	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	Immunohistochemistry; qRT-PCR; Western Blot etc.	no	"The expression patterns of the collagen genes collagen type I alpha 1 (Col1a1) and Col3a1 in the alveolar tissues were determined by RT-qRT-PCR, and the Col1a1 and Col3a1 mRNA levels were significantly increased in the alveolar tissues of CS-treated mice."	34428336	MicroRNA-205-5p targets E2F1 to promote autophagy and inhibit pulmonary fibrosis in silicosis through impairing SKP2-mediated Beclin1 ubiquitination	2021	
lung	silicosis	mus_musculus	Map1lc3a	66734	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	Immunohistochemistry; qRT-PCR; Western Blot etc.	no	"Our findings revealed that the mRNA and protein levels of Beclin1, LC3 and autophagy-related gene-5 (ATG5) were increased after treatment with CS, and Beclin1, LC3 and ATG5 increased upon combination treatment with CS and rapamycin."	34428336	MicroRNA-205-5p targets E2F1 to promote autophagy and inhibit pulmonary fibrosis in silicosis through impairing SKP2-mediated Beclin1 ubiquitination	2021	
lung	silicosis	mus_musculus	Atg5	11793	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	Immunohistochemistry; qRT-PCR; Western Blot etc.	no	"Our findings revealed that the mRNA and protein levels of Beclin1, LC3 and autophagy-related gene-5 (ATG5) were increased after treatment with CS, and Beclin1, LC3 and ATG5 increased upon combination treatment with CS and rapamycin."	34428336	MicroRNA-205-5p targets E2F1 to promote autophagy and inhibit pulmonary fibrosis in silicosis through impairing SKP2-mediated Beclin1 ubiquitination	2021	
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Yap1	22601	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	Western Blot; Immunofluorescence etc.	no	"The expression of YAP, Smad-3 and p21 were significantly increased in AECs of IPF mice compared to normal mice."	33994367	Efficacy of YAP1-gene Knockdown to Inhibit Alveolar-Epithelial-Cell Senescence and Alleviate Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF)	2021	
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Smad3	17127	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	Western Blot; Immunofluorescence etc.	no	"The expression of YAP, Smad-3 and p21 were significantly increased in AECs of IPF mice compared to normal mice."	33994367	Efficacy of YAP1-gene Knockdown to Inhibit Alveolar-Epithelial-Cell Senescence and Alleviate Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF)	2021	
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Cdkn1a	12575	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	Western Blot; Immunofluorescence etc.	no	"The expression of YAP, Smad-3 and p21 were significantly increased in AECs of IPF mice compared to normal mice."	33994367	Efficacy of YAP1-gene Knockdown to Inhibit Alveolar-Epithelial-Cell Senescence and Alleviate Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF)	2021	
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Grem2	23893	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	Immunohistochemistry; Immunofluorescence; qRT-PCR etc.	no	"Compared with the commonly used fibrosis indexes involving collagen1 (Col1) and fibronectin (FN), we found that the Gremlin2 expression level in the fibrosis model mice group increased more significantly, and was even more sensitive and indicative than the international indexes."	34422900	Gremlin2 Activates Fibroblasts to Promote Pulmonary Fibrosis Through the Bone Morphogenic Protein Pathway	2021	
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Spp1	20750	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	Histological Analysis; qRT-PCR etc.	no	OPN expression increased significantly in the BLM-injected mouse groups compared to that in the control group.	34243624	Osteopontin silencing attenuates bleomycin-induced murine pulmonary fibrosis by regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition	2021	
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Tnf	21926	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	Immunofluorescence; qRT-PCR; Western Blot etc.	yes	"Firstly, we found that the lung expression levels of Tnf (the gene encoding TNF-alfa) and Il1b (the gene encoding IL-1beta) were higher in BLM-treated mice than in control animals."	34529707	GED-0507 attenuates lung fibrosis by counteracting myofibroblast transdifferentiation in vivo and in vitro	2021	
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Il1b	16176	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	Immunofluorescence; qRT-PCR; Western Blot etc.	yes	"Firstly, we found that the lung expression levels of Tnf (the gene encoding TNF-alfa) and Il1b (the gene encoding IL-1beta) were higher in BLM-treated mice than in control animals."	34529707	GED-0507 attenuates lung fibrosis by counteracting myofibroblast transdifferentiation in vivo and in vitro	2021	
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Tgfb1	21803	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	Immunofluorescence; qRT-PCR; Western Blot etc.	yes	"The pulmonary expression of all tested genes-Tgfb1?(coding for TGFbeta),?Acta2 (coding for alfa-SMA),?Col1a1?(coding for collagen) and?Fn1?(coding for fibronectin)-was greater in the BLM-treated mice than in control animals."	34529707	GED-0507 attenuates lung fibrosis by counteracting myofibroblast transdifferentiation in vivo and in vitro	2021	
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Acta2	11475	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	Immunofluorescence; qRT-PCR; Western Blot etc.	yes	"The pulmonary expression of all tested genes-Tgfb1?(coding for TGFbeta),?Acta2 (coding for alfa-SMA),?Col1a1?(coding for collagen) and?Fn1?(coding for fibronectin)-was greater in the BLM-treated mice than in control animals."	34529707	GED-0507 attenuates lung fibrosis by counteracting myofibroblast transdifferentiation in vivo and in vitro	2021	
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Col1a1	12842	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	Immunofluorescence; qRT-PCR; Western Blot etc.	yes	"The pulmonary expression of all tested genes-Tgfb1?(coding for TGFbeta),?Acta2 (coding for alfa-SMA),?Col1a1?(coding for collagen) and?Fn1?(coding for fibronectin)-was greater in the BLM-treated mice than in control animals."	34529707	GED-0507 attenuates lung fibrosis by counteracting myofibroblast transdifferentiation in vivo and in vitro	2021	
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Fn1	14268	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	Immunofluorescence; qRT-PCR; Western Blot etc.	yes	"The pulmonary expression of all tested genes-Tgfb1?(coding for TGFbeta),?Acta2 (coding for alfa-SMA),?Col1a1?(coding for collagen) and?Fn1?(coding for fibronectin)-was greater in the BLM-treated mice than in control animals."	34529707	GED-0507 attenuates lung fibrosis by counteracting myofibroblast transdifferentiation in vivo and in vitro	2021	
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Cdh1	12550	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	NA	NA	Immunofluorescence; qRT-PCR; Western Blot etc.	yes	"Indeed, the lung tissue expression of genes coding for epithelial cell markers (such as?Cdh1?coding for E-cadherin and?Ocln?coding for occludin) was significantly lower in BLM mice than in control animals."	34529707	GED-0507 attenuates lung fibrosis by counteracting myofibroblast transdifferentiation in vivo and in vitro	2021	
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Ocln	18260	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	NA	NA	Immunofluorescence; qRT-PCR; Western Blot etc.	yes	"Indeed, the lung tissue expression of genes coding for epithelial cell markers (such as?Cdh1?coding for E-cadherin and?Ocln?coding for occludin) was significantly lower in BLM mice than in control animals."	34529707	GED-0507 attenuates lung fibrosis by counteracting myofibroblast transdifferentiation in vivo and in vitro	2021	
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Muc5b	74180	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	Immunofluorescence; qRT-PCR; Western Blot etc.	yes	We also found that mRNA expression of MUC5B (encoded by?Muc5b)?in the lung was significantly greater in BLM-treated mice than in control animals.	34529707	GED-0507 attenuates lung fibrosis by counteracting myofibroblast transdifferentiation in vivo and in vitro	2021	
lung	idiopathic_pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Sox9	20682	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	Immunohistochemistry; Immunofluorescence; Western Blot etc.	no	We demonstrate that Sox9 is upregulated via MAPK/PI3K-dependent signaling and by the transcription factor Wilms' tumor 1 in distal lung-resident fibroblasts in IPF.	34520400	Dysregulated overexpression of Sox9 induces fibroblast activation in pulmonary fibrosis	2021	
lung	pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Col1a1	12824	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	qRT-PCR; Microarray Analysis etc.	yes	"The mRNA expression of several fibrotic genes, Col1A1, CTGF, MMP2, Acta2 and TGFbeta1 was increased by 3.15 +- 0.83-, 1.74 +- 0.24-, 2.3 +- 0.19-, 1.91 +- 0.36 and 3.44 +- 0.39 (P < 0.05)-fold, respectively, in lungs of BLM-treated WT mice, compared with the untreated WT mice."	35083615	Inhibition of nuclear factor kappaB in the lungs protect bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in mice	2022	
lung	pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Ccn2	14219	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	qRT-PCR; Microarray Analysis etc.	yes	"The mRNA expression of several fibrotic genes, Col1A1, CTGF, MMP2, Acta2 and TGFbeta1 was increased by 3.15 +- 0.83-, 1.74 +- 0.24-, 2.3 +- 0.19-, 1.91 +- 0.36 and 3.44 +- 0.39 (P < 0.05)-fold, respectively, in lungs of BLM-treated WT mice, compared with the untreated WT mice."	35083615	Inhibition of nuclear factor kappaB in the lungs protect bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in mice	2022	
lung	pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Mmp2	17390	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	qRT-PCR; Microarray Analysis etc.	yes	"The mRNA expression of several fibrotic genes, Col1A1, CTGF, MMP2, Acta2 and TGFbeta1 was increased by 3.15 +- 0.83-, 1.74 +- 0.24-, 2.3 +- 0.19-, 1.91 +- 0.36 and 3.44 +- 0.39 (P < 0.05)-fold, respectively, in lungs of BLM-treated WT mice, compared with the untreated WT mice."	35083615	Inhibition of nuclear factor kappaB in the lungs protect bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in mice	2022	
lung	pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Acta2	11475	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	qRT-PCR; Microarray Analysis etc.	yes	"The mRNA expression of several fibrotic genes, Col1A1, CTGF, MMP2, Acta2 and TGFbeta1 was increased by 3.15 +- 0.83-, 1.74 +- 0.24-, 2.3 +- 0.19-, 1.91 +- 0.36 and 3.44 +- 0.39 (P < 0.05)-fold, respectively, in lungs of BLM-treated WT mice, compared with the untreated WT mice."	35083615	Inhibition of nuclear factor kappaB in the lungs protect bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in mice	2022	
lung	pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Tgfb1	21803	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	qRT-PCR; Microarray Analysis etc.	yes	"The mRNA expression of several fibrotic genes, Col1A1, CTGF, MMP2, Acta2 and TGFbeta1 was increased by 3.15 +- 0.83-, 1.74 +- 0.24-, 2.3 +- 0.19-, 1.91 +- 0.36 and 3.44 +- 0.39 (P < 0.05)-fold, respectively, in lungs of BLM-treated WT mice, compared with the untreated WT mice."	35083615	Inhibition of nuclear factor kappaB in the lungs protect bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in mice	2022	
lung	pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Il6	16193	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	qRT-PCR; Microarray Analysis etc.	yes	"The mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokine genes; IL6, IL1beta and RelA were increased by 2.52 +- 0.31-, 2.32 +- 0.06 and 3.01 +- 0.5 (P < 0.05)-fold, respectively, in the lungs of BLM-treated WT mice, compared with the untreated WT mice."	35083615	Inhibition of nuclear factor kappaB in the lungs protect bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in mice	2022	
lung	pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Il1b	16176	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	qRT-PCR; Microarray Analysis etc.	yes	"The mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokine genes; IL6, IL1beta and RelA were increased by 2.52 +- 0.31-, 2.32 +- 0.06 and 3.01 +- 0.5 (P < 0.05)-fold, respectively, in the lungs of BLM-treated WT mice, compared with the untreated WT mice."	35083615	Inhibition of nuclear factor kappaB in the lungs protect bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in mice	2022	
lung	pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Rela	19697	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	qRT-PCR; Microarray Analysis etc.	yes	"The mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokine genes; IL6, IL1beta and RelA were increased by 2.52 +- 0.31-, 2.32 +- 0.06 and 3.01 +- 0.5 (P < 0.05)-fold, respectively, in the lungs of BLM-treated WT mice, compared with the untreated WT mice."	35083615	Inhibition of nuclear factor kappaB in the lungs protect bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in mice	2022	
lung	pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Bmpr1a	12166	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	NA	NA	qRT-PCR; Microarray Analysis etc.	yes	"The mRNA expression of BMPR1A, Cav1 and Edn1 genes were reduced by 0.27 +- 0.04, 0.18 +- 0.804 and 0.95 +- 0.1-fold (P < 0.05), respectively, in BLM-treated WT mice, compared to untreated WT mice."	35083615	Inhibition of nuclear factor kappaB in the lungs protect bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in mice	2022	
lung	pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Cav1	12389	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	NA	NA	qRT-PCR; Microarray Analysis etc.	yes	"The mRNA expression of BMPR1A, Cav1 and Edn1 genes were reduced by 0.27 +- 0.04, 0.18 +- 0.804 and 0.95 +- 0.1-fold (P < 0.05), respectively, in BLM-treated WT mice, compared to untreated WT mice."	35083615	Inhibition of nuclear factor kappaB in the lungs protect bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in mice	2022	
lung	pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Edn1	13614	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	NA	NA	qRT-PCR; Microarray Analysis etc.	yes	"The mRNA expression of BMPR1A, Cav1 and Edn1 genes were reduced by 0.27 +- 0.04, 0.18 +- 0.804 and 0.95 +- 0.1-fold (P < 0.05), respectively, in BLM-treated WT mice, compared to untreated WT mice."	35083615	Inhibition of nuclear factor kappaB in the lungs protect bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in mice	2022	
lung	pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Pecam1	18613	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	NA	NA	qRT-PCR; Microarray Analysis etc.	yes	"The mRNA expression of BMPR1A, Cav1 and Edn1 genes were reduced by 0.27 +- 0.04, 0.18 +- 0.804 and 0.95 +- 0.1-fold (P < 0.05), respectively, in BLM-treated WT mice, compared to untreated WT mice."	35083615	Inhibition of nuclear factor kappaB in the lungs protect bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in mice	2022	
lung	pulmonary_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Bak1	12018	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	qRT-PCR; Microarray Analysis etc.	yes	"Expression of the pro-apoptotic Bcl2 family gene, Bak is increased by 2.31 +- 0.30-fold in BLM-treated WT mice, compared with the untreated WT mice."	35083615	Inhibition of nuclear factor kappaB in the lungs protect bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in mice	2022	
heart	myocardial_infarction	mus_musculus	Prkaa1	105787	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	Cx43	NA	NA	no	Prkaa1 influences Cx43 expression by both a transcriptional and a post-transcriptional mechanism involving miR-125b-5p.	33564961	AMPK-alpha1 deletion in myofibroblasts exacerbates post-myocardial infarction fibrosis by a connexin 43 mechanism	2021	
heart	myocardial_infarction	mus_musculus	Klf5	12224	Gene	mRNA	down-regulation	mir-27a	TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY	bioinformatic analyses;luciferase assays	no	KLF5 possibly induces cell and tissue damage in myocardial infarction through downregulation of miR-27a and the subsequent activation of GFPT2/TGF-beta/Smad2/3 axis.	33910455	Promoting roles of KLF5 in myocardial infarction in mice involving microRNA-27a suppression and the following GFPT2/TGF-beta/Smad2/3 axis activation	2021	
heart	endomyocardial_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Rgs4	19736	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY	qRT-PCR;western blot;Masson staining	no	RGS4 promoted cardiac fibrosis and attenuated the anti-cardiac fibrosis of choline. RGS4 may weaken anti-cardiac fibrosis of choline through TGF-BETA1/Smad and MAPK signaling pathways.	33892733	The association between RGS4 and choline in cardiac fibrosis	2021	
heart	endomyocardial_fibrosis	mus_musculus	Adam17	11491	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	qRT-PCR;CCK-8 assays;western blot etc.	yes	"ADAM17 expression plays a key role in cardiac fibrosis by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitophagy, thereby limiting fibrosis and improving heart function."	34035876	The Downregulation of ADAM17 Exerts Protective Effects against Cardiac Fibrosis by Regulating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Mitophagy	2021	
kidney	nephrolithiasis	mus_musculus	Cxcr4	12767	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NF-KAPPA B SIGNALING PATHWAY	RNA sequencing;qRT-PCR;immunohistochemistry etc.	no	CXCR4 inhibition attenuates CaOx crystal deposition-induced renal fibrosis by suppressing autophagy and EMT through the NF-kB pathway.	35255299	CXCR4 inhibition attenuates calcium oxalate crystal deposition-induced renal fibrosis	2022	
kidney	chronic_kidney_disease	mus_musculus	Lmcd1	30937	Gene	mRNA	up-regulation	NA	NA	NA	no	Inhibition of LMCD1 protects against renal interstitial fibrosis by impeding ERK activation.	34968577	Suppression of LMCD1 ameliorates renal fibrosis by blocking the activation of ERK pathway	2022